Humans are much worse at estimating risk than we think we are. While we overestimate the risk of rare but disastrous occurrences, such as being attacked by a shark, many of us seriously underestimate the risk of behaviors that reduce our lifespan (寿命), such as smoking.
In fact, there are two types of risks — acute and chronic. Acute risks are those that may kill you immediately, such as a car accident.
Chronic risks don’t kill you immediately but rob you of your life a little at a time. If you choose to eat an unhealthy diet, for instance, you may appear to be getting away with this, but you risk developing illnesses in future that may shorten your life.
The problem is we value things much less when they occur in the future. Distant events are abstract — we don’t know how and when they might affect us -~ so we care less about them.
Take smoking for example. It is just about the worst choice you can make for your health. Every two cigarettes that you smoke takes 30 minutes off your lifespan.
In contrast, eating vegetables is clearly very good for you, with each serve increasing your lifespan by two hours. This is a massive health gain and clearly should be a strong motivator for you to eat healthily.
Drinking coffee is also good for you, though with limited health gains. Each cup of coffee (assuming you drink reasonably), is associated with approximately a ten-minute gain in your lifespan.
Even drinking alcohol may add to your lifespan, with each serve adding 30 minutes to the length of your life. But this health gain is only true for the first drink; following drinks shorten lifespan. Alcohol also causes an acute risk when consumed in excess. Too much drinking gives you a 25 in one million chance of sudden death.
We shouldn’t be too nervous about exposure to risks. Life is all about making decisions about risks and rewards, and we all have a different starting point for what we consider acceptable risks to take. Even if we don’t always make the healthiest decisions, at least we can make ones that are fully informed.
1.Which of the following belongs to acute risks?
A. Eating junk food every day.
B. Being hit in a plane crash.
C. Staying up late every night.
D. Being too much overweight.
2.Why do people often ignore chronic risks?
A. They can often get away with them.
B. They can rid themselves of their side effects.
C. They don’t reduce their lifespan.
D. They will not cause immediate death.
3.Which habit will shorten your lifespan?
A. Eating vegetables every day.
B. Smoking only one cigarette a day.
C. Drinking a cup of coffee every day.
D. Drinking alcohol reasonably.
4.What does the underlined phrase “in excess” in the 8th paragraph mean?
A. At random.
B. In need.
C. More than enough.
D. Ahead of time.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Humans are much worse at estimating risk than we think we are. While we overestimate the risk of rare but disastrous occurrences, such as being attacked by a shark, many of us seriously underestimate the risk of behaviors that reduce our lifespan (寿命), such as smoking.
In fact, there are two types of risks — acute and chronic. Acute risks are those that may kill you immediately, such as a car accident.
Chronic risks don’t kill you immediately but rob you of your life a little at a time. If you choose to eat an unhealthy diet, for instance, you may appear to be getting away with this, but you risk developing illnesses in future that may shorten your life.
The problem is we value things much less when they occur in the future. Distant events are abstract — we don’t know how and when they might affect us -~ so we care less about them.
Take smoking for example. It is just about the worst choice you can make for your health. Every two cigarettes that you smoke takes 30 minutes off your lifespan.
In contrast, eating vegetables is clearly very good for you, with each serve increasing your lifespan by two hours. This is a massive health gain and clearly should be a strong motivator for you to eat healthily.
Drinking coffee is also good for you, though with limited health gains. Each cup of coffee (assuming you drink reasonably), is associated with approximately a ten-minute gain in your lifespan.
Even drinking alcohol may add to your lifespan, with each serve adding 30 minutes to the length of your life. But this health gain is only true for the first drink; following drinks shorten lifespan. Alcohol also causes an acute risk when consumed in excess. Too much drinking gives you a 25 in one million chance of sudden death.
We shouldn’t be too nervous about exposure to risks. Life is all about making decisions about risks and rewards, and we all have a different starting point for what we consider acceptable risks to take. Even if we don’t always make the healthiest decisions, at least we can make ones that are fully informed.
1.Which of the following belongs to acute risks?
A. Eating junk food every day.
B. Being hit in a plane crash.
C. Staying up late every night.
D. Being too much overweight.
2.Why do people often ignore chronic risks?
A. They can often get away with them.
B. They can rid themselves of their side effects.
C. They don’t reduce their lifespan.
D. They will not cause immediate death.
3.Which habit will shorten your lifespan?
A. Eating vegetables every day.
B. Smoking only one cigarette a day.
C. Drinking a cup of coffee every day.
D. Drinking alcohol reasonably.
4.What does the underlined phrase “in excess” in the 8th paragraph mean?
