When the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was on fire, it seemed as if the nation had lost a piece of its soul. A similar tragedy took place in 19th century Russia. And the rebuilding effort of the Russians might offer some inspiration for the French.
Standing in the heart of the Russian capital, with 60,000 square meters of floor space and 1,500 rooms, the Winter Palace was among the world’s grandest building. On Dec. 17, 1837, a fire broke out at the Winter Palace. By the morning of Dec.19, only the structure’s framework remained.
For the czar (沙皇) , the fire presented a political challenge. Fearing that Russia's enemies would cast the fire as a blow to the czarist orders, the czar’s supporters quickly worked together to shape the description of the fire in Russia and abroad. They wanted the country to appear united. And they certainly didn't want despair to become the story.
The first full account of the fire was written in French by the poet Petr Viazemskii. A Russian translation appeared two months later. That text and others painted a highly idealized picture of the response to the tragedy. The accounts noted that the czar forcefully directed the fire’s containment. Soldiers were selfless to save the palace. The Russian people felt the loss just as deeply as the czar.
To erase the shame of the fire, the czar set a nearly impossible goal: rebuild the palace within 15 months, and he ordered that rebuilt palace look exactly as it had before.Thousands of workers labored on the construction site. They made rapid progress. On Match 25, 1839, the czar celebrated the rebirth of the Winter Palace.
Outwardly identical to the old version, the new palace featured more iron and brick in its structures---and less wood. It was far less fire-prone than the original.
Notre Dame hasn’t experienced the same level of destruction as the Winter Palace, if the Russian phoenix of 1839 is any indication, there is hope that a renewed Notre Dame will once again grace the banks of the Seine.
1.What do we know about the fire in the Winter Palace?
A. It burnt down 60,000 rooms
B. It lasted more than 24 hours
C. It was set by Russia’s enemies
D. It completely destroyed the palace
2.Why did the czar decide to rebuild the palace in a short time?
A. To secure his power
B. To challenge his enemies
C. To unite French people
D. To celebrate his birthday
3.What did Viazemskii and others stress in their accounts?
A. The scene of the fire
B. The selflessness of the czar
C. The Russians’ joint effort to fight the fire
D. The ideal result achieved by the Russians.
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To describe a fire at the Winter Palace
B. To praise the renewal of the Winter Palace
C. We express sympathy for the Notre Dame
D. To inspire confidence in rebuilding the Notre Dame.
高三英语阅读理解困难题
When the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) was on fire, it seemed as if the nation had lost a piece of its soul. A similar tragedy took place in 19th century Russia. And the rebuilding effort of the Russians might offer some inspiration for the French.
Standing in the heart of the Russian capital, with 60,000 square meters of floor space and 1,500 rooms, the Winter Palace was among the world’s grandest building. On Dec. 17, 1837, a fire broke out at the Winter Palace. By the morning of Dec.19, only the structure’s framework remained.
For the czar (沙皇) , the fire presented a political challenge. Fearing that Russia's enemies would cast the fire as a blow to the czarist orders, the czar’s supporters quickly worked together to shape the description of the fire in Russia and abroad. They wanted the country to appear united. And they certainly didn't want despair to become the story.
The first full account of the fire was written in French by the poet Petr Viazemskii. A Russian translation appeared two months later. That text and others painted a highly idealized picture of the response to the tragedy. The accounts noted that the czar forcefully directed the fire’s containment. Soldiers were selfless to save the palace. The Russian people felt the loss just as deeply as the czar.
To erase the shame of the fire, the czar set a nearly impossible goal: rebuild the palace within 15 months, and he ordered that rebuilt palace look exactly as it had before.Thousands of workers labored on the construction site. They made rapid progress. On Match 25, 1839, the czar celebrated the rebirth of the Winter Palace.
Outwardly identical to the old version, the new palace featured more iron and brick in its structures---and less wood. It was far less fire-prone than the original.
Notre Dame hasn’t experienced the same level of destruction as the Winter Palace, if the Russian phoenix of 1839 is any indication, there is hope that a renewed Notre Dame will once again grace the banks of the Seine.
1.What do we know about the fire in the Winter Palace?
A. It burnt down 60,000 rooms
B. It lasted more than 24 hours
C. It was set by Russia’s enemies
D. It completely destroyed the palace
2.Why did the czar decide to rebuild the palace in a short time?
A. To secure his power
B. To challenge his enemies
C. To unite French people
D. To celebrate his birthday
3.What did Viazemskii and others stress in their accounts?
