A “smart drug” taken by students to improve their performance really does work, scientists have found. The drug modafinil is currently used to treat sleep disorder, but it is widely used off-label by students to help them revise for exams or focus on long essays.
Until now, there has been a lack of clear evidence over whether it can actually help concentration and alertness. But a new analysis of the research showed it does improve planning and decision making, flexibility, learning and memory, and even creativity. The findings raise serious ethical(道德的) questions about whether modafinil should be “classified, tolerated or condemned”, scientists said. Professor Guy Goodwin, President of the European College said: “It’s the first real example of a ‘smart drug’, which can really help, for example, with exam preparation.” Previous ethical discussions around smart drugs assumed(假定) major effects of the drugs before it was clear that there were any, he added. He continued “If correct, the latest news means the ethical debate(争论) is real: how should we classify, tolerate or condemn a drug that improves human performance?”
A fifth of university students across the country claim to have taken smart drugs, according to surveys by student newspaper The Tab . And the use of modafinil is most widespread at Oxford University, where a quarter of students have reported to have used it. Over the years, universities have discussed how best to respond to the use of smart drugs, and some have suggested Olympic-style doping tests for students sitting exams.
Professor Goodwin said there should be a society-wide debate on how modafinil should be permitted officially and regulated(管理), as well as what universities should do about its use. He said: “Regulation has been and remains uncertain. We cannot know either if demand for modafinil in the same societies will actually be significant, whether society will be more accepting and how regulation will then be made.”
1.Who are likely to turn to the “smart drug” modafinil ?
A. Children who lack strength.
B. Patients who have a heart disease.
C. Old people who have poor sight.
D. Students who have poor memory.
2.Why does the writer refer to the students of Oxford University?
A. To show smart drugs enjoy popularity among college students.
B. To prove Oxford University students suffer from a heavy load.
C. To tell us smarts drugs use have spread to England.
D. To explain why Oxford University students are clever.
3.What does Professor Goodwin think of “smart drug” modafinil?
A. Our society should accept the use of modafinil.
B. Regulation on modafinil remains to be discussed.
C. Modafinil used as a “smart drug” should be stopped.
D. Regulation on modafinil being used as a “smart drug” is necessary.
4.What is the topic of passage?
A. “Smart drugs” have side effects.
B. A “Smart drug” raises ethical questions.
C. Students can’t go without “smart drugs”.
D. A more effective “smart drags” should be developed.
高一英语阅读理解困难题
A “smart drug” taken by students to improve their performance really does work, scientists have found. The drug modafinil is currently used to treat sleep disorder, but it is widely used off-label by students to help them revise for exams or focus on long essays.
Until now, there has been a lack of clear evidence over whether it can actually help concentration and alertness. But a new analysis of the research showed it does improve planning and decision making, flexibility, learning and memory, and even creativity. The findings raise serious ethical(道德的) questions about whether modafinil should be “classified, tolerated or condemned”, scientists said. Professor Guy Goodwin, President of the European College said: “It’s the first real example of a ‘smart drug’, which can really help, for example, with exam preparation.” Previous ethical discussions around smart drugs assumed(假定) major effects of the drugs before it was clear that there were any, he added. He continued “If correct, the latest news means the ethical debate(争论) is real: how should we classify, tolerate or condemn a drug that improves human performance?”
A fifth of university students across the country claim to have taken smart drugs, according to surveys by student newspaper The Tab . And the use of modafinil is most widespread at Oxford University, where a quarter of students have reported to have used it. Over the years, universities have discussed how best to respond to the use of smart drugs, and some have suggested Olympic-style doping tests for students sitting exams.
Professor Goodwin said there should be a society-wide debate on how modafinil should be permitted officially and regulated(管理), as well as what universities should do about its use. He said: “Regulation has been and remains uncertain. We cannot know either if demand for modafinil in the same societies will actually be significant, whether society will be more accepting and how regulation will then be made.”
1.Who are likely to turn to the “smart drug” modafinil ?
