Health experts are calling for action to increase cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer actively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer kills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺结核) and malaria (疟疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the writers of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.
1.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries
B. What should we do in preventing and treating cancer?
C. What makes the first killer in developing countries?
D. Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer.
2.Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that ________.
A. many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer
B. there is not enough medicine for cancer there
C. many Mexican women can’t afford medical care
D. patients with breast cancer are treated differently
3.From what Felicia Knaul says, we can draw the conclusion that ________.
A. breast cancer is a great threat to young women
B. people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer
C. breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico
D. patients can be treated effectively in developing countries
4.Who plays an important part in preventing the cancer in developing countries?
A. The cancer patients. B. The health experts.
C. Community health workers. D. Young women.
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The number of cancer cases is decreasing.
B. HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa.
C. Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year.
D. It is very expensive to treat cancer.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Health experts are calling for action to increase cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer actively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer kills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺结核) and malaria (疟疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the writers of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.
1.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries
B. What should we do in preventing and treating cancer?
C. What makes the first killer in developing countries?
D. Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer.
2.Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that ________.
A. many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer
B. there is not enough medicine for cancer there
C. many Mexican women can’t afford medical care
D. patients with breast cancer are treated differently
3.From what Felicia Knaul says, we can draw the conclusion that ________.
A. breast cancer is a great threat to young women
B. people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer
C. breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico
D. patients can be treated effectively in developing countries
4.Who plays an important part in preventing the cancer in developing countries?
A. The cancer patients. B. The health experts.
C. Community health workers. D. Young women.
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The number of cancer cases is decreasing.
B. HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa.
C. Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year.
D. It is very expensive to treat cancer.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Here's a new warning from health experts：sitting is deadly. Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for long periods, even if you exercise regularly, could be bad for your health. And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place—in the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV. Just the overall number of hours it takes counts. Several studies suggest people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die.
While health officials have issued (发布) guidelines advising on the least amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated position.
“After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send harmful signals，” said EkblomBak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences. She explained that genes controlling the amount of glucose (葡萄糖) and fat in the body start to shut down.
Even for people who exercise, spending long periods of time sitting at a desk is still harmful. Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day but still spend a lot of time sitting might get more benefits if that exercise were spread across the day, rather than in a single hour.
Still in a study that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat more had a higher death risk, whether they exercised or not.
Experts said more research is needed to figure out just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects.
“People should keep exercising because that has a lot of benefits，” EkblomBak said. “And when they're in the office, they should try to interrupt sitting as often as possible. ”
1.The underlined word “offset” in Paragraph 6 most probably means “________”．
A. turn to B. work out
C. get rid of D. make use of
2.Sitting too much is dangerous because it can ______.
A. make a person unable to exercise enough in a day
B. destroy the balance of glucose and fat the body
C. increase glucose and fat in the body
D. make a person become lazy
3.In the opinion of EkblomBak, when at work, you'd better have a rest by ________.
A. sending your friends emails
B. taking a walk around your office
C. chatting online or playing computer games
D. listening to music while sitting
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A. Side Effects of Sitting Too Much
B. Don't Sit Too Much While Working
C. More and More People Sit Too Much
D. Sitting Too Much Could Be Dangerous
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many experts are calling the growing problem of global waste a worldwide health crisis in since pollution from trash is not only harming the world’s oceans, air and soil but also endangering people’s health as well as the livelihood of all living creatures.
Reduce, reuse, recycle
Such a dilemma raises the question, is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is. 1.One example of this is what’s often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle. Reducing the use of plastic containers as well as reusing and recycling bottles and cans decreases the amount of garbage being sent to landfills. As a result, less money is spent on waste management, and countries’ financial burdens are significantly relieved. Such positive effects on an economy are known as a circular economy.
Circular economy
Traditionally, manufacturers would make a product to be used and disposed of by consumers. This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste. 2..
Once a product’s value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufacturers. The outcome is less waste. One large-scale example of this is happening on the island of Taiwan.