A. At random.
B. In need.
C. More than enough.
D. Ahead of time.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Now, we know that if we do not get enough vitamins, we are at risk of developing a number of diseases. As a result, vitamin supplements（补品），though expensive, are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many people think, medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve health or protect against disease.
In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example, too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors, as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines.
Experts, however, say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent disease. People who know they lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, their body loses its ability to take it from foods. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this vitamin from sunlight.
Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil. It also is in the yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes, carrots and other darkly colored fruits and vegetables contain substances that the body can change into vitamin A. Vitamin B-twelve is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods, like fruits. Vitamin K can be found in pork products.
In fact, for most people, a balanced diet can ensure enough of the vitamins our bodies need. So, it is important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins our bodies need.
1.What is probably talked about before this passage?
A. How many vitamins a person’s body needs.
B. How many vitamins some foods contain.
C. The benefits that vitamins bring to our health.
D. What people should do to stay healthy.
2.Vitamin supplements are popular with people because ________.
A. people mistakenly think that they are good for their health
B. they contain more vitamins than the foods people eat
C. food does not provide enough vitamins people need
D. people fear that a lack of vitamins will lead to disease
3.From the passage, we can learn that medical experts advise people _________.
A. never to take any vitamin supplements
B. to depend only on food for their vitamins
C. not to take any vitamins together with medicines
D. to consult doctors before taking vitamin supplements
4.For people who lack Vitamin B-twelve, they can eat more from _______.
A. sweet potatoes B. green leafy vegetables
C. pork products D. eggs
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Now, we know that if we do not get enough vitamins, we are at risk of developing a number of diseases. As a result, vitamin supplements（补品），though expensive, are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many people think, medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve health or protect against disease.
In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example, too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors, as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines.
Experts, however, do say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent disease. People who know they lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, their body loses its ability to take it from foods. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this vitamin from sunlight.
Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil. It also is in the yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes, carrots and other darkly colored fruits and vegetables contain substances that the body can change into vitamin A. Vitamin B-twelve is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods, like fruits. Vitamin K can be found in pork products.
In fact, for most people, a balanced diet can ensure enough of the vitamins our bodies need. So, it is important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins our bodies need.
1.Vitamin supplements are popular with people because ________.
| A．people mistakenly think that they are good for their health |
| B．they contain more vitamins than the foods people eat |
| C．food does not provide enough vitamins people need |
| D．people fear that a lack of vitamins will lead to disease |
2.From the passage, we can learn that medical experts advise people _________.
| A．never to take any vitamin supplements |
| B．to depend only on food for their vitamins |
| C．not to take any vitamins together with medicines |
| D．to consult doctors before taking vitamin supplements |
3.For people who lack Vitamin B-twelve, they can eat more from _______.
A. sweet potatoes B. pork products C. green leafy vegetables D. eggs
42. What would be the best title of the passage?
A. Getting enough vitamins through a balanced diet.
B. Vitamin supplements do harm to our health.
C. Vitamins are important to our health.
D. Lacking vitamins can cause many diseases.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
—I didn’t do well in physics.
—I did ________ you; so we are half and half.
A. not worse than B. no worse than C. not better than D. no better than网科
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
I think we were ____by the waiter with the restaurant bill. It was much more expensive than I expected.
A. cut off B. ripped off C. knocked off D. set off
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
You may not realize it, but you are doing much more than just studying when you are at school．School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people．But this is not always easy．What can you do if you just don't like one of your classmates?
If you discover that you have problems getting along with your classmates or friends, the most important thing to learn is tolerance．Tolerance is the ability to realize and respect the differences in others．We cannot change the way that other people do, so it is important to learn to live happily with them．
Tolerance will make everyone get on better with each other．Knowing others constantly makes us understand others' differences．
Something different does not exactly mean that it is bad．Tolerance teaches us to keep an even temper and an open mind．
You need to remember an old saying ,“Treat others how you want to be treated．”You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates, so ________. If you tolerate something, it does not mean that you have to like it．No one is asking you to change who you are or what you believe in．Tolerance just means that you should respect the differences in others and not try to make them change．
It is important to practice tolerance, because it will make everyone's life easier．Learn to accept people for their different abilities and interests．The world is very different, and practicing tolerance in your own school and city can help make a difference．
1.What is the passage mainly about?（No more than 10 words）
.
2.Why is it not always easy to get along with people around you?（No more than 10 words）
.
3.Complete the following statement in paragraph 5 with proper words（No more than 3 words）
You would like to be treated kindly by your classmates, so ________.
4.Why is tolerance important to people according to the passage?（No more than 10 words）
.
5.What does “it” refer to in the last paragraph?（No more than 3 words）
.