A. Children who lack strength.
B. Patients who have a heart disease.
C. Old people who have poor sight.
D. Students who have poor memory.
2.Why does the writer refer to the students of Oxford University?
A. To show smart drugs enjoy popularity among college students.
B. To prove Oxford University students suffer from a heavy load.
C. To tell us smarts drugs use have spread to England.
D. To explain why Oxford University students are clever.
3.What does Professor Goodwin think of “smart drug” modafinil?
A. Our society should accept the use of modafinil.
B. Regulation on modafinil remains to be discussed.
C. Modafinil used as a “smart drug” should be stopped.
D. Regulation on modafinil being used as a “smart drug” is necessary.
4.What is the topic of passage?
A. “Smart drugs” have side effects.
B. A “Smart drug” raises ethical questions.
C. Students can’t go without “smart drugs”.
D. A more effective “smart drags” should be developed.
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Many students want to know the best ways to improve their learning. Here are a few useful methods.
Focus
One of the best ways to organize your study session is to use the Pomodoro Technique. 1. The idea is to use a timer. Let's say, you set the timer for 20 minutes, and focus only on your studies during that time. You cannot check email, or do anything aside from your task. When the timer goes off, you can reward yourself by listening to some music or having a drink of tea.
Test yourself
When you are studying, you should test yourself often. 2. You can also find all kinds of online tests for many subjects.
Interleaving
3. For example, in one study period you might spend time testing yourself on vocabulary words and then test yourself on grammar. Or, if studying math, you could mix multiplication(乘法) and division(除法)problems. It may be better for long-term learning.
Teaching
Teaching is also a powerful way to learn. 4. Some did not expect to have to teach information, while others did. When they actually teach a lesson, they develop a deeper understanding of the material.
Closing thoughts
You can create your own plan based on what you need to learn. You might organize your study periods with the Pomodoro technique. Then, you can test yourself and interleave different topics. There are many choices. 5.
A.Researchers compared different groups of students.
B.In other words, they only study one topic at a time.
C.This method is a technique that means you mix different topics.
D.All of these techniques can be put together to make a powerful study plan.
E.It is a powerful, but simple method that helps people focus on a task.
F.When you focus and do tasks that are at the right difficulty level, your brain will become tired.
G.If you are using a textbook, then you can do practice questions from the end of each chapter.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
Ever tried taking smart drugs to perform better in exams? They certainly work. Before last summer's exam, a few of my mates, merely out of curiosity, took a considerable amount of Modafinil, a drug normally used for narcolepsy(嗜眠发作症). Guess what? While I was feeling sleepy, bored by revision, my mates were more focused.
Modafinil is a smart drug that gives a user a feeling of staying awake for hours. It also sharpens the mind, improves memory and helps problem-solving.
But it does more than just keeping you awake. It disturbs your mental system, making you desperate to do what you are doing. You just don't want to do anything else but revise all the time non-stop.
A recent study discovers that healthy people use smart drugs, like Modafinil, to get down to and complete tasks they have been putting off, because these tasks seem more enjoyable when taking these drugs. This might sound like what a stressed student desires. However, the pills have a range of side-effects.
"At present no evidence shows that these drugs are safe in healthy people," as a medical expert puts it, "Ordering online, though easy, is a dangerous way to obtain drugs. You never know what you're actually purchasing. "
In my experience, Modafinil changes people's behaviour too. Over those weeks my friends became different people—in turn aggressive, cold. Even eating became "a waste of time" and so did conversation.
A BBC survey found that of those who had tried smart drugs before, 92% would do so again. My friends say they'd happily do so without considering the practice a form of cheating.
I admit I was curious—but not enough to try it. Seeing the strange behaviour of other users, I feel a little bit upset and scary. Modafinil may promise to change your grades, but it might also change the way you act. Don't say you haven't been warned!
1.According to the author, his mates took Modafinil for the purpose of______.
A.escaping from reality B.getting better exam results
C.curing their narcolepsy D.leading an active life
2.Taking the smart drug can lead to ______.
A.cheating in the exam B.dropping out of school
C.youth crime(犯罪) D.drug addiction(上瘾)
3.What does the author think of his mates' taking the smart drugs?
