A wagging(摇) tail is a form of dog communication. Dogs wag their tell us something about how they’re feeling.
There are probably few people who haven’t seen a dog wagging his tail, and most of the time it’s obvious what the dog is trying to tell you with this kind of body language. It is important, however, that you pay attention to how the dog is holding his tail when he’s wagging it.
Is it relaxed and moving back in forth? Is his body moving along with the wagging? Or is the tail high and moving quickly back and forth while the dog’s body remains fairly erect and stiff (竖直僵硬的)? Where the tail is and the way a dog holds his body while he’s wagging it can give you a clue about what he is trying to communicate.
Most people look at a dog with a wagging tail and assume he is happy. Most of the time this is true, but there are times when a dog wags his tail right before he becomes aggressive. If a dog is wagging his tail and the rest of his body seems relaxed or is moving along with the wagging, you are dealing with a happy and comfortable dog.
If a dog is holding his body erect and stiff while wagging his tail, however, he may be telling you that he’s feeling territorial or uncomfortable with something that is going on around him. In this case, the dog’s tail will be held high and moving back and forth rapidly. This discomfort can be a sign to attack.
This is one reason people sometimes report that a dog was wagging his tail right before he bit someone. So if you come across a dog you don’t know who is wagging his tail, check out what the rest of his body language is telling you before you approach.
1.In what situation do we know a dog is happy?
A. When we have a close look at him.
B. When we try to communicate with him.
C. The dog wags his tail and his body remains relaxed.
D. The dog moves his body along and holds his tail high.
2.A dog’s tail holding high and moving back and forth rapidly shows he may be ________.
A. aggressive B. frightened C. friendly D. relaxed
3.What are people expected to do when meeting a strange dog?
A. Train him to be friendly. B. Judge him by his body language.
C. Ask the owner for help. D. Approach him slowly.
4.What is the best title of this passage?
A. Signs of a Dog’s Bites
B. A Special Communication
C. A Pet Dog — Human’s Friend
D. Dog Feeling Expression —Wagging Tail
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
A wagging(摇) tail is a form of dog communication. Dogs wag their tell us something about how they’re feeling.
There are probably few people who haven’t seen a dog wagging his tail, and most of the time it’s obvious what the dog is trying to tell you with this kind of body language. It is important, however, that you pay attention to how the dog is holding his tail when he’s wagging it.
Is it relaxed and moving back in forth? Is his body moving along with the wagging? Or is the tail high and moving quickly back and forth while the dog’s body remains fairly erect and stiff (竖直僵硬的)? Where the tail is and the way a dog holds his body while he’s wagging it can give you a clue about what he is trying to communicate.
Most people look at a dog with a wagging tail and assume he is happy. Most of the time this is true, but there are times when a dog wags his tail right before he becomes aggressive. If a dog is wagging his tail and the rest of his body seems relaxed or is moving along with the wagging, you are dealing with a happy and comfortable dog.
If a dog is holding his body erect and stiff while wagging his tail, however, he may be telling you that he’s feeling territorial or uncomfortable with something that is going on around him. In this case, the dog’s tail will be held high and moving back and forth rapidly. This discomfort can be a sign to attack.
This is one reason people sometimes report that a dog was wagging his tail right before he bit someone. So if you come across a dog you don’t know who is wagging his tail, check out what the rest of his body language is telling you before you approach.
1.In what situation do we know a dog is happy?
A. When we have a close look at him.
B. When we try to communicate with him.
C. The dog wags his tail and his body remains relaxed.
D. The dog moves his body along and holds his tail high.
2.A dog’s tail holding high and moving back and forth rapidly shows he may be ________.
A. aggressive B. frightened C. friendly D. relaxed
3.What are people expected to do when meeting a strange dog?
A. Train him to be friendly. B. Judge him by his body language.
C. Ask the owner for help. D. Approach him slowly.
4.What is the best title of this passage?
A. Signs of a Dog’s Bites
B. A Special Communication
C. A Pet Dog — Human’s Friend
D. Dog Feeling Expression —Wagging Tail
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dogs can tell how other dogs are feeling from the way their tails are wagging (摇摆), according to researchers who monitored the animals’ heart rate as they watched dogs’ movies. The Italian team found that dogs had higher heart rates and became more anxious when they saw others wag their tails more to the left, but not when they wagged more to the right, or failed to wag at all.
The curious form of communication is probably not intentional, or consciously understood, but is instead an automatic behavior that arises from the structure of the brain, said Giorgio. “It’s not something they clearly and exactly understand,” Giorgio told The Guardian. “It’s just something that happens to them.”
