The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing (引证) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays against funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem (自尊). The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation (自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think of positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking.
1.The first paragraph is written _________.
A. to raise an argument about positive thinking
B. to introduce the power of positive thinking
C. to encourage people to have positive thoughts
D. to introduce the $11 billion self-help industry
2.According to the study of the Canadian researchers, _________.
A. positive thinking is not as powerful as negative thinking
B. encouraging positive thinking may actually discourage people
C. happy people can think positively while unhappy people can’t
D. getting people to think positively can strengthen their confidence
3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. You are pointing out the mistakes he has made.
B. You are reminding him that he is not intelligent.
C. You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
D. You are showing he has great potential in spite of faults.
4.We can learn from the last paragraph that _________.
A. negative feelings must be got rid of
B. there’s no point in thinking positively
C. it doesn’t make sense to think negatively
D. negative thinking is not always negative
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?
Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.
The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing (引证) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is slow to learn that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays against funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.
In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-esteem (自尊). The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”
Those with low self-esteem didn’t feel better after the forced self-affirmation (自我肯定). In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think of positive thoughts.
The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic viewpoint. Call it the power of negative thinking.
1.The first paragraph is written _________.
A. to raise an argument about positive thinking
B. to introduce the power of positive thinking
C. to encourage people to have positive thoughts
D. to introduce the $11 billion self-help industry
2.According to the study of the Canadian researchers, _________.
A. positive thinking is not as powerful as negative thinking
B. encouraging positive thinking may actually discourage people
C. happy people can think positively while unhappy people can’t
D. getting people to think positively can strengthen their confidence
3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. You are pointing out the mistakes he has made.
B. You are reminding him that he is not intelligent.
C. You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.
D. You are showing he has great potential in spite of faults.
4.We can learn from the last paragraph that _________.
A. negative feelings must be got rid of
B. there’s no point in thinking positively
C. it doesn’t make sense to think negatively
D. negative thinking is not always negative
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
An entire industry has been built upon the assumption that image is everything, but when it comes to it, an appealing image is not enough.If there is no substance(事实)behind the image, the product, service or person will fail eventually.
First of all, one should consider how important image is in the selling of products and services.Advertising agencies have raised the art of creating an image to a state of near perfection.Public concept of that product or service is certainly managed by the images created by the advertising agencies.But if the product or service does not live up to the image that was created, the customer will be very dissatisfied and possibly ask for their money back.For example, the Arthur Andersen accounting firm had spent decades building up an image of trustworthiness.But the recent scandal(丑闻)showed that behind that image, it cheated in business practices.Despite the previous positive image, the firm is being accused of criminal actions and it will probably not survive as a business unit.Although the image had been nearly perfect, the reality, behind the image has led to the downfall of the word-famous accounting firm.
Similarly, personal advisers can build up a public image for politicians and movie stars.Putting out positive news releases, making sure that only the best photographs are published, and ensuring that the person is seen in all the right places can build up a very positive image in the view of the general commons.But once again, history is filled with examples of both politicians and movie stars that fell from grace like the story of the Hollywood actor giving in to the pressures of fame and fortune.With people, just as with products and services, image is certainly important, but without positive substance behind the image, failure is close.
To summarize, it is clear that an appealing image is extremely important to success, whether that image is related to selling a product or service or to the “selling” of a person.But image is only half of the equation(等式).What lies behind that image is every bit as important as the image itself—the person or product must deliver truth on that image or there is little chance for long-term success.
1.The down fall of the Arthur Andersen accounting firm is due to ________.
A.its previous images. B.its dishonesty in business.
C.its bad management. D.its poor service.
2.Why did some famous people fall from grace?
A.They failed to live up to their images.
B.Their images were not well built up.
C.They felt much pressure from the public.
D.They paid little attention to fame and fortune.
3.The structure of the passage is _________.
A:Argument P:Point C.Conclusion
4.The author tries to argue that ________.
A.image creates everything.
B.image is the key to success.
C.truth is unlikely ever to be equaled.
D.truth and image are equally important.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is ______ pity that the industrial cities built in ______ nineteenth century don’t attract visitors.