A.Worrying. B.Inspiring.
C.Acceptable. D.Reasonable.
4.Which statement about Modafinil is wrong?
A.Modafinil sharpens the mind and helps problem-solving.
B.Modafinil more than just keeps you awake.
C.Modafinil has a range of side effects.
D.Modafinil is safe in healthy people.
5.Who are the target readers of this passage?
A.Teachers. B.Doctors. C.Scientists. D.Students.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
14.Teachers _____ their knowledge to their students .
A.pass by | B.pass to | C.pass over | D.pass on |
高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
About aspirin (阿司匹林):
Aspirin is a commonly used drug which can be taken to relieve discomfort caused by numerous medical problems including headaches, toothache, inflammation(发炎) and infections. It is also suitable to treat colds and flu-like symptoms(症状), and to reduce a high temperature.
Who can take aspirin?Adults and children over 16 years of age.
Who should not take aspirin?Women who are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Aspirin may harm your unborn baby.
Women who are breast-feeding. Aspirin can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby.People who have any problems with the way the liver works or with the way the kidneys work.
How to take aspirin:Take aspirin after meals, with a full glass of water or milk.
The recommended dose (剂量) ranges from two to three tablets at a time. Never take more than 4g 12 tablets) in any 24 -hour period.You must not take these tablets with any other medicine which contains any aspirin or painkiller.
How to store aspirin:Keep all medicines out of the reach and sight of children.
Store aspirin in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.
Do not put aspirin in the bathroom because the dampness there can cause it to lose its effectiveness.Throw away aspirin that smells strongly of vinegar.
Possible side effects:Feeling sick, increased risk of bleeding, stomach pain, indigestion and heartburn are common. If these effects continue, contact your doctor.Ringing in the ears, difficulty breathing, dizziness, and mental confusion are rare. If these occur, stop taking the drug and contact your doctor for further advice.
1.What type of writing is this text?
A. A hospital announcement. B. A medical report.
C. A doctor’s suggestions list. D. Medical instructions.
2.In which case will you take aspirin according to the text?
A. Stomachache. B. Fever.
C. Breathlessness. D. Nosebleed.
3.How many times can you take aspirin at most in a day?
A. 6. B. 5.
C. 4. D. 3.
4.It can be inferred from the passage that.
A. Adults and children over 12 years old can take aspirin.
B. Store aspirin in a warm, wet place.
C. Aspirin doesn’t harm unborn baby.
D. If any possible side effects continue, contact your doctor.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Digital technology ─ email and smart phones especially ─ have vastly improved workers' ability to be productive outside of a traditional office. Even so, most white-collar work still happens in an office. One reason is that, according to findings of a new survey of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix, most bosses are doubtful about remote working. Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it, and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.
Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced (加深) by the same survey, which shows that 43 percent of workers say they've watched TV or a movie while ‘working’ remotely, while 35 percent have done housework, and 28 percent have cooked dinner.
It is true, however, that working at home makes people much more efficient, because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done. It's much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.
The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven't come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.
More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value. Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.
1.Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working?
A. They have little trust in modern technology.
B. They want to stick to their routine practice.
C. They fear losing control of their workers.
D. They are used to face-to-face communication.
2.What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?
A. Favorable.
B. Doubtful.
C. Reserved.
D. Disapproving.
3.What does the author suggest smart firms do?
A. Shorten their office hours.
B. Give employees a pay rise.
C. Reduce their staff’s workload.
D. Adopt flexible work patterns.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Digital technology—email and smart phones especially—have vastly improved workers' ability to be productive outside of a traditional office. Even so, most white-collar work still happens in an office. One reason is that, according to findings of a new survey of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix, most bosses are doubtful about remote working. Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it, and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.
Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced by the same survey, which shows that 43 percent of workers say they've watched TV or a movie while “working” remotely, while 35 percent have done housework, and 28 percent have cooked dinner.
It is true, however, that working at home makes people much more efficient, because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done. It's much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.
The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven't come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.
