International experts meeting in Australia sa...

International experts meeting in Australia say global carbon emissions (排放) can be reduced by more than 50 percent through simple energy saving measures. People at a conference in Australia, which increasingly relies on coal for power, say that reducing power consumption is an affordable way to both cut energy costs and reduce pollution.

While many nations turn to cheap and dirty energy sources, such as coal, to meet their increasing energy needs, analysts in Australia say the best way to meet those needs is to improve energy efficiency.

A range of simple solutions include using energy-efficient homes, household appliances and lighting, and driving electric cars. Encouraging homeowners and office workers to switch off their televisions and computers at the end of the day is also seen as an effective way to save electricity.

Grayson Heffner, from the Paris-based International Energy Agency, says reducing consumption could greatly cut global carbon emissions. He calls efficiency strategies (策略) the “soft giant” of clean energy.

“We forecast that energy efficiency will deliver something like three-quarters of the greenhouse gas emissions reductions over the next 20 years. So in the short term energy efficiency is the main way that we reduce greenhouse gas emissions but oftentimes it is not so importantly stressed in the discussions,” said Heffner.

Energy experts working in China say the government is making significant cuts in power usage.

Wan Xingwang, a Beijing-based representative of the Energy Foundation, a U.S. non-government organization, says the results have been impressive.

“In the past five years China achieved about 19.1 percent of energy reduction of its GDP. That translates to something like more than 600 million tons of coal savings,” said Wan Xingwang.

While most nations have some sort of government-sponsored energy efficiency programs, energy analysts say initiatives (主动性) by individuals and companies can also help cut demand.

Steven Nadel, executive director of the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, a non-profit group based in Washington, says other developing nations are recognizing the benefits of cutting power consumption and taking action.

1.To increase their energy supplies, many nations _____________________.

A．turn to new energy                      B．turn to cheap energy

C．develop solar energy                    D．introduce clean energy

2.Which of the following cannot help to reduce energy consumption effectively?

A．Using electronic products in small size.

B．Using more electric cars.

C．Turning off computers after work.

D．Building energy-efficient houses.

3.What can we learn from what Grayson Heffner said?

A．75% of the greenhouse gas emissions can easily be cut in the next 20 years.

B．Ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions should be discussed.

C．Using clean energy is the strategy to cut global carbon emissions.

D．The key to reducing greenhouse gases in the short term is to improve energy efficiency.

4.According to the last two paragraphs, which of the following statements is true?

A．The programs reducing energy consumption shouldn’t be sponsored by individuals and companies.

B．All nations have government-sponsored energy efficiency programs.

C．It is time that all nations should combine their efforts to save energy.

D．Some developing nations are taking action to cut power consumption.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Experts ______ the international community to fight cancer aggressively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.

A. obey                B. urge

C. operate            D. appoint

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Experts say it is an international trend to __________ MP2.5 to check air quality.

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many experts are calling the growing problem of global waste a worldwide health crisis in since pollution from trash is not only harming the world’s oceans, air and soil but also endangering people’s health as well as the livelihood of all living creatures.

Reduce, reuse, recycle

Such a dilemma raises the question, is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is. 1.One example of this is what’s often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle. Reducing the use of plastic containers as well as reusing and recycling bottles and cans decreases the amount of garbage being sent to landfills. As a result, less money is spent on waste management, and countries’ financial burdens are significantly relieved. Such positive effects on an economy are known as a circular economy.

Circular economy

Traditionally, manufacturers would make a product to be used and disposed of by consumers. This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste. 2..

Once a product’s value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufacturers. The outcome is less waste. One large-scale example of this is happening on the island of Taiwan.

3.

In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4-in-1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund. Residents separate their recyclable waste. The local government collection teams collect it.4.. Importers and manufacturers who are responsible for the recyclable products pay a fee into the Recycling Fund. The Recycling Fund is an essential aspect of the program used to subsidize (补贴) the recycling disposal system, support education and research and development as well as finance recycling efforts in the future.

Turning garbage into gold

By following a circular system, more products than ever are being manufactured using recycled materials. Environmentally-friendly decisions like these help to conserve natural resources, reduce pollution, save landfill space and even create new job opportunities. 5..

A.Practices in Taiwan

B.4-in-1 Recycling Program

C.Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold

D.Living a zero-waste lifestyle is the way to go

E.Alternatively, a circular economy was introduced

F.The recyclable waste is recycled in many local factories

G.Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits

高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Food experts say washing could spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchen sink or nearby food. But it's been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing(冲洗）off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria.

