Researchers are now conducting hibernation ex...

Researchers are now conducting hibernation experiments and can use chemicals to put living cells into sleep-like state 　　　　 they don’t age.

A. for which　　 B. that

C. where　　 D. which

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers in over 80 nations are taking part in a project to conduct a decade-long census(统计) of sea life. Scientists presented some of their findings at a recent conference as the project neared its completion.

In deep icy waters under Antarctica, scientists found bulbous tunicates, an underground animal, and many newly-discovered creatures believed to be related to starfish (海星) and other marine(海洋的）creatures.

Elsewhere in the world’s oceans, they have recently discovered many kinds of underwater life forms new to science. It is all part of a research effort called the Census of Marine Life.

“There are about 2,000 scientists worldwide involved,” said Bob Gagosian, President, CEO of the Consortium for Ocean Leadership. Gagosian helps manage the project. “Everywhere they’ve gone they’ve found new things,” he says. “The ocean basically is unexplored from the point of view of marine living things.”

Researchers have placed small markers on hundreds of fish and marine animals to track by satellite their migration(迁移）routes and to discover places where sea life gathers.

According to Ron O’Dor, a senior scientist with the Census of Marine Life, knowledge of life on the ocean floor is especially limited. “90% of all the information we have is from the top hundred meters of the ocean,” O’Dor states.

And he says the sea floor is, on average, at a depth of 4, 000 meters. And so, as some machines dive far below what people have previously seen, scientists are discovering new species of plants, animals and living things.

Since the census project began, more than 5,300 new marine animals have been found. Ocean researchers say they hope to catalogue 230,000 species during the census —which some say is only a small part of all the creatures living in the sea.

1.Why do the researchers place small markers on many marine creatures?

2.From what Ron O’Dor says, we can conclude that ________.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

4.Why does the author write the passage?

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Researchers conducting a study of hospital stays for over two hundred and eighty six thousand older folks found something interesting in their data.

The number of hospitalizations for heart disease and stroke went down significantly among a certain group of people at a certain time of year. What folks, and what time of year, you ask? Flu season and the lucky people were the ones who got flu shots (流感疫苗).

It’s generally recommended that people over fifty get their flu shots every year. Influenza (流行性感冒) is no small thing. it’s responsible for around thirty six thousand deaths a year in the U. S. alone. Getting the shots also cuts down on the chances of get­ting pneumonia (肺炎), which is especially dangerous in seniors.

But what wasn’t known was that there seems to be an added benefit to getting a flu shots in terms of warding off heart problems. The data, in fact, are quite strong in suggesting this is the case.

In this study, flu shots cut clown the number of hospitalizations for heart disease by nineteen percent. Stroke went down sixteen percent one season and a whopping twenty-three percent a second season. These are big results.

So what's the connection between getting a flu shot and having a stronger heart? It isn’t yet known.

Researchers speculate that the flu virus itself may do damage to blood vessels (血管), possibly making clots (血块) more likely. Blood clots in the heart can cause heart attacks, and blood clots in the brain can cause strokes.

Whatever the specific details are, there's one more good reason to follow your doctor’ s advice and get that annual flu shot.

1.According to the study, the number of hospitalizations for heart disease and stroke went down significantly among the ones who _____.

A. got flu shots after they were ill

B. got flu shots before they were ill

C. got flu shots at the flu season

D. got flu shots whenever convenient

2.The benefits of getting flu shots can be listed except that_____.

A. it can cut down on the chances of getting　 pneumonia

B. it can cut down the number　 of hospitalizations for heart disease

C. it can kill the flu virus

D. if can make blood clots

3.The underlined phrase "warding off" probably means_______.

A. keeping away　　　　 B. dealing with

C. setting off　　　　　　 D. picking up

4.According to the passage, we'd better ______.

A. work out to fight against influenza

B. get flu shot every year

C. follow our doctor's all advice

D. protect our blood vessels

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old.

The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the United States. The Gallup(民意调查) Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of eighteen and eighty-five.

The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.

Arthur Stone at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.

Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.

Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.

The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.

The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.

1. What can be the best title of the text?

A. Happiness Varies with Ages

B. Experience More, Worry Less

C. The Older, the Wiser

D. Being Young, Being Happy

2.We can learn from the research that _________.

A. only when people get older will they feel happier

B. stress levels among the youngest are the highest

C. older people tend to be grateful

D. older people usually have no worries

3.According to the research, when people get older, _________.