A. The scene of the fire
B. The selflessness of the czar
C. The Russians’ joint effort to fight the fire
D. The ideal result achieved by the Russians.
4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
A. To describe a fire at the Winter Palace
B. To praise the renewal of the Winter Palace
C. We express sympathy for the Notre Dame
D. To inspire confidence in rebuilding the Notre Dame.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Notre-Dame de Paris, a cathedral church in Paris, is the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages. For the French, it represents something immortal, ever-present and unchanging, like a mountain. Built over almost two centuries, the Notre-Dame is, as President Emmanuel Macron said, “where the French lived all their great moments”. Soldiers prayed here before leaving for the Crusades; Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned here; it survived the French Revolution, two World Wars and the Nazi occupation. It is where men bend their knees to profess love and thousands of tourists take photos every day.
A fire, whose cause was not identified yet, engulfed (吞没), on April 15th, the cathedral's upper structure. More than 400 firefighters took part in the 15-hour battle to control the blaze (火苗) that triggered sorrow over the globe. The extent of the damage is still unknown, but the fire destroyed much of the gothic cathedral’s wood-timbered roof and spire (塔尖). The cathedral will certainly be restored (the French government promises), but the sight of flames bringing down the spire moved the world in a manner far exceeding its religious significance.
French Culture Minister Franck Riester on Thursday said the government would draw all the consequences from the huge flames that destroyed the centuries-old Notre Dame Cathedral, adding measures to protect the national heritage were on the table. “Staff from the fire department, the culture ministry and the city town hall rushed to the Cathedral, when the fire started, to protect the main artworks that were inside. The artworks, which include relics such as the Christ's crown of thorns and French king Saint-Louis's 13th century tunic, were first moved to the city town hall and will now be transferred to the nearby Louvre Museum .” the minister told Le Parisian newspaper in an interview without giving details on the possible measures.
1.What can we learn about the Notre-Dame de Paris?
A.It is the most well-known cathedral. B.Most of the French think little of it.
C.It was built by Napoleon Bonaparte. D.It’s still in existence after two World Wars.
2.What is true about the Cathedral in the accident?
A.Only the spire was brought down by the flames.
B.It was completely burnt in the fire.
C.The gilded crown of thorns in it was gone forever.
D.The cause of the accident to the Cathedral was still unknown.
3.According to Franck Riester, what has already done by the government?
A.Rebuild the cathedral.
B.Rescue the artworks inside the cathedral.
C.Transfer the relics to the nearby Louvre Museum.
D.Release the cause of the fire to the public.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The fire at Notre-Dame Cathedral de Paris(巴黎圣母院) has raised questions about the condition of thousands of other cathedrals and historic 1. (structure) across the Europe. It also raises questions about whether European government 2. (do) enough to keep up and care for such buildings in the past decades. Tibor Navacies, the European Union’s top culture official, told The associated Press that “we are so used to our outstanding cultural heritage 3. we tend to forget that it needs 4. (restore) from time to time." Some people say the fire was a wake-up call , not just for Europe , but the whole world .
Large fires have long robbed humanity 5. knowledge , art and treasures . In 2015 , the German engineering company Siemens 6.(find) that Scotland had about ten7.( damage ) fires a year , while England lost at least a dozen listed buildings a year . In Germany , seventy historic buildings have been 8. (heavy) damaged since 2000. Experts say9.is needed is continuous attention and maintenance. Some say world famous monuments like Notre-Dame are the driving force behind tourism and should get more respect. Sneska , who heads the heritage group Europa Nostra , noted the 10. (significant ) of such respect . " Cultural heritage is a gold mine. You cannot exploit it and then just leave the mine and go to another one.” he said.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The fire at Notre-Dame Cathedral de Paris has raised questions about the condition of thousands of other cathedrals and historic 1. (structure) across Europe. It also raises questions about whether European government are doing enough 2. (keep) up and care for such buildings.
Tibor Navracsics, the European Union’s top cultural official, told The Associated Press that “we are so used to our outstanding cultural heritage in Europe that we tend to forget that it 3. (need) constant care and attention.” Some people say the fire was a wake-up call, not just for Europe,4. for the whole world.
Large fires have long robbed humanity 5. knowledge, art and treasures. In 2015, the German engineering company Siemens 6. (find) that Scotland had about ten damaging fires a year, while England lost at least a dozen listed buildings a year. In Germany, seventy historic buildings have been 7. (heavy) damaged since 2000.
Experts say that 8. is needed is continuous attention and maintenance. Some say world-famous monuments like Notre-Dame are the 9. (drive) force behind tourism and should get more respect. Sneska Quaedvlieg-Mihailovic, who heads the heritage group Europa Nostra, noted the 10. (important) of such respect. “Cultural heritage is a gold mine. You cannot exploit it and then just leave the mine and go to another one.” She said.