The do-not-wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn't caught on because it goes against the common belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safety expert at North Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important.

But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs from poultry can be spread even if it's not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.

The USDA-funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E. coli(大肠杆菌）and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are_other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys:melting and cooking.

To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren't out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.

1.People don't accept USDA 's advice because__________

A.the advice is relatively new.

B.cooks clean the turkey before cooking it.

C.heat can kill most. germs and no one eats raw food.

D.cleaning seems more trustworthy.

2.What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?

A.Germs from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not.

B.Food packages carry germs.

C.Hands and surfaces are easy to get E. coli.

D.Multiple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.

3.Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?

A.Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.

B.Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.

C.Use a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.

D.Wash hands and packages before taking out the turkey.

4.From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?

A.Cooking.

B.Technology.

C.Medicine

D.Science.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

"Children should not be left unsupervised (无人监督的) to play with a dog." say experts in this week's British Medical Journal. Their advice is part of a review aimed at doctors who deal with dog bites.

"Dog bites and maulings are a worldwide problem, particularly in children." write Marina Morgan and John Palmer. Every year 250,000 people who have been bitten by dogs attend minor injuries and emergency units in the United Kingdom, and half of all children are reportedly bitten by dogs at some time, boys more than girls.

Accurate death figures are difficult to obtain, but in the past five years, two to three cases a year have made news headlines.

Based on the latest medical evidence, they advise doctors how to examine and treat a patient presenting with a dog bite. They discuss the risk of infection and when to refer to specialist care. For travelers bitten abroad, they suggest assessing the risk of rabies(狂犬病).

In terms of prevention, they suggest that children should be taught to treat dogs with respect, avoid direct eye contact, and not tease them. They should be taught not to approach an unfamiliar dog; play with any dog unless under close supervision; run or scream in the presence of a dog; pet a dog without first letting it sniff you; or disturb a dog that is eating, sleeping, or caring for its babies.

"Dog owners also need to change their behavior", says Rachel Besser, a children's doctor and lifetime dog owner, in an article.

"It is clear that not all dog owners appreciate that children should not be left unsupervised with a dog", she says. Just as some parents are obliged to take parenting classes, she would like to see compulsive classes for expectant dog owners to teach them about the responsibilities of dog ownership. Educational programs are also needed to teach children about some precautionary （预防的) behaviors around dogs.

Finally, she would like to see animal doctors advising dog owners about bite prevention, and doctors promoting bite prevention when treating patients who have been bitten by dogs.

1.Dog biting is a problem which _____.

2.The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 4 refers to "________" .

A. doctors         B. parents            C. experts            D dog owners

3.To avoid dog bites, a child should be taught to_____.

4.What are Rachel Besser's words mainly about?

5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

The reason ______ Tom came to attend the meeting was ______ he was an expert in this field.

A. why; that　　　　 B. why; whether　　 C. that; why　　　 D. why; because

高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Experts say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. “There are three stages of culture shock,” say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.

　There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems---the telephone, post office, or transportation---may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.

　Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity.

　They have to build a new self-image.

　Culture shock gives rises to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.

1. When people move to a new country, they _________.

A. will get used to their new surroundings with difficulty

B. have well prepared for the new surroundings

C. will get used to the culture of the country quickly

D. will never be familiar with culture of the country

2.According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except __________.

A. language communication              B. weather conditions and customs

C. public service systems                D. homesickness

3.When people are homesick, they tend to ________.

A. find some people to talk to             B. go outside to have a walk

C. visit their friends far away             D. stay indoors all the time

4.The writer tells us that the best way to overcome culture shock is to _______.

A. protect ourselves from unfamiliar environment    B. develop a strange sense of self-protection

C. get familiar with new culture                  D. return to our own country

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Australia has promised to introduce the most comprehensive （全面的） carbon trading program outside Europe in 2010. The government in Canberra plans to cut greenhouse gas emissions (排放) by at least five percent by 2020, but it could make bigger reductions if other countries agree to tougher targets.

The Australian government warns that without tough environmental measures the country could lose key industries and jobs. Climate Change Minister Penny Wong says the economy is under threat and decisive action is needed.

Central to the government’s climate change plan is a carbon emissions trading program that will be introduced within two years. It would involve one thousand of the nation’s biggest companies and would cover about three-quarters of Australia’s greenhouse gas emissions.