高二英语其他题简单题查看答案及解析
Scientists estimate that more than 60 percent of cancer deaths in the United States are preventable through lifestyle changes. Although there is no certain way to avoid all cancers, reducing individual risk factors greatly decreases the likelihood of getting many forms of this dangerous disease.
The American Chemical Society estimates that smoking causes nearly 30 percent of all cancer deaths in the United States — that is, about 166,000 cancer deaths each year. All cancer deaths caused by tobacco smoking could be prevented completely by not smoking and not using smokeless tobacco. For those who already smoke, quitting will reduce the risk of developing cancer. Studies show that after about ten years of not smoking, a past smoker’s risk lowers to about the level of those who have never smoked.
After quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet is the best way to lower the risk of cancer. Certain foods have been found to protect against cancer. Among these foods are cabbages, tomatoes, soy products, and foods high in vitamins A, C, and E. In addition, green and possibly black teas contain compounds that protect the body from cancer-causing substance.
To lower cancer risk, diets should include little or no red meat. Other foods to avoid or consume in moderation (适度地) include sugar, fat from animal products, and salt. Added fats and oils should come from vegetables, such as olives or corn, rather than from animal sources. Carbohydrates (碳水化合物) should come from whole grains, such as brown rice and whole wheat bread, rather than from processed foods, such as white rice and white bread.
The risk of cancer of the esophagus (食道) increases with heavy alcohol consumption, and many studies suggest that consuming alcoholic drinks increases the risk of breast cancer as well. Studies show that limiting intake to two drinks a day for men, and one drink per day for women, reduces cancer risk.
Low levels of physical activity have been implicated (牵连) in some cancer. Moderate activity for 30 minutes a day enhances the immune system, shortens the time food takes to move through the intestines (肠), and changes body composition and hormone levels. Researchers are studying how these effects might lower cancer risk.
1.Which of the following is true according to the author?
A. A person drinking tea regularly will not be likely to suffer from cancer.
B. Once a smoker has stopped smoking, there is almost no chance for cancers.
C. A balanced diet is absolutely effective in preventing one from getting cancer.
D. Those having quitted smoking for 10 years and non-smokers have less cancer risk.
2.What kind of people increase their chances of getting cancers?
A. Those whose foods contain less sugar, animal fat, and salt.
B. Those who are not moderate in drinking, smoking or eating.
C. Those who have only one or two drinks regularly per day.
D. Those whose diet contains little red meat and a lot of vegetables.
3.Which do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. The relation between food and disease. B. Causes of different kinds cancers.
C. Tips on lifestyle for cancer prevention. D. Ways to remain more healthy.
4.We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.
A. food’s staying in body too long might have something to do with cancer
B. the reasons why physical activity lowers cancer risk are clear
C. the more you exercise, the lower cancer risk you will take
D. plenty of physical exercise is most important for remaining healthy
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
City people usually think they are a lot smarter than country people. They often laugh at simple country ways. But people do not laugh at country music. It is one of the most popular kinds of music in the United States today.
Perhaps it is so popular because it is about simple but strong human feelings and events—love, sadness, good times and bad times, it tells real life stories and sounds the way people really talk. As life becomes more and more complicated(复杂的), it is good to hear music about ordinary people.
Country music, sometimes called country western, comes from two kinds of music. One is the traditional music of the people in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the West. The singers usually play the guitars, and in the 1920s they started using electric guitars.
At first city people said country music was low-class. It was popular mostly in the South. But during World War Ⅱ, thousands of Southerners went to the Northeast and Midwest to work in the factories. They took their music with them. Soldiers from the rest of the country went to army camps in the South. They learned to like country music. Slowly it became popular all over the country.
Today country music is popular everywhere in the United States and Canada, in small towns and in New York City, among black and white, and among educated and uneducated people. About 1,200 radio stations broadcast country music twenty-four hours a day. People sing it in their languages. The music that started with cowboys and poor farmers is now popular all over the world.
1.People enjoy country music because______.
A. it is about ordinary people B. it is easy to learn
C. it is free of charge D. it is very exciting
2.The fourth paragraph mainly tells us______.
A. why people love country music in the United States
B. when people began to enjoy country music
C. how country music became more and more popular
D. where country music was most popular
3.From the last paragraph we can see that______.
A. all people enjoy country music all over the world
B. country music is well received all over the world
C. rich people love country music best of all
D. black people enjoy country music best of all
4.Which of the following can be used as the best title for this passage?
A. American Country Music
B. Life in the American Country
C. American Cowboys
D. American Radio Stations
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We _____ estimate the spirit of the Shanghai Expo too much, which is sure to play an important role in our daily life.
A. may not B. should not C. must not D. cannot
高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
We must never think that we are good at everything __________ others are good at nothing.
| A．since | B．however | C．while | D．as |
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析