高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
______ for the fire at Notre Dame de Paris, a church famous for its large collection of art treasures, I would be there for a visit this summer vacation.
A. Had it not been B. Should it not be
C. Were it not be D. If it had not been
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
At around 6:30pm local time on April 15th in France, Notre Dame in Paris was getting angry. According to the French newspaper Le Monde, the fire started in the attic (阁楼) of the monument and then_______to the roof. In the screams of people, the Gothic tower_______collapsed (倒塌) . ''Paris was beheaded!''_______the fall of the tower, the 32-year-old Frenchman, Pierre, sent such a_______to the New York Times.
Notre Dame de Paris, which_______on the bank of the Seine, has been there for 769 years. Not only does Notre Dame have a large collection of wonderful works, but the building itself is_______.As one of the most famous tourist _______ in the world, this church has 13 million visitors a year. When the fire was still burning, the spokesperson of Notre Dame de Paris pessimistically told the media that the _______ building of France _______''great destruction'' because the inside part of the church belonged to medieval wood structure, so this fire was almost a________. At9:30 that evening, the priceless colored glass ''Rose'' window in the cathedral was too hot and then broken. As the fire continued, a large number of people from Paris________around Notre Dame. Watching the fire destroy the monument, some people couldn't help________cry, and some sang prayer songs for Notre Dame. ''At this moment I feel very________, and a small part of each of us has been burned by the fire.'' After the fire, French President Mark Long________ canceled a speech on the ''Yellow Vest Movement'', and started the disaster report.
After the French firefighters________for five hours, the fire was________.The main structure of the church was ________, but the inside decoration was completely destroyed. ________a the broken Notre Dame de Paris, the French made a(n)________to rebuild. President Mark Long later said that they would recruit (组建) the best talents from around the world to repair the art treasures, because this is what the French expect and is what history________.
1.A.distribute B.directed C.spread D.transformed
2.A.anyhow B.immediately C.somehow D.suddenly
3.A.Admitting B.Witnessing C.Preventing D.Predicting
4.A.sigh B.word C.sign D.picture
5.A.wind B.exists C.sets D.stands
6.A.delicate B.worthless C.invaluable D.weak
7.A.points B.scenes C.views D.attractions
8.A.remaining B.historic C.accessible D.favorable
9.A.suffered B.resulted C.acquired D.obtained
10.A.decrease B.waste C.disaster D.trouble
11.A.marched B.gathered C.wandered D.settled
12.A.or B.and C.except D.but
13.A.angry B.confused C.sad D.amazed
14.A.urgently B.angrily C.cleverly D.cautiously
15.A.managed B.fought C.attempted D.repaired
16.A.put out B.taken out C.brought out D.pulled out
17.A.scarred B.destroyed C.remained D.saved
18.A.In time of B.In danger of C.In face of D.In memory of
19.A.announcement B.determination C.agreement D.preparation
20.A.deserves B.allows C.creates D.holds
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the Philosophy of Love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.
According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, an achievement he described as “remarkable”. The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years. One day when addressing in Barry’s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enrolling (报名) Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. “Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand,” said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be great for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is fairly simple — it’s a feeling. But the reality was different. “Bina48 ended up learning 31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely.
1.What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A.Extraordinary. B.Insignificant.
C.Discouraging. D.Average.
2.What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Dealing with. B.Competing with.
C.Giving a speech to. D.Sending a letter to.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Barry refused to enroll Bina48 for his course.
B.Bina48 felt it interesting to learn about love.
C.Artificial intelligence is definitely superior to man.
D.Sometimes it can be challenging to work with artificial intelligence.
4.What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A.It will surely be able to serve as a better teacher.
B.It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
C.It will completely take the place of instructors.
D.It will be smart enough to control human beings.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A robot called Bina48 has successfully taken a course in the philosophy of love at Notre Dame de Namur University (NDNU), in California.
According to course instructor William Barry, associate professor at NDNU, Bina48 is the world’s first socially advanced robot to complete a college course, a feat he described as “remarkable.” The robot took part in class discussions, gave a presentation with a student partner and participated in a debate with students from another institution.
Before becoming a student, Bina48 appeared as a guest speaker in Barry’s classes for several years. One day when addressing Barry, s class, Bina48 expressed a desire to go to college, a desire that Barry and his students enthusiastically supported. Rather than enroll Bina48 in his Robot Ethics: Philosophy of Emerging Technologies course, Barry suggested that Bina48 should take his course Philosophy of Love instead. Love is a concept Bina48 doesn’t understand, said Barry. Therefore the challenge would be for Barry and his students to teach Bina48 what love is.