A. they miss the old days

B. they are physically weak

C. they have better self-control

D. they are more emotional

4.What would the author probably talk about next?

A. What influences happiness.

B. How to live better.

C. How to keep happier.

D. Why women are less happier.

5.The author is intended to _________.

A. advise how to reduce stress

B. introduce a scientific finding

C. describe how to do research

D. talk about human emotions

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of fifty. In fact, they say by the age of eighty-five, people are happier with their life than they were when they were eighteen years old.

Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of twenty-two and twenty-five. The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.

The findings appeared in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.

The researchers considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.

The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.

1.What is the best title of the passage?

A. The older a person is, the more stressed he feels.

B. The more lighthearted a person is, the happier he is.

C. The older a person is, the more clever he grows.

D. The older a person is, the happier he grows.

2.According to the researchers, what is probably the reason why people grow happier when they get older?

A. When people get older, they can’t remember bad experiences.

B. When people get older, they have no young children to care about.

C. When people get older, they learn to adjust their feelings.

D. When people get older, they don’t care about their feelings.

3.What do you think the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences is?

A. A Gallup organization.　　 　　 B. A popular science magazine.

C. A university in New York.　　　 D. A research institution

4.What would the writer probably deal with in next paragraph?

A. Advice to the young people on how to keep happy.

B. Advice to the old people on how to live longer.

C. Why women at all ages are more sad, stressed and worried.

D. Why people will grow happier with their ages.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A recent study conducted by researchers from Canada's Wilfrid Laurier University found that the snakes actively seek out socialization with their peers （同伴），but also they are extremely particular about who they spend time with. However, snakes used to be thought of as solitary animals. They are seldom seen hanging out in groups.

A team of researchers led by Morgan Skinner and Dr. Noam Miller selected 40 non-poisonous garter snakes （袜带蛇）. Ten were purchased from a snake keeper and the rest were caught in the wild. After marking each snake with a spot of color to allow for easy identification, the researchers placed ten snakes inside each of the four plastic shelters.

Skinner photographed each snake group twice a day before removing them from their shelters. After cleaning the areas thoroughly to rid them of any familiar smells, the reptiles were rearranged into different groups, and returned to the enclosure. A camera fixed over the shelters allowed the scientists to track the animals' movements for a total of eight days.

When Skinner and Miller analyzed the images, they found that regardless of where they were placed, the snakes always slipped back to their origin al "friends" forming groups of three or eight inside the small shelters. “They can tell others apart,” Miller said.

Gordon Burghardt, a biologist, says, "The study should help convince people that snakes have more social intelligence than most of us realize."

Miller believes the research could help with snake protection efforts. Endangered snake species relocated to safer habitats often leave these areas. Now, conservationists may be able to avoid that by transferring entire snake groups to the new location. Alternatively, they could also spray （喷洒）the new habitat with the species' smells to make transplants feel at “home."

1.What does the underlined word "solitary" mean in paragraph 1?

A.Causing fear. B.Existing only in small numbers.

C.Causing death or illness. D.Enjoying being alone.

2.What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A.The findings can contribute to snake conservation.

B.Snakes like to spray smells on the trees.

C.Snakes are easy to adapt to new locations.

D.Snakes tend to stay in safer habitats.

3.Which of the following proverbs can be used to describe the findings?

A.Barking dogs don't bite. B.The early bird catches worms.

C.Things of one kind come together. D.A friend in need is a friend in deed.

4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A.Entertainment. B.Science.

C.Education. D.Health.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a serious environmental problem. The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant decreases in the population of several species.

Some of the first evidence of the problem came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological Lab have been observing marmot (旱獭) hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots wake up about a month earlier.

At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. Chipmunks (花鼠) in the US and some snakes in Australia also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals. The chipmunks and snakes, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter.

The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures' metabolism (新陈代谢). When the animals hibernate, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals' heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake in the spring, their metabolism returns to normal.

But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to grow. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.

Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. For many biologists, that's a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said, “I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species.”

1. What is the viewpoint of the writer?

A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.

B. Waking up early in spring may lead to the extinction of some animals.

C. Shortened hibernation will definitely decrease the population of animals.

D. Animals which do not hibernate die of starvation.

2.The writer sets the example of the marmot in order to 　 .