Many scientists believe that greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, contribute to global warming. Many of them are released by burning fuels such as coal and oil.

Companies will be required to buy permits for each ton of carbon they emit, although big polluting exporters will receive up to 90 percent of their carbon licenses free.

Many business leaders want the government to delay the plan because of the current global financial crisis, which is slowing the Australian economy. Peter Anderson from the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry says it is irresponsible to bring in a carbon trading plan now.

Environmentalists, on the other hand, say Prime Minister Kevin Rudd has not properly addressed the threat of climate change. Activists had sought a minimum emissions cut of 25 percent.

Instead, the Rudd government aims to cuts carbon emissions by at least five percent of 2000 levels by 2020. That amount could rise to 15 percent, if future global agreements set such a target.

Ray Nias of the environmental group WWF says Australia will pay the price for low targets. “This is a deeply, deeply disappointing target,” Nias said. “It commits Australia to long-term climate change. It will make Australia’s ability to negotiate (协商) global agreements very, very difficult. It is much lower than even we had imagined.”

Australia has one of the highest per-person greenhouse emissions rates in the world because of its reliance on coal for electricity.

Some scientists warn that the vast, dry Australian continent, which has been suffering a series of droughts in recent years, could be one of the region’s hardest hit by global warming.

1.Which group supports to cut carbon emissions by at least 25%?

A. Environmentalists.                B. The government.

C. Business leaders.                D. Scientists.

2.Who most probably agrees to a higher goal of carbon emissions?

A. Penny Wong.                        B. Peter Anderson.

C. Kevin Rudd.                        D. Ray Nias.

3.Many business leaders are against the Australian program because ________.

A. they believe the program will only benefit the big companies

B. they believe the program will cause the global warming

C. they don’t want to pay extra money for carbon emissions

D. they don’t think carbon emission will surely cause the global warming

4.The underlined sentence means ________.

A. The Australian government will be blamed for the low target

B. Australia will suffer a lot from climate change caused by carbon emissions

C. The Australian government will have to spend lots of money on carbon emissions

D. Many Australian companies will close down because of the low target

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

English is an important global language, but that doesn’t mean it’s easy to learn. Many experts have tried to make English easier for students to learn―but they weren’t always successful.

In 1930, Professor CK Ogden of Cambridge University invented Basic English. It had only 850 words (and just eighteen verbs) and Ogden said most people could learn it in just thirty hours. The problem was that people who learned Basic English could write and say simple messages, but they couldn’t understand the answers in “real” English! It was also impossible to explain a word if it wasn’t in the Basic English word list. For example, if you wanted a watermelon, you asked for “a large green fruit with the form of an egg, which has a sweet red inside and a good taste”!

RE Zachrisson, a university professor in Sweden, decided that the biggest problem for learners of English was spelling, so he invented a language called Anglic. Anglic was similar to English, but with much simpler spelling. “Father” became “faadher”, “new” became “nue’ and “years” became “yeerz”. Unfortunately for some students of English, Anglic never became popular.

Even easier is the language which ships’ captains use: it’s called “Seaspeak”. Seaspeak uses a few simple phrases for every possible situation. In Seaspeak, for example, you don’t say, “I’m sorry what did you say?” or “I didn’t understand, can you repeat that?” It’s just “Say again.” No more grammar!

In the age of international communication through the Internet who knows? ... a new form of English might appear. A large number of the world’s e-mails are in English and include examples of “NetLingo” like OIC (Oh, I see) and TTYL (Talk to you later). In another fifty years, English might not exist ... we will probably all speak fluent Internetish!

1.The best title for the passage would be ______.

A. Seaspeak　　 　 B. Basic English　　 　　

C. Internetish　　　　 D. Easy English　　 　

2.It will take a person about ______ weeks to learn Basic English if he spends two hours

learning it every day.

A. six　　　　　　　 B. four　　　　　　　　　　 C. two　　　　　　　　 D. three

3.According to Professor Zachrisson, what was the biggest problem for learners of English?

A. Grammar.　　　 B. Vocabulary.　　　　 　　

C. Speaking.　　 　　　 D. Spelling.　　

4.Which of the following is likely to be Anglic?

A. IOU　　 　　　　 　　　　 B. A graet batl. 　　　　

C. Long time no see.　 D. Two five, no lights.

5.What might happen to English in another fifty years?

A. It might be replaced by Internetish.

B. It might become a global language.

C. It might take the place of all other languages.

D. It might become more and more difficult.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析