Giorgio traces the effect back to the way the two halves of the brain process different experiences. In a previous study, his team showed that when a dog had a positive experience, activity rose in the left side of the brain, bringing about more tail wagging to the right. Or else more tail wagging to the left. The effect is barely visible to the human eye because dogs tend to wag their tails too fast, but it can be seen with slow motion video, or in some larger types.
In the latest study, the researchers wanted to find out whether the direction of tail wagging had any effect on other dogs. To get an answer, they fitted dogs with vests that recorded their heart rates, and played them movies of other dogs wagging their tails one way and then the other. To ensure the dogs reacted only to tail wagging, and not appearance, they repeated the experiment with dogs that appeared only as shadows.
“When dogs saw other dogs wagging their tails to the right, there was quite a relaxed reaction and no evidence of an increased heart rate. But when the wagging was to the left we saw an increase in heart rate and a series of behaviors typically associated with stress, anxiety and being more watchful,” Giorgio said. The anxious animals held their ears up, breathed, and kept their eyes wide open. The study appears in the latest issue of Current Biology.
1.What does the text focus on?
A.Animal protection. B.Animal psychology.
C.Animal tests. D.Animal welfare.
2.What leads to dogs’ wagging tail to the left or right according to Giorgio?
A.Their automatic behavior. B.Their conscious response.
C.Their increasing heart rate. D.Their selective preference.
3.At what time do dogs have more tail wagging to the right?
A.When they run quickly. B.When they feel hungry.
C.When they feel stressed. D.When they play with their owners.
4.What can we learn from the text?
A.Giorgio did the research on his own.
B.The effect of dog’s wagging tails can be seen by human eyes.
C.A dog keeping his eyes wide open may show he is nervous or worried.
D.The findings of the study will help with wildlife protection.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dogs can tell how other dogs are feeling from the way their tails are wagging(摇摆),according to researchers who monitored the animals’ heart rate as they watched dogs’ movies. The Italian team found that dogs had higher heart rates and became more anxious when they saw others wag their tails more to the left,but not when they wagged more to the right, or failed to wag at all.
The curious form of communication is probably not intentional, or consciously understood, but is instead an automatic behavior that arises from the structure of the brain, said Giorgio. “It’s not something they clearly and exactly understand,” Giorgio told The Guardian. “It’s just something that happens to them.”
Giorgio traces the effect back to the way the two halves of the brain process different experiences. In a previous study, his team showed that when a dog had a positive experience, activity rose in the left side of the brain, bringing about more tail wagging to the right. Or else more tail wagging to the left. The effect is barely visible to the human eye because dogs tend to wag their tails too fast, but it can be seen with slow motion video, or in some larger types.
In the latest study, the researchers wanted to find out whether the direction of tail wagging had any effect on other dogs. To get an answer, they fitted dogs with vests that recorded their heart rates, and played them movies of other dogs wagging their tails one way and then the other. To ensure the dogs reacted only to tail wagging, and not appearance? they repeated the experiment with dogs that appeared only as shadows.
“When dogs saw other dogs wagging their tails to the right, there was quite a relaxed reaction and no evidence of an increased heart rate. But when the wagging was to the left we saw an increase in heart rate and a series of behaviors typically associated with stress, anxiety and being more watchful, “Giorgio said. The anxious animals held their ears up, breathed, and kept their eyes wide open. The study appears in the latest issue of Current Biology.
1.What does the text focus on?
A. Animal protection. B. Animal welfare.
C. Animal tests. D. Animal psychology.
2.What leads to dogs’ wagging tail to the left or right according to Giorgio?
A. Their automatic behavior. B. Their conscious response.
C. Their increasing heart rate. D. Their selective preference.
3.At what time do dogs have more tail wagging to the right?
A. When they run quickly. B. When they feel hungry.
C. When they play with their owners. D. When they feel stressed.
4.What may be the best title for the text?
A. How dogs communicate with each other
B. Some reasons why dogs feel seriously anxious
C. Dogs’ different behaviors in different situations
D. Dogs’ communicating ways of tail wagging
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found.
Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video camems. To conduct the study, they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time.
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners —a positive experience— their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli, they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.
1.The video cameras were used to catch the dogs’ response because______.
A. The dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods
B. they enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit
C. It was easier to catch the dogs’ response change in tail wagging
D. The dog were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time
2.The underlined word “intensity”in the passage means_______.
A. surprise B. worry C. excitment D. interest
3.The underlined word “they” refers to _______.
A. the dogs B. the trainers C. the systems D.the researchers
4.The purpose of doing the experiment is ________.