A. indicate that global warming influences animals' hibernation

B. explain that the weather gets warmer and warmer now

C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different

D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather

3.Judging from recent observation, which of the following animals suffered the LEAST from shortened hibernation?

A. Brown bears.

B. Marmots.

C. Some snakes in Australia.

D. Chipmunks in the US.

4.Why can't marmots find enough food when they wake up?

A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.

B. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.

C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.

D. Because plants haven't received enough sunlight for spring growth.

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a serious environmental problem. The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant decreases in the population of several species.

Some of the first evidence of the problem came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological Lab have been observing marmot (旱獭) hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots wake up about a month earlier.

At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. Chipmunks (花鼠) in the US and some snakes in Australia also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing many individuals. The chipmunks and snakes, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation during the winter.

The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures' metabolism (新陈代谢). When the animals hibernate, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals' heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake in the spring, their metabolism returns to normal.

But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have got the amount of sun they need to grow. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.

Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. For many biologists, that's a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said, “I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species.”

1.What is the viewpoint of the writer?

A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.

B. Waking up early in spring may lead to the extinction of some animals.

C. Shortened hibernation will definitely decrease the population of animals.

D. Animals which do not hibernate die of starvation.

2.The writer sets the example of the marmot in order to 　 .

A. indicate that global warming influences animals' hibernation

B. explain that the weather gets warmer and warmer now

C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different

D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather

3.Judging from recent observation, which of the following animals suffered the LEAST from shortened hibernation?

A. Brown bears.

B. Marmots.

C. Some snakes in Australia.

D. Chipmunks in the US.

4.Why can't marmots find enough food when they wake up?

A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.

B. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.

C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.

D. Because plants haven't received enough sunlight for spring growth.

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.

Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, 1. will help people forget bad memories. The pill is 2.(design)to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or 3. (possible) erase (抹去) the effect of painful memories.

In November, experts tested a drug on people in the U.S. and France. The drug stops the body from 4. (release) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far, the research 5. (suggest) that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that memories are wiped out. They are not sure to the degree people’s memories are affected.

The research has caused a great deal of 6. (argue). Some think it is 7. bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills which prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer 8. terrible memories. 9., those who are against the research say that maybe the pills can change people’s memories and changing memories is very10. (danger) because memories give us our identity.

高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

American researchers have discovered that human brains and sleep patterns are confused by devices(装置) that give out bright lights. Electronics, such as laptops, mislead our minds into thinking that it is still daytime, preventing sleep and increasing the risk of insomnia.

Sleep experts say human's natural body clock begins to rest and relax from the day between 9 and 10 pm but the use of computers confuses it.

A person's brain biologically becomes awake when the sun is out because bright light after dark causes the brain to stop producing the hormone (荷尔蒙) called melatonin that makes us sleepy.

Researchers say blue light from devices such as iPads, which is expected to become a popular reading tool when it comes out later this month, is particularly disruptive (干扰的)during the night when the brain thinks it should be dark.

Experts say a good book is a far better way of resting the brain and ensuring a good night's sleep because the bedside lamp(灯) light doesn't affect the brain as it does not look straight into a person's eyes.

“Potentially, yes, if you're using an iPad or a laptop close to bedtime... that light can be stimulating (刺激) to the brain to make it more awake and delay your ability to sleep，” Phyllis Zee, a professor at Northwestern University and director of the school's Centre for Sleep & Circadian Biology, told CNN.

“And I think more importantly, it could also be enough to affect your circadian (昼夜节律的) rhythm. This is the clock in your brain that determines when you sleep and when you wake up. ”

Alon Avidan, associate director of the Sleep Disorders Center at the University of California Los Angeles, added, “I wish people would just take a boring book — an old­fashioned book — and read by a lamp.”

1.The underlined word “insomnia” in the first paragraph probably means “________”．

A．being unable to eat properly

B．brain injury

C．being unable to fall sleep

D．lack of energy

2.Melatonin is the hormone that ________.

A．makes us sleepy

B．helps us relaxed

C．prevents us from waking up

D．makes us excited

3.The bedside lamp light doesn't affect the brain because ________.

A．it doesn't give out blue light

B．it's not as bright as your laptop

C．it doesn't enter your eyes directly

D．it is adjustable

4.We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A．one who uses his laptop often before bedtime can have his body clock disturbed

B．using a laptop before bedtime is more harmful than using an iPad

C．we'd better not do anything before going to bed

D．the best time to go to bed is before 9 pm

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析