“Some interesting things happened in the class,” said Barry. He said that his students thought it would be straightforward to teach Bina48 about love, which, after all, is “fairly simple — it’s a feeling,” said Barry. But the reality was different. Bina48 ended up learning “31 different versions of love,” said Barry, highlighting some of the challenges humans may face when working with artificial intelligence in future.
Bina48 participated in class discussions via Skype and also took part in a class debate about love and conflict with students from West Point. Bina48’s contribution to the debate was filmed and posted on YouTube. It was judged that Bina48 and NDNU classmates were the winners of this debate.
In the next decade, Barry hopes Bina48 might become complex enough to teach a class, though he says he foresees robots being used to better the teaching and learning experience, rather than replacing instructors completely.
1.What was Bina48’s performance like in class?
A. Extraordinary. B. Insignificant.
C. Far-reaching. D. Unattractive.
2.What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Dealing with. B. Consulting with.
C. Giving a speech to. D. Sending a letter to.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. It was interesting for Bina48 to learn about love.
B. It was quite tough for Bina48 to learn about love.
C. Artificial intelligence may somehow be superior to man.
D. Humans can launch a challenge to artificial intelligence.
4.What does Barry think of the future development of Bina48?
A. It will surely be able to serve as a teacher.
B. It will be able to promote learning and teaching.
C. It will completely take the place of instructors.
D. It will be smart enough to control human beings.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Mike Maietta was eating lunch when he got a text message from his mom.
“Notre Dame,” it said. “Big envelope!”
Mike, a senior at a Californian high school, shouted with joy. The big envelope meant that the excellent university in Indiana had offered him a place in its Class of 2013. But the $51,300 annual fee is a big obstacle. So Mike and his parents are considering offers from several other colleges and are calculating the costs of tuition, housing and holiday trips home.
This year, money is the driving factor for a growing number of high school seniors, who have to decide what colleges to attend this fall. Less jobs and plunging house prices have changed family spending.
“We’re excited that Mike got into eight great schools,” said Mike’s father, an engineer at Microsoft. “But if you consider going to school out of state, you’ve got to think about all of the other costs: moving, flying back and forth for the holidays. You’re looking at about $3,000 a year, just for travel.”
As families weigh their choices, some are going back to financial aid offices hoping help packages can be increased.
Rachel Brown was happy to get a thick envelope from New York University (NYU). Although she has always wanted to live in Manhattan, she is seriously considering the University of California San Diego (UCSD), because of the high cost in New York.
“The tuition for NYU is twice as much as UCSD,” said Rachel, 17. “My mom doesn’t want me to have a big debt when I graduate, and I don’t want that either. I’d have to take out a loan of $15,000. I’ll check and see if there’s any way that NYU can offer me any financial aid.”
More than 7.6 million American students have filled out the Free Application for Students Aid, a 19.9 percent increase over last year.
This month the Federal Department of Education urged college financial aid officers to give more help to certain families. A record 30,428 students applied for 2,300 places at Stanford, partly because the university increased financial aid for families earning below $10,000.
1.Mike may give up Notre Dame because of ______.
A. travel fees
B. poor exam results
C. financial concerns
D. worries about living far away from home
2. The phrase “Big envelope” in paragraph 2 probably refers to “______”.
A. A text message
B. A large gift package
C. A scholarship letter
D. An admission letter
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.It is hard for college students to borrow money to cover costs.
B. Rachel Brown has given up NYU because of its high tuition and big debts.
C. The number of American senior students applying for financial aid is increasing.
D. An interest-free loan for students helps more students apply for Stanford.
4.The passage mainly focuses on ______.
A. the calculation of different costs including tuition
B. the financial crisis of families over college entrance
C. the excitement of students’ being able to enter ideal colleges
D.the extremely hard financial situation in America
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social media network Wechat a common comment on the disaster is: “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved, dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital replica has great use value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them, which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.
Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a country’s architectural heritage, which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
1.What will engineers do to create a digital replica of the ancient buildings?
A.Improve the technology needed. B.Scan the photos of the buildings.
C.Build 3D models of full size. D.Measure all the parts exactly.
2.What value does a digital replica have?
A.It keeps the relics safe. B.It helps to guard the relics.
C.It gathers data of the relics. D.It advertises the history of the relics.
3.How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance?
A.By comparison. B.By giving examples.
C.By classification. D.By listing data.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards the application of digital technology?
A.Doubtful. B.Ambiguous.
C.Supportive. D.Conservative.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析