A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Copernicus’s theory is now the basis ______ all our ideas of the universe are built.
A.to which | B.on which | C.for which | D.by which |
高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom?
A.that | B.what | C.as | D.which |
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Carlos Gardel was born on Dec. 11, 1890, just at the right time. The recording and film industries were jus starting to impact the world. Carlos had good looks and a pleasant voice. His death occurred at the peak of his career and popularity in a tragic accident.
Carlos Gardel was the first great singer of tango and to this day remains an icon (崇拜对象) in Argentina, Uruguay and much of the world. As a result of his important role in tango, there are three countries that claim him as their own: France, Uruguay and Argentina.
Carlos’s mother, Berthe, was an unmarried mother and his father did not recognize him. His mother took Carlos to Buenos Aires in 1893. They lived in a poor part of town and Carlos spent his time in the streets; he dropped out of school in 1906 at the age of 15 and started singing in bars.
For the next few years, Carlos toured the clubs and theaters of Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. His most constant singing partner was Jose Razzano, a folk singer Carlos had met earlier during a singing match. In 1915, after playing in a club in Brazil, Carlos was shot in the left lung, where the bullet stayed for the rest of his life. “Mi Noche Triste” was the hit song that sent Carlos skyrocketing in popularity. It became the first recorded vocal tango and the public was grabbed by the recording of the song. Carlos and Rozzano spent the next years touring through Latin America. In 1923, they left the continent and struck out for Europe. In 1935, Carlos decided to go on tour through the Caribbean and northern South America. On June 24, a plane he was a passenger in was hit by another plane on the runway. Everyone on board was killed.
Carlos may be gone, but he is far from forgotten.
6. The passage was mainly written to ______.
A. show us the history of tango B. introduce the first singer of tango
C. teach us how tango developed D. advertise a tango class
7. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. Carlos lived a poor life with his mother in Buenos Aires
B. Carlos had only been to France, Uruguay and Argentina
C. Carlos died at the age of 54.
D. Carlos was born when the film industry began to fail
8. What’s the RIGHT time order of the following events?
a. Carlos toured through Latin America.
b. Carlos was shot after playing in a club in Brazil.
c. Carlos toured the clubs and theaters of Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.
d. Carlos moved to Buenos Aires.
A. cbad B. dcba C. cabd D. dcab
9. The underlined word “grabbed” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by _____.
A. lied B. frightened C. cheated D. attracted
10. Which of the following statements about Carlos in NOT true?
A. His singing partner Jose was his brother.
B. He is an important figure in the world of tango.
C. His father did not recognize him
D. He died in a plane accident.
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can’t clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
1.The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce .
A. the progress made in car industry B. the importance of investing in car industry
C. a trend of development in agriculture D. a special feature of agriculture
2.What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2?
A. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones.
B. Loans to small local farmers are necessary.
C. Technology is vital for agricultural development.
D. Competition between small and big farms is fierce.
3.What is the difficulty for those new farmers?
A. To gain more financial aid. B. To hire good farm managers.
C. To have farms of their own. D. To win old farmers’ support.
4.What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy?
A. Invest more to improve technology. B. Expand farmland conservation.
C. Become members of NYFC. D. Seek support beyond NYFC.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
It is a pity that the industrial cities _____ in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.
A.to be built B.having built C.being built D.built
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th- to 15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th- to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (Fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1.Where is the National Gallery?
A.on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London.
B.on the south side of Trafalgar Square in London.
C.on the west side of Trafalgar Square in London.
D.on the east side of Trafalgar Square in London.
2.In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?
A.The 13th. B.The 17th. C.The 18th. D.The 20th.
3.Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?
A.In the East Wing. B.In the main West Wing.
C.In the Sainsbury Wing. D.In the North Wing.
4.Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?
A.Piccadilly Circus B.Leicester Square C.Embankment D.Charing Cross
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1.In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings?
A.The 20th B.The 17th
C.The 18th D.The 13th
2.Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown?
A.In the East Wing. B.In the main West Wing.
C.In the Sainsbury Wing. D.In the North Wing.
3.Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery?
A.Charing Cross. B.Leicester Square.
C.Embankment. D.Piccadilly Circus.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析