Researchers from the University of Michigan have found that astronauts’ brains change shape during spaceflight. It is the first study1.(look) into how the brain changes in space. Researchers looked at high-tech MRI(磁共振成像)pictures of the brains of 26 astronauts who spent time in space. Twelve of the2.(astronaut) spent two weeks on the Space Shuttle, and 14 spent six months on the International Space Station. All of them3.(experience) increases and decreases in the size of 4.(differ) parts of the brain. The longer an astronaut spent in space ,the 5.(big) the size differences were.
The research produced some6.(interest) findings. One was that on gravity means fluids do not drop in the body, 7.there is a shift in the brain’s position inside the skull. The brain becomes either smaller or bigger. The findings could help doctors to treat problems that affect the brain’s function. They could treat people with problems 8.(cause)by long-term bed rest. They could also help those who have a build-up of fluid in the brain, which can lead9.brain damage. We will understand more about 10.neurons(神经元)in the brain connect. The findings will also help future trips to Mars.
高三英语短文填空困难题
Researchers from the University of Michigan have found that astronauts’ brains change shape during spaceflight. It is the first study1.(look) into how the brain changes in space. Researchers looked at high-tech MRI(磁共振成像)pictures of the brains of 26 astronauts who spent time in space. Twelve of the2.(astronaut) spent two weeks on the Space Shuttle, and 14 spent six months on the International Space Station. All of them3.(experience) increases and decreases in the size of 4.(differ) parts of the brain. The longer an astronaut spent in space ,the 5.(big) the size differences were.
The research produced some6.(interest) findings. One was that on gravity means fluids do not drop in the body, 7.there is a shift in the brain’s position inside the skull. The brain becomes either smaller or bigger. The findings could help doctors to treat problems that affect the brain’s function. They could treat people with problems 8.(cause)by long-term bed rest. They could also help those who have a build-up of fluid in the brain, which can lead9.brain damage. We will understand more about 10.neurons(神经元)in the brain connect. The findings will also help future trips to Mars.
高三英语短文填空困难题查看答案及解析
An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations (迁徙).
Migratory birds (候鸟) flood back to where they reproduce every spring. That migratory behavior is accompanied by some human behavior. “In English-language Wikipedia (维基百科), the online searches for migratory species tend to increase in spring when those birds arrive in the United States,” said the lead author John Mittermeier.
And not just birds. Mittermeier and his team surveyed nearly 2.5 billion Wikipedia search records, for 32,000 species, across 245 languages. They also saw variable search rates for insects, horsetails and flowering plants. Seasonal trends seemed to be widespread in Wikipedia behavior for many species of plants and animals.
This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world’s biological diversity. It also shows new ways to see how much people care about nature, and which species and areas might be the most effective targets for conservation.
Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results. He commented, “I think there’s a concern among conservationists (生态环境保护者) that people are losing touch with the natural world and that they’re not interacting with native species anymore. And so in that sense, it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people’s Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature.”
Richard Grenyer, Associate Professor from the University of Oxford, says search data is useful to conservation biologists, “By using these big data approaches, we can direct our attention towards the difficult questions in modern conservation: which species and areas are changing, and where are the people who care the most and can do the most to help.”
1.What have researchers found about species searches?
A. They strengthen ties among people.
B. They affect the animal movements.
C. They differ in language backgrounds.
D. They reflect animal migration seasons.
2.What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3?
A. To summarize the research process.
B. To further support the research findings.
C. To show the variety of species searches.
D. To present researchers’ heavy work load.
3.How does Mittermeier feel about the search results?
A. Satisfied with Wikipedia’s service.
B. Worried about Wikipedia behavior.
C. Amazed at people’s care about nature.
D. Sad about people’s not getting close to nature.
4.Why does Richard think such search data is useful?
A. It helps to aim at conservation targets.
B. It increases interest in big data approaches.
C. It keeps track of trends in biologists’work.
D. It pushes people to solve difficult problems.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Empathy
Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.
What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__
To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
| A．Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person. |
| B．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. |
| C．Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic. |
| D．“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says. |
E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.
F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.
G. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
Empathy
Last year, researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy, the ability to understand other people, among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. __71__ Today, people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
Jennifer Freed, a co-director of a teen program, has another explanation. Turn on the TV, and you’re showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting, competing, and generally treating one another with no respect. __72__
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples. Humans are socially related by nature. __73__ Researchers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. Besides, empathy can be a cure for loneliness, sadness, anxiety, and fear.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader. In fact, Freed says, many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. __74__ “Academics are important. But if you don’t have emotional intelligence, you won’t be as successful in work or in your love life,” she says.
What’s the best way to up your EQ (情商）? For starters, let down your guard and really listen to others. __75__
To really develop empathy, you’d better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a “sharing circle” with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
| A．Everyone is different, and levels of empathy differ from person to person. |
| B．Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human—and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. |
| C．Humans learn by example—and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic. |
| D．“One doesn’t develop empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking,” Freed says. |
E. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else—both what they think and how they feel.
F. Good social skills—including empathy—are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help you succeed in many areas of life.
G. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time, the researchers said.
高三英语信息匹配困难题查看答案及解析
七选五。
Last year，researchers from the University of Michigan reported that empathy，the ability to understand other people，among college students had dropped sharply over the past 10 years. That could be because so many people have replaced face time with screen time，the researchers said.
1. Jennifer Freed，a co-director of a teen program，has another explanation. Turn on the TV，and you're showered with news and reality shows full of people fighting，competing，and generally treating one another with no respect. 2.
There are good reasons not to follow those bad examples.Humans are socially related by nature. Having relationships with other people is an important part of being human — and having empathy is decisive to those relationships. Research ers have also found that empathetic teenagers are more likely to have high self-respect. 3.
Empathy is also an indication of a good leader.In fact，Freed says，many top companies report that empathy is one of the most important things they look for in new managers. 4. “Academics are important.But if you don't have emotional （情感的） intelligence，you won't be as successful in work or in your love life，” she says.
What's the best way to up your EQ （情商）? For starters，let down your guard and really listen to others. 5.
To really develop empathy，you'd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital，join a club or a team that has a diverse membership，have a “sharing circle” with your family，or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter.
A. Today，people spend more time alone and are less likely to join groups and clubs.
B. “One doesn't develo p empathy by having a lot of opinions and doing a lot of talking，” Freed
says.
C. Humans learn by example and most of the examples on it are anything but empathetic.
D. Empathy is a matter of learning how to understand someone else — both what they think and
how they feel.
E. Good social skills, including empathy, are a kind of “emotional intelligence” that will help
you succeed in many areas of life.
F. Besides，empathy can be a cure for loneliness，sadness，anxiety，and fear.
G. Everyone is different，and levels of empathy differ from person to person.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度) of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.
The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6. 1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.
They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio(比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.
Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $ 2 million.
“We are eager to continue to validate (证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we’re also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors.” Explained Prof Ho.
1.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?
A. Because yellow can be seen more easily.
B. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.
C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.
D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.
2.What’s Prof Ho’s study based on?
A. Physical risks taxi passengers experience.
B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.
C. Data from Singapore’s largest taxi company.
D. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.
3.What do Prof Ho’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A. School buses should be painted yellow.
B. Their findings are worth popularizing.
C. Their study will be furthered.
D. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. Caution: yellow taxis ahead B. Safer to ride in yellow taxis
C. Why are yellow taxis preferred? D. How can colors help prevent accidents?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度） of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.
The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.
They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio (比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.
Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $2 million.
“We are eager to continue to validate(证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we’re also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors, ”explained Prof Ho.
1.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?
A. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.
B. Because yellow can be seen more easily.
C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.
D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.
2.What’s Prof Ho’s study based on?
A. Physical risks taxi passengers experience.
B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.
C. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.
D. Data from Singapore's largest taxi company.
3.What do Prof Ho’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A. School buses should be painted yellow.
B. Their findings are worth popularizing.
C. Their study will be furthered.
D. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. Safer to ride in yellow taxis
B. Caution: yellow taxis ahead
C. Why are yellow Taxis preferred?
D. How can colors help prevent accidents?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
A recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore(NUS)has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度)of yellow makes it easier for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.
