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Laughter is a universal way to express joy. But as it turns out, your laughter reveals a lot more than the fact that you are happy. It enables listeners, even those that cannot observe you, immediately to realize if you are having a good time with a close friend or laughing politely with a complete stranger.
At least that is the conclusion reached by a team of scientists led by Greg Bryant, an associate professor of Communication Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles. The researchers began by requesting participants from across the globe to send them audio clips(音频片段) of people laughing. The 48 tapes they received ranged from recent recordings of laughter between two college friends to ones from conversations that occurred a decade ago. The clips also had all possible combinations — interactions between friends, strangers, all-male groups, all-female groups, as well as a mix of both genders(性别).
The team then played the short recording, each lasting less than a second, to 966 people spread across 24 different cultures around the world. The listeners ranged from people living in remote areas to those living in some of the world’s most modern cities. To the team’s astonishment, despite the cultural and regional differences, the listeners were able to identify the difference in laughter between friends and strangers, 61% of the time.
The scientists, who published their findings in the Scientific Journal, say that the accuracy was even higher when it came to recordings of only women laughing. The researchers think that this is probably because women are more transparent in expressing their feelings than men.
Bryant says that the results of this cross-cultural examination show that people all over the world perceive laughter in similar ways. As Neuroscientist Carolyn McGettigan at the Royal Holloway University of London puts it, “A laugh among friends is a special sound, no matter where you live!”
1.What can we learn about Greg Bryant’s research?
A. It was based on tapes from 966 people.
B. Its findings were beyond the team’s expectations.
C. It proved that laughter is a universal way to express joy.
D. Most of his findings were published in the Scientific Journal.
2.Why did the listeners identify all-female laughing more accurately?
A. Women are sensitive to interesting things.
B. Women are less likely to hide their feelings.
C. Women prefer to express their joys by laughing.
D. Women are good at communicating with others.
3.What does the underlined word “perceive” probably mean?
A. Understand. B. Receive.
C. Explain. D. Spread.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Smiling is ________universal language and it is one of ________ ways to express friendship.
A．the; / B．a; / C．an; the D．a; the
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
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With so many universities in the world, it is not hard to find your way to a university. But to get a quality education and valuable credentials(证书), you need to think about to attend and make the right choice.1.
Study program
Different universities offer different majors. The career you are interested in should guide you in finding the major. You can choose to go to a university that specializes in a specific area or you can find one that offers the course you are interested in. 2.
Professional trainers
University professors and lectures own different abilities and the best you can do is ensure that the trainers at the university are qualified. If you are trained by an expert in the area, you are more likely to stand out in your area. 3.Only in this way can you get professionally trained.
4.
The tuition fees vary from one university to another and you need to make sure that you can afford the fees in the university you wish to attend. If you are a student with good grades, you may be likely to get a scholarship, so fees won't be a problem for you.
Study duration
This may be determined by the course you want to take and the levels of the university. 5. And the duration may vary from university to university. When choosing a university, you should make sure it is suitable for you.
A．University ranking in the world
B．Financial aspects of the universities
C．Do careful research before you make up your mind.
D．What really matters when you are selecting a university?
E．A Bachelor's degree may take much longer than a Master's degree.
F．Find out as much information about the teacher resources as you can.
G．Therefore, think about what you really want to get from the study at university.
高二英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析
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With no better way to express feelings of love and , it’s easy to see why everyone turns to the flower shop on Mothers’ Day.
A．appreciation B．inspiration C．satisfaction D．ambition
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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With no better way to express feelings of love and _____ , it' s easy to see why students turn to the flower shop on Teachers' Day.
A. glory B. inspiration
C. appreciation D. guidance
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
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Travaling is one of life’s great joys. It’s a way to see the world and learn about places you’ve never been before . _____1.____
The best things can come from the worst experiences
Once, when I was in Sicily, I was cheated by a stranger for a hundred dollars. At first I was astonished._____ 2.___and what I would do if I had it. But what I learned from this about humanity, about the nature of good and evil within people, and how circumstances force them to do bad things showed me a lot about myself and how to deal with misfortune.
___3.__
The cost of a trip may be a couple of thousand dollars, depending on how big you go. But the value it could have on your life and your memories could be priceless. Think about how much you are willing to spend, sure, but also consider what else you want from your vacation, who you want to meet, what kind of experiences you want to have, and how you want to remember it ten years from now.
Don’t follow others’ footsteps and find your own path
___4.__, but I look forward to wandering away from the group, down labyrinthine alleys(迷宫般的小巷), into different shops and neighborhoods, to experience my own understanding of a city and its environment. The same applies to when I come home from my trip.
____5._____
Unavoidably, you will see or hear things worth telling friends about when you return home. After traveling enough, you will have all the practice you need to become a master story-teller.
So keep traveling with these lessons in mind and learn more from your experiences abroad.
A. Plan for the unexpected
B. I spent the entire next day thinking about what I should have done to keep my money
C.Traveling in a guided tour can be informative and fun
D.Traveling is kind of like being in love.
E.Learn how to tell a better story
F. Price and value are two different things
G.Here are some ways to help you make the most of your travel experience.
高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Studies have documented that smiling is a universal and effective way to lift mood. But in the latest research on the power of the smile, researchers led by Marcus Munafo of the University of Bristol in England found that even seeing smiles on the faces of others can have a profound effect on a person's tendency toward violence or aggression — that is, as long as that person recognizes the smile as one of happiness, and not as a sneer (讥笑)．
Munafo and his colleagues conducted a series of experiments involving normal adults and highly aggressive teens referred to a youth program, either by educational authorities or the courts. About 70% of the teens already had a criminal record.