3.
In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4-in-1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund. Residents separate their recyclable waste. The local government collection teams collect it.4.. Importers and manufacturers who are responsible for the recyclable products pay a fee into the Recycling Fund. The Recycling Fund is an essential aspect of the program used to subsidize (补贴) the recycling disposal system, support education and research and development as well as finance recycling efforts in the future.
Turning garbage into gold
By following a circular system, more products than ever are being manufactured using recycled materials. Environmentally-friendly decisions like these help to conserve natural resources, reduce pollution, save landfill space and even create new job opportunities. 5..
A.Practices in Taiwan
B.4-in-1 Recycling Program
C.Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold
D.Living a zero-waste lifestyle is the way to go
E.Alternatively, a circular economy was introduced
F.The recyclable waste is recycled in many local factories
G.Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits
高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
The United Nations Environment Program is calling for urgent action to reduce growing risks from chemicals. Better management of chemicals could save millions of lives and billions of dollars. As estimated, 143,000 chemicals are now produced. Yet the report says only a small number of these chemicals have been studied for their effects on human health and the environment. It says death and disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.
Sylvie Lemmet, director of the UNEP, says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost. For example, she says the cost is higher than the amount of overseas development aid, or ODA, for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.
She says, “If you look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide (杀虫剂) in sub-Saharan Africa, only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion US dollars in 2009. This is higher than the total ODA that is going to the health part in the same area.”
The UNEP estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around three percent a year until 2050. Chemical production is moving quickly from developed to developing countries. By 2020, chemical production is expected to increase by 40 percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America. One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticide and fertilizer. Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement (水泥) and textiles (纺织品), and dioxin pollution from mining.
The UN report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together to develop safety policies. It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.
1.The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that ______.
A.chemicals have a high production cost
B.Africa needs more development aid
C.the use of pesticide causes a great loss
D.the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide is incorrect
2.Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text?
A.Pesticide. B.Fertilizer.
C.Heavy metals. D.Minerals.
3.According to the text, what is the main reason for the risks from chemicals?
A.The mass production of cement and textiles.
B.Lack of research funds on chemicals.
C.Poor management of chemicals.
D.Contradictions between chemical producers and governments.
4.What would be the best title for the text?
A.The truth in Sylvie Lemmet’s comments
B.A UN warning about chemical dangers
C.The unpredictable future of chemical industry
D.Preventing is much better than fixing
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Learn to cure cancer
A vaccine for cancer is in the works.
Lauren Landry and Chloe Tomblin are the scientists. They look in freezers(冰柜) for bacteria to use in the research. This research has its limitations—mostly because their lab is in a high school.
But Lauren, 16, and Chloe,17 both students are Western Reserve Academy in the US, aren’t put off by the difficulties they face in their cancer immunology(免疫学) class.
“I hope we get to the point where we can get to a vaccine and write a paper,” Lauren said.
Both conduct research into how to engage the immune system in stopping cancer from forming.
Though the lab is in a high school, they don’t use textbooks. The aim is to conduct real cancer research, either by testing the effects of substances on cancer cells or developing vaccines to target the growth of those harmful cells.
The idea for the class came from Robert Aguilar, who has taught at the private school for many years. Students spend the first year learning research techniques. In the second year, students swap(调换) their blue lab coats for white ones. By this stage they are well into their research projects.
“If first-years need any help, they can feel free to ask second-year students,” Aguilar said.
Students form groups to conduct their research. One pair of students has researched the effect of capsaicin(辣椒素) on killing cancer cells. Another has tested the effect of caffeine(咖啡因) on the growth rate of breast cancer(乳腺癌) cells.
But few students get to the point in their research of experimentation with mice, Aguilar said. Lauren and Chloe hope that they can make decent progress in their work.
“We know they’re going to be used for good,” Lauren said. “If it does or doesn’t work, it still has a huge impact.”