The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether there was a causal relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.
The researchers also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio(比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents would occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year. Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, switching the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual savings of $2 million.
“We are eager to continue to validate(证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For instance, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we are also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors,” explained Prof Ho.
1.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?
A. Because yellow can be seen more easily.
B. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.
C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.
D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.
2.What’s Prof Ho’s study based on?
A. Physical risks taxi passengers experience.
B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.
C. Data from Singapore’s largest taxi company.
D. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.
3.What do Prof Ho’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A. School buses should be painted yellow.
B. Their findings are worth popularizing.
C. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.
D. Their study will be furthered.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. Caution: yellow taxis ahead
B. Safer to ride in yellow taxis
C. Why are yellow taxis preferred?
D. How can colors help prevent accidents?
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
University of Pennsylvania researchers say that for the first time they have linked social media use to increases in depression and loneliness． The idea that social media is anything but social when it comes to mental health has been talked about for years， but not many studies have managed to actually link the two． To do that， Penn researchers， led by psychologist Melissa Hunt， designed a study that focused on WeChat， Snapchat and Instagram．
The study was conducted with 143 participants， who before they began， completed a mood survey and sent along photos of their battery screens， showing how often they were using their phones to access social media． "We set out to do a much more complete study which attempts to imitate real life．" Hunt said．
The study divided the participants into two groups： The first group was allowed to maintain their normal social media habits． The other， the control group， was restricted to 10 minutes per day on social media． The restrictions were put in place for three weeks and then the participants returned and were tested for outcomes such as fear of missing out， anxiety， depression and loneliness．
The results showed a very clear link between social media use and increased levels of depression and loneliness． "Using less social media than you normally do would lead to significant decreases in both depression and loneliness，" Hunt said．
Social media invites what Hunt calls "downward social comparison．" "When you're online， it can sometimes seem that everyone else is cooler and having more fun and included in more things and you're left out，" Hunt said． And that's just generally discouraging． "Every minute you spend online is a minute you are not doing your work or not meeting a friend for dinner or having a deep conversation with your roommate．" And these real life activities are the ones that can encourage self﹣esteem and self﹣worth， Hunt added．
"People are on their devices， and that's not going to change，" she said． But as in life， a bit of control goes a long way．
1.Before the study was conducted， the participants completed a survey to ．
A. imitate people's real life
B. link loneliness to depression
C. show their use of social media
D. prove social media is important
2.The results of the study showed using less social media would result in ．
A. people's fear of missing out
B. higher levels of depression
C. obvious relief in loneliness
D. lower levels of happiness
3.In Hunt's opinion， which activity benefits more to mental health？
A. Hiking out with friends．
B. Making comparison with others．
C. Playing computer games in spare time．
D. Logging onto social media and having fun．
4.Which can be the best title of the passage？
A. A Study on Social Media．
B. How to Improve Mental Health．
C. People Addicted to Social Media．
D. Social Media Influences Mental Health．
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
A recent study led by researchers from ihe National University of Singapore ( NUS) has found a clear link between the color o£ a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi，driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore
suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度）of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.
The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6. 1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.
They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio (比例〉of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days，switching the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $2 million.
“We are eager to continue to validate(证实）the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare (he accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors lo find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we're also interested to look al private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of differenl colors,” explained Prof Ho.
1.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?
A. Because yellow can be seen more easily.
B. Because yellow signals a warning of clanger.
C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.
D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.
2.What's Prof Ho'S study based on?
A. Physical risks taxi passengers experience.
B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.
C. Data from Singapore's largest taxi company.
D. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.
3.What do Prof Ho’s words in the last paragraph suggest?
A. Their study will be furthered.
B. Their findings are worth popularizing.
C. School buses should be painted yellow.
D. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A. Caution： yellow taxis ahead.
B. Safer to ride in yellow taxis.
C. Why are yellow taxis preferred?
D. How can colors help prevent accidents?
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析