In the first experiment, 40 healthy adults, aged 1830, looked at facial expressions on the computer ranging from happy to angry with increasingly difficult ones to discern in between. Participants were asked how angry they felt and then had to rate the images as displaying either happiness or anger — there was no option for “unclear” or “unable to tell”. From these ratings, the scientists could generate a score of their preference toward happiness or anger.
Previous research found that aggressive people — including violent offenders — tend to consider even a common expression as an unfriendly one. “You looking at me？” can easily turn a simple question into a tragic fight.
Based on their original scores, half of the participants were then told by the computer that some of the unclear faces that they had rated as angry should have been scored as happy. This was intended to guide them toward judging the inbetween faces more positively. The other 20 received feedback that simply proved their first choices, creating a control group.
After this training, both groups were tested again and the group that received the biased (有偏见的) feedback shifted its ratings of unclear faces toward the happy side. Participants were also asked to rate their level of angry feelings again after completing the second round of testing. Those who were trained to consider unclear faces as happier reported feeling less angry afterward.
The researchers next focused on the 46 adolescents from the high risk youth program. These teens completed the same testing, but both the youth and the staff reported on the teens' levels of aggressive behavior before the testing started and for two weeks afterward. The teens trained to interpret unclear facial expressions more positively were significantly less aggressive two weeks later.
“The results of our experiments strongly suggest that the understanding of emotional facial expressions plays a causal role in subjective anger and aggressive behavior，”the authors conclude.
That doesn't mean that smiles alone are the answer to violence among adolescents — previous research in which antisocial youth were trained to better recognize emotions, for example, did not have any effect on their level of aggressive behavior. But this earlier study focused on improving teens' understanding of clear facial signals, not unclear ones. Since unclear signals are more likely to be misunderstood, it may be that violent behavior in some youth exists with their constant misunderstanding of angry expressions where they don't exist, which push them to aggressive responses. The findings suggest that helping young people, particularly those easy to be violent, to learn to give others the benefit of the doubt when they see what they think is a threatening face could help end the vicious (恶性的) cycle of violence.
1.The underlined word “discern” (Paragraph 3) means ________.
A．display obviously B．identify clearly
C．describe correctly D．value properly
2.According to Munafo's research, the anger and violent behavior in some youths resulted from ____.
A．their misunderstanding of facial emotions of others
B．their lack in knowledge of emotion recognition
C．their inborn tendency toward violence or aggression
D．their experience of being offended by others on purpose
3.The method Munafo and his colleagues used in their research is ________.
A．field investigation
B．case study
C．observation and analysis
D．experiment and comparison
4.What happens to the participants after receiving certain feedbacks?
A．They can interpret unclear facial expressions.
B．They put an end to their aggressive behavior.
C．They tend to judge the inbetween faces positively.
D．It makes no difference in their level of aggressive behavior.
5.Which of the following will Munafo and his group probably agree with?
A．Just smile as much as possible.
B．Misunderstanding is the root of violence.
C．Seeing smiles can lower aggression.
D．Control our anger to avoid violence and aggression.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.
Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few possibilities of a commercial return, and Lee’s is one of them.
The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.
Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary (多学科的) team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates will continue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”
1.By “a
one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.A. university researchers know little about the commercial world
B. there is little exchange between industry and academia
C. few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university
D. few university professors are willing to do industrial research
2.The word “deterrent” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.
A. keeps someone from taking action
B. helps to move the traffic
C. attracts people’s attention
D. brings someone a financial burden
3.What was Helen Lee’s major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?
A. Flexible work hours.
B. Her research interests.
C. Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.
D. Prospects of academic accomplishments.
4.Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.
A．do financially more rewarding work
B．raise his status in the academic world
C．enrich his experience in medical research
D．take advantage of better intellectual opportunities
5.What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?
A．Increase its graduates’ competitiveness in the job market
B．Develop its students’ potential in research.
C．Help it to obtain financial support from industry.
D．Adapt its research to practical applications.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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It is easier to go to university than before, but it is more difficult to find a job. Being a student in a agriculture(农业) university, I want to try my luck to hunt for a job. As you know, few people think of an agriculture university, especially one which is not famous. Most graduates from our university can---38---to be treated coldly.
Last year, a from our university attended a talent fair (人才市场) held in Guangzhou. He joined a queue to in his resume (简历) for an interview. When his came and his university was introduced, the interviewer said with a sneer, “What? I’ve never of that university. Go! Next one!” He waved his hand even taking a look at the resume and took no notice of the graduate’s request for a chance to show his skills and knowledge.
How the graduate was! I wonder what these employers(雇主) really want: the name of a famous university knowledge and technology?
It is true that some students from common universities don’t have the same abilities as those from key ones, but that doesn’t that all of us are less able students. We are sure to the employers with our skills if they give us a chance.
1.A. keyB. Usual C. special D. common
2.A. highlyB. lowly C. little D. greatly
3.A. needB. expect C. hope D. wish
4.A. graduateB. teacher C. parent D. professor
5.A. giveB. share C. let D. hand
6.A. timeB. chance C. turn D. interview
7.A. seenB. heard C. listened D. noticed
8.A. withB. up C. without D. away
9.A. disappointedB. amazed C. pleased D. stupid
10.A. soB. and C. but D. or
11.A. adviseB. say C. mean D. translate
12.A. warnB. impress C. show D. encourage
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp
Everyone is forgetful, but as we age(变老), we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. ________1.________ Read on for some techniques worth trying.
1. ________2.________
People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimer's disease (早老性痴呆症), according to a recent study. ________3.________ Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. There's evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.
2. Go for a walk
Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. ________4.________
3. Learn something new
Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. ________5.________ Or go dancing with your friends.
A. Focus on the future.
B. This can be especially harmful to the aged.
C. It should be something like learning gardening.
D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.
E. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events.
F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.
G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.
高二英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.