A. to train dogs for their owners
B. to help dogs find company
C. to help people judge the mood of dogs
D. to help people choose their pet dogs
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dogs wag(摇摆) their tails in different directions depending on whether they are excited and wanting to move forward or threatened and thinking of moving back, a study has found.
Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging behaviour of 30 dogs, catching their responses to a range of stimuli(刺激物) with video cameras. To conduct the study they chose 15 male dogs and 15 female ones aged between one and six years. The dogs were all family pets whose owners had allowed them to take part in the experiment at Bari University. The dogs were placed in a large wooden box with an opening at the front to allow for them to view various stimuli. They were tested one at a time.
The researchers led by Professor Giorgio Vallortigara of the University of Trieste found that when the dogs were shown their owners—a positive experience—their tails wagged energetically to the right side. When they were shown an unfamiliar human they wagged to the right, but with somewhat less enthusiasm. The appearance of a cat again caused a right-hand side wag, although with less intensity again. The appearance of a large unfamiliar dog, similar to a German shepherd, changed the direction of tail wagging to the left. Researchers supposed the dog was thinking of moving back. When the dogs were not shown any stimuli they tended to wag their tails to the left, suggesting they preferred company. While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could help people judge the mood (心情) of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.
1.The video cameras were used to catch the dogs ’responses because________.
A. it was easier to catch the dogs’ response changes in the tail wagging
B. the dogs were put in the wooden boxes and tested one at a time.
C. they enabled the dogs’ owners to know about their dogs’ habit
D. the dogs wagged their tails in different directions when they were in different moods
2.The underlined word“intensity” in the passage means ________.
A. surprise B. worry C. excitement D. interest
3.When there are no stimuli, a dog will ________ .
A. wag to the left B. wag to the right
C. not wag at all D. wag to the left and then to the right
4.The underlined word “they”in the last paragraph refers to ________ .
A. the dogs B. the trainers C. the systems D. the researchers
5.The purpose of doing the experiment is ________.
A. to train dogs for their owners
B. to help people judge the mood of dogs
C. to help dogs find company
D. to help people choose their pet dogs
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A dog’s tail can tell you a lot more than you might think. Is it wagging (摇) to the left or is it wagging to the right?
“The direction of tail wagging does in fact matter,”said Giorgio Vallortigara,a professor at the University of Trento in Italy. Professor Vallortigara finds that the way the tail is wagging can tell you a lot about a dog’s state of mind—whether you’re a human or another dog.
What’s the difference between a left wag and a right wag?Professor Vallortigara and his colleagues have studied 43 dogs of various breeds — German Shepherds,Beagles,Boxers,Border Collies and some mutts. They find that if a dog wags its tail to the left. it’s feeling anxious or nervous. The reason could be an unfamiliar or dangerous situation,an unfamiliar person,or an unfamiliar and possibly threatening dog. But if the tail is wagging to the right,it means the dog is feeling relaxed and approachable.
“The tail is a very important signal,”said Thomas Reimchen,a biologist at the University of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada. ”There is a lot of visual information that dogs use when communicating with each other. ”
How did the scientists figure all this information out? They had the dogs in their study watch videotapes of other dogs. When the dog on the tape wagged its tail to the right,they say the other dogs remained calm and cool. But when the dog on the tape wagged its tail to the left,the other dogs got anxious.
The researchers are still not exactly sure if the direction of tail wagging is something the dog does consciously. They suspect that it might be something the dog does without even thinking about it — kind of like when you get goose bumps if something scares or startles you. They plan to do more research to get more information about what dogs are thinking and feeling while they’re wagging. As Reimchen said,“I'm not going to be surprised if we find all sorts of really interesting processes that nobody has ever seen before. ”
1.Professor Vallortigara’s study focused on the relationship between_________.
A. a dog’s state of mind and its owner's feeling
B. a dog’s state of mind and the direction of its tail wagging
C. a dog’s sense of direction and its state of mind
D. a dog’s intention of tail wagging and its feeling
2.According to the study,dogs which wag their tails to the left may feel_________.
A. calm B. happy C. angry D. nervous
3.It is implied in Thomas Reimchen’s words in Paragraph 4 that___________.
A. dogs’ tails play all important role in their growth
B. dogs show their feelings only by wagging their tails
C. dogs get to know others by watching tail wagging
D. dogs can understand each other by repeating tail wagging
4.How does the passage mainly develop?
A. By asking and analyzing questions
B. By making comparisons
C. By following the order of time
D. By providing examples
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Thirteen years ago,I fell in love with a white ball of fur that wagged its tail at me.I was about to____a steady job to follow my dream of becoming a travel____,which would possibly make my life harder—not to mention____ an animal that would need care during my long absence.____I never gave it a second thought.She had me at the first wag.