Aguilar teaches the students that even research that doesn’t work still contributes to science in some way. He tells students that “the best part of research is failing a lot”.
1.What do Laudry and Tomblin do in their research?
A. They use capsaicin to kill harmful cancer cells.
B. They try to develop vaccines that can fight cancer cells.
C. They study the effects of caffeine on breast cancer cells.
D. They tested the effects of male mice eating cells.
2.What do we know about the cancer immunology class?
A. Only talented students can take it.
B. Students do not do their own research projects in this class.
C. It equips students with knowledge and practical research skills.
D. It asks students to start research with experiments on mice.
3.What does Aguilar mean in the last paragraph?
A. Research that doesn’t work is still useful.
B. The students’ projects will often fail.
C. Most students can’t accept failure in their research.
D. Teamwork is the key to successful projects.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The “Give It Up for Earth Day” encourages people to commit to giving up actions that are harmful to the environment, such as using poisonous cleaners.
Throughout the month of April, Canadians are being asked to “Give It Up for Earth Day！” Earth Day has been celebrated every year on April 22 since 1970. Earth Day Canada president Jed Goldberg says that as people become more environmentally aware, they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.
“Earth Day is a great launching_pad for thinking about environmental action every day，” said Goldberg. “Choosing healthier options, even for the short term, can lead to thinking about the influence of our decisions for a lifetime.”
That's the reason behind the “Give It Up for Earth Day” campaign. It's designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet. It challenges everyone to help create a healthier world by making changes in their daily routine.
“We wanted to plan an actiontargeted campaign that will give people a chance to act on their concern for the environment in a positive way，” said Goldberg.
The campaign has identified four daily actions that can add up to huge environmental savings. They include pledging (保证) to turn off the TV, give up the use of poisonous cleaners, reduce consumption of consumer products and cut out meat.
At the end of April, all of the pledges will be recorded and converted (转化) into the number of TV hours not watched, dollars not spent on unnecessary items, electricity saved, greenhouse gas emissions (排放) avoided by cutting out meat, and poisonous chemicals produced from homes and landfills.
“What we're trying to achieve this year for Earth Day is to give people a chance to do something that is meaningful and measurable，” said Goldberg.
1.The aim of the campaign mentioned in the passage is to ________.
A. enable people to save more money for future use
B. help people develop environmentally friendly habits
C. prevent people from making changes in their daily routine
D. warn people against reducing consumption of consumer products
2.The underlined word “launching pad” (in Paragraph 3) probably means “________”．
A. starting point B. finishing line
C. exchanging stage D. reforming stage
3.We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A. Earth Day was first celebrated over half a century ago
B. short term decisions will by no means influence our lives
C. Earth Day Canada is actually an everyday environmental action
D. daily actions must be measured to benefit the environment
4.Which disagrees with the spirit of “Give It Up for Earth Day”？
A. Switching off TV.
B. Riding bikes.
C. Using poisonous cleaners.
D. Saving electricity.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Experts ______ the international community to fight cancer aggressively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
A. obey B. urge
C. operate D. appoint
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Japanese couples, too busy for a normal social life, are increasingly turning to actors to play their friends on the most important days of their lives.
Several agencies have sprung up(涌现)offering actors to attend weddings or even funerals.The first guest-for-hire company was established about nine years ago and around 10 agencies now send out dozens of pretend friends to family events.
Agencies such as Hagemashi Tai, which means “I want to cheer you up”, charge around ￡100 for each “guest”. Other services such as giving a speech in praise of a bride or the groom cost extra.
The appearance of the small fake friends industry has been linked to social and economic changes in Japan.With lifetime employment (终身雇佣制)a thing of the past, couples feel uncomfortable about inviting work colleagues to their wedding.Increasingly busy and put upon, many Japanese surround themselves with only a very small circle of friends.
When they marry, however, they are under pressure to match the number of their new partner’s wedding guests.