More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value. Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently.
1.What does digital technology contribute to?
A.Promoting production. B.Hiring more white-collar workers.
C.Conducting a new research. D.Removing bosses' doubt.
2.What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?
A.Doubtful. B.Favorable.
C.Reserved. D.Disapproving.
3.What does the author suggest smart firms do?
A.Shorten their office hours. B.Give employees a pay raise.
C.Adopt flexible work patterns. D.Reduce their staff’s workload.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
"A photograph that one has taken of oneself,typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website."This is the definition(定义)of the word "selfie" in the Oxford English Dictionary.In fact,it wasn't even in the dictionary until August,2013.It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed(着迷)with selfies—we take them when we try on a new hat,play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven't seen in a while.
But does this obsession actually make sense?Is there any scientific explanation for it?Well,you should probably ask James Kilner,a neuroscientist at University College London.
Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people's faces and facial expressions.In contrast,according to Kilner,we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them—we just feel them most of the time.
This has been proved in previous studies in which participants were shown images of themselves and asked to match their facial expressions in the pictures.In most cases,they failed to accurately produce the same facial expressions without being able to see themselves in the mirror,according to BBC.
To further test how we actually sense our own faces,Kilner carried out another study.He showed people different versions(版本)of their own image—the original which had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive—and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them.Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture.This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better-looking than we actually are.
But what does it say about selfies?Well,isn't that obvious?Selfies give us the power to create a photograph—by taking it from various angles,with different poses,using filters(滤镜)and so on—that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.
"You suddenly have control in a way that you don't have in non-virtual(非虚拟的)interactions,"Kilner told the Canada-based CTA News.Selfies allow you "to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you're happy with", he explained.
1.According to Kilner's studies,it can be learned that we .
A. know about our own faces well
B. tend to recognize our own faces easily
C. become poor at reading others' facial expressions
D. believe we have better images than we actually do
2.What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Selfie. B. This obsession.
C. The history of selfie. D. The rise of selfie.
3.According to Kilner,why do people like taking selfies?
A. It enables them to improve their skill of taking a photograph.
B. It meets their needs to know their own faces better.
C. It makes them possible to reach their expectation.
D. It offers them a way to control the virtual world.
4.What might be the best title of the passage?
A. What Is Selfie
B. Selfie Beautify Yourself
C. How Do People Take Selfies
D. Selfies Improve Your Confidence
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many students ask for advice about improving their English. There are three basic questions.
The first question is about real English. Li Hao from Hubei wrote, “I enjoy watching English films and listening to real English songs. But it takes along time. What do you think?”
This is a great way to learn English! Talk about the film or song with your friends, and guess the meaning of the new words. Just enjoy yourself!
The second question is about speaking. Sam, form Suzhou wrote, “Our school has a foreign teacher. But I’m shy and can’t speak to her. What should I do?”
When I visit China, lots of people in the street say, “Hello! How are you? Where are you from? Do you like China?” These are good questions to start a conversation. Many people are shy when they speak English, so before you begin, takes deep breath and smile! Smiling always helps.
The third question is about vocabulary. Oliver, from Anhui wrote, “ I want to remember all the new words. I write them down, but I forget them quickly. What should I do ?Try to remember eight or ten words a day. Write them on pieces of paper and place them in your bedroom. Say the words when you see them, and change them every day. And when you’re shopping, how about counting the English words, or saying the English names for everything you see?
1.How many basic questions do the students often ask?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
2.What should you do if you are shy to speak English?
A. Watch English films. B. Write down the words first.
C. Listen to real English songs. D. Take a deep breath and smile before you begin.
3.What is Oliver’s problem?
A. He’s too shy to talk with others. B. He’s not able to count English words.
C. He can’t remember new words. D. He doesn’t know what real English.
4.What’s the best title of this passage?
A. How to learn English. B. Talking about English films.
C. Advice about English writing. D. The way of beginning an English conversation.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Our English teacher, as well as all the students, we can only improve our reading by reading widely.
A. agree that B. agrees that C. agrees with what D. agree what
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析