Layla was good at conveying her displeasure with her body language every time I____.But her____at my departures was more than compensated for by our reunions.And when I sat to write my____,she would settle herself next to my desk.I would ____to her what I'd written and she would cock her head or wag her tail____.Of course she didn't____what I was writing.But this exercise with her was my means of self-editing.This helped____what I put on the page.Having such a ready and____audience made me a better writer.Giving a____to Layla in this process turned a task into a joy.
I have no words to describe the____that connected me so____to her.Like many old friends,she and I____much over the years,and I'm so____to her.Whatever success I've had as a travel writer,I____large part to her listening and being at my side.
It does not____if she never understood a word I said.She was my travel partner and will____be.
1.A. begin B. apply for C. quit D. look for
2.A. expert B. agent C. guide D. writer
3.A. catching B. adopting C. training D. delivering
4.A. But B. So C. And D. Or
5.A. returned B. cried C. left D. failed
6.A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. astonishment D. embarrassment
7.A. stories B. letters C. papers D. reports
8.A. display B. offer C. read D. perform
9.A. in doubt B. in return C. in relief D. in response
10.A. recognize B. understand C. remember D. appreciate
11.A. shape B. ignore C. support D. introduce
12.A. potential B. creative C. patient D. casual
13.A. voice B. lesson C. hand D. break
14.A. trick B. ownership C. hobby D. bond
15.A. obviously B. closely C. directly D. loosely
16.A. shouldered B. learned C. shared D. suffered
17.A. regretful B. grateful C. respectful D. merciful
18.A. owe B. devote C. leave D. add
19.A. help B. hurt C. work D. matter
20.A. frequently B. sometimes C. usually D. always
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Thirteen years ago,I fell in love with a white ball of fur that wagged its tail at me.I was about to____a steady job to follow my dream of becoming a travel____,which would possibly make my life harder—not to mention____ an animal that would need care during my long absence.____I never gave it a second thought.She had me at the first wag.
Layla was good at conveying her displeasure with her body language every time I____.But her____at my departures was more than compensated for by our reunions.And when I sat to write my____,she would settle herself next to my desk.I would ____to her what I'd written and she would cock her head or wag her tail____.Of course she didn't____what I was writing.But this exercise with her was my means of self-editing.This helped____what I put on the page.Having such a ready and____audience made me a better writer.Giving a____to Layla in this process turned a task into a joy.
I have no words to describe the____that connected me so____to her.Like many old friends,she and I____much over the years,and I'm so____to her.Whatever success I've had as a travel writer,I____large part to her listening and being at my side.
It does not____if she never understood a word I said.She was my travel partner and will____be.
1.A. begin B. apply for C. quit D. look for
2.A. expert B. agent C. guide D. writer
3.A. catching B. adopting C. training D. delivering
4.A. But B. So C. And D. Or
5.A. returned B. cried C. left D. failed
6.A. satisfaction B. disappointment C. astonishment D. embarrassment
7.A. stories B. letters C. papers D. reports
8.A. display B. offer C. read D. perform
9.A. in doubt B. in return C. in relief D. in response
10.A. recognize B. understand C. remember D. appreciate
11.A. shape B. ignore C. support D. introduce
12.A. potential B. creative C. patient D. casual
13.A. voice B. lesson C. hand D. break
14.A. trick B. ownership C. hobby D. bond
15.A. obviously B. closely C. directly D. loosely
16.A. shouldered B. learned C. shared D. suffered
17.A. regretful B. grateful C. respectful D. merciful
18.A. owe B. devote C. leave D. add
19.A. help B. hurt C. work D. matter
20.A. frequently B. sometimes C. usually D. always
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
1.According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A. can help to develop unity
B. indicates a lack of food
C. is a custom unique to rural areas
D. has its roots in birthday celebrations
2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?
A. Trust. B. Togetherness.
C. Health. D. Success.
3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A. analyzing causes B. making comparisons
C. using examples D. describing processes
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. The custom of sharing food.
B. The importance of food in culture.
C. The role of food in ceremonies.
D. The specific meaning of food.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.
Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.
Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.
Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.
Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.
1.According to the passage, sharing bread______.
A. indicates a lack of food
B. can help to develop unity
C. is a custom unique to rural areas
D. has its roots in birthday celebrations
2.What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?
A. Trust. B. Success.
C. Health. D. Togetherness.
3.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.
A. using examples B. making comparisons
C. analyzing causes D. describing processes
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A. The custom of sharing food.
B. The specific meaning of food.
C. The role of food in ceremonies.
D. The importance of food in culture.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析