Office Agents, the largest provider of pretend friends, makes sure that its employees have done their homework and know all about the bride or groom before the wedding.
Hiroshi Mizutani, the company’s founder, said the fake friends he provides must look happy, be well dressed and look like people with good jobs.
1.Why did fake friends industry come into being in Japan?
A．Because of social and economic changes B．Because of lifetime employment
C．Because of normal social life D．Because of work pressure
2.Pretend friends will be present at the following occasions except ________.
A．weddings B．funerals C．work D．family gathering
3.The agents make sure that ________.
A．fake friends have done their housework B．fake friends have good jobs
C．fake friends must look happy and be well dressed D．fake friends feel uncomfortable
4.What is the best title of this passage?
A．Japanese Couples are Under Pressure to Get Married B．Japanese Couples’ Social Life
C．The First Guest-for-hire Company in Japan D．Japanese Couples Rely on Fake Friends
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Coffee experts are willing to pay large sums of money for high-quality coffee beans. The high-end beans, such as Kona or Blue Mountain, are known to cost extraordinary sums of money. Then there is Kopi Lowak (translated as “Civet Coffee”), the world’s most expensive coffee, which sells for as much as US $50 per quarter-pound.
This isn’t particularly surprising, because approximately 500 pounds a year of Kopi Lowak make up the entire world supply. What is surprising is why this particular coffee is so rare. In fact, it’s not the plants that are rare. It’s the civet droppings. That’s right, the civet droppings—the body waste of the palm civet. Coffee beans aren’t Kopi Lowak until they’ve been digested(消化) and come out in the body waste of the palm civet.
Palm civets are tree-dwelling, raccoon-like little animals, native to Southeast Asia and the Indonesian islands. They also have a love for coffee cherries. According to Kopi Lowak suppliers, palm civets eat the fruit whole, but only digest the outer fruit, leaving the beans intact(完好无损). While the beans are not destroyed, they undergo a transformation in the animal’s body. A chemical substance in the digestive system of the palm civet causes some changes to the beans to give them a unique flavor(味道). However, this is not the only explanation why coffee beans retrieved from civet droppings have a special flavor all their own. Another possible reason is that palm civets have an unfailing instinct for picking the coffee cherries at the peak of their ripeness.
Kopi Lowak is reported to have a character in taste unlike any other coffee, complex with caramel undertones and an earthy flavor. Currently, most of the world’s supply of Kopi Lowak is sold in Japan, though a few US markets are also starting to stock up on Kopi Lowak.
1.What does “This” in the second paragraph refer to?
A. Civet Coffee. B. Blue Mountain coffee.
C. The high price of Kopi Lowak. D. The unique taste of Kona.
2.Why is Kopi Lowak expensive?
A. There is a very limited supply of the beans.
B. The coffee trees that grow the beans are scarce.
C. It takes a long time for the coffee beans to ripen.
D. Only a few experts know how to produce the beans.
3.What is the main point discussed in the third paragraph?
A. Why palm civets like the coffee beans.
B. Where Kopi Lowak is mainly harvested.
C. What chemicals are found in the civet’s digestive system.
D. How palm civets change coffee fruit to Kopi Lowak beans.
4.Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?
A. Little palm civets eat only the outer layer of the coffee cherries.
B. Palm civets somehow know the right time when the coffee fruit ripens.
C. Kopi Lowak is most popular in Southeast Asia and the Indonesian islands.
D. Kona and Blue Mountain are the most expensive coffees but only of average quality.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
1.You have grown up and you need to take r_________ for your actions.
2.There are strong _________(辩论) for and against mercy killing.
3.I am afraid you’ll have to be _________ on for you heart trouble.
4.I’ll come on _________ that my parents are invited, too.
5.Hundreds of football fans _________(排队) up to be among the first to view the famous star.
6.How long does it take to get through the _________(海关)?
7.After two _________(十年) of hard work, he finally succeeded in his business.
高二英语单词拼写中等难度题查看答案及解析