Loneliness is like a disease, and what's worse, it's contagious.It can spread from one person to another, according to the recent research that stresses the power of one person's emotions to affect even people he doesn’t know.
The new analysis, involving 4,793 people who were interviewed every two years between 2005 and 2015, showed that a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness by the time of the next interview.A friend of that person was 25% more likely, and a friend of a friend of a friend was 15% more likely.
“Loneliness is not just the property of an individual.It can be transmitted across people—even people you don't have direct contact with,” said John T.Cacioppo, a psychologist of the University of Chicago who led the study published in the December issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
Loneliness has been linked to medical problems, including depression, sleep problems and generally poorer physical health.Identifying some of the causes could help reduce the emotion and improve health, experts said.
Although the study did not examine how loneliness spreads, Cacioppo said another research has provided clues.“Let's say for whatever reason you get lonely.You then interact with other people in a more negative fashion.That puts them in a negative mood and makes them more likely to interact with other people in a negative fashion and they minimize their social ties and become lonely,” Cacioppo said.
According to Cacioppo, loneliness spread more easily among women than men, perhaps because women were more likely to express emotions.
Lonely people become less and less trusting others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them.Therefore, it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.Cacioppo emphasizes people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
1. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ______.
A. Loneliness is actually a kind of disease.
B. More and more people are suffering from loneliness.
C. Loneliness spreads in social networks.
D. Emotions are only transmitted between friends.
2.According to Cacioppo, lonely people________.
A. will probably be deserted by society
B. are more likely to trust others
C. are less likely to be rejected by friends
D. rely heavily on others
3.The word “minimize” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. increase B. keep
C. create D. reduce
4.Which should lonely people do to get rid of loneliness?
A. Refuse the help given by others.
B. Admit and try to solve it.
C. Interact with others more negatively.
D. Express emotions more often.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Loneliness is like a disease, and what's worse, it's contagious.It can spread from one person to another, according to the recent research that stresses the power of one person's emotions to affect even people he doesn’t know.
The new analysis, involving 4,793 people who were interviewed every two years between 2005 and 2015, showed that a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness by the time of the next interview.A friend of that person was 25% more likely, and a friend of a friend of a friend was 15% more likely.
“Loneliness is not just the property of an individual.It can be transmitted across people—even people you don't have direct contact with,” said John T.Cacioppo, a psychologist of the University of Chicago who led the study published in the December issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.
Loneliness has been linked to medical problems, including depression, sleep problems and generally poorer physical health.Identifying some of the causes could help reduce the emotion and improve health, experts said.
Although the study did not examine how loneliness spreads, Cacioppo said another research has provided clues.“Let's say for whatever reason you get lonely.You then interact with other people in a more negative fashion.That puts them in a negative mood and makes them more likely to interact with other people in a negative fashion and they minimize their social ties and become lonely,” Cacioppo said.
According to Cacioppo, loneliness spread more easily among women than men, perhaps because women were more likely to express emotions.
Lonely people become less and less trusting others.This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends-and more likely that society will reject them.Therefore, it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness.Cacioppo emphasizes people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
1. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ______.
A. Loneliness is actually a kind of disease.
B. More and more people are suffering from loneliness.
C. Loneliness spreads in social networks.
D. Emotions are only transmitted between friends.
2.According to Cacioppo, lonely people________.
A. will probably be deserted by society
B. are more likely to trust others
C. are less likely to be rejected by friends
D. rely heavily on others
3.The word “minimize” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. increase B. keep
C. create D. reduce
4.Which should lonely people do to get rid of loneliness?
A. Refuse the help given by others.
B. Admit and try to solve it.
C. Interact with others more negatively.
D. Express emotions more often.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It’s said that the food supplies in that flood-stricken area have __________ and what is worse, the patience of the poor people there is _______.
A.run out; using up B.been run out; used up
C.been used up; running out D.used up; being run out
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Loneliness hurts. It is psychologically distressing and so physically unhealthy that being lonely increases the likelihood of an earlier death by 26 percent. But psychologists think it hurts so much because, like hunger and thirst, loneliness acts as a biological alarm bell.
On March 26, just as the COVID-19 pandemic gripped the world, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology posted a report on bioRxiv. It is the first study in humans to show that both loneliness and hunger share signals deep in a part of the brain that governs very basic impulses for reward and motivation. So, our need to connect is apparently as fundamental as our need to eat.
The researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to compare brain responses to loneliness and hunger. 40 adult participants underwent a 10-hour session depriving (剥夺) them of food and another 10-hour session denying them social contact. Both sessions served as a control (对照) condition for each other.
The social-isolation condition was challenging to arrange. Some people are lonely in a crowd, while others enjoy solitude To induce(l t)not just objective isolation but subjective feelings of loneliness, the researchers had the participants spend their time from 9 A.M. to 7 P.M. in a room at the laboratory without phones, laptops or even novels in case fictional characters provided some social support. Puzzles were allowed, as was preapproved nonfiction reading or writing.
Researchers then focused on a midbrain region called “the substantia nigra”, a center of dopamine (多巴胺) release involved with motivation and desire. The dopaminergic response shows a strong wanting. In the scanner, participants saw images of their preferred forms of social interaction and of their favorite foods, as well as a control image of flowers. It was then found that the substantia nigra responded only to cues of what they had been deprived of. The magnitude of the response correlated with the subjects’ self-reports of how hungry or lonely they were, though the feelings of hunger were consistently stronger.
Finally, the researchers used machine learning to confirm their findings. A software classifier trained to recognize neural patterns during fasting (斋戒) proved able to recognize similar neural patterns from the social-isolation condition even though it had never “seen” them. So there seems to be an underlying shared neural signature between the two states.
Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, an obvious next question for the work was whether different forms of social media could satisfy the need for social connection. Those researchers were never able to get funding for such a study. But now it seems they will.
1.The report posted on March 26 ________.
A.is based on the social-isolation condition during the pandemic
B.is the first study on the effect of loneliness on human beings
C.reflects the similarity between loneliness and hunger
D.shows human need for reward and motivation
2.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.Why inducing feelings of loneliness was challenging
B.How loneliness was created among participants
C.Why participants were denied access to phones
D.How researchers compared brain responses
3.We can infer that participants’ substantia nigra showed ________ response(s) to the image of flowers.
A.little B.various
C.strong D.consistent
4.What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The neural signature. B.Fasting.
C.Machine learning. D.The classifier.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
课文填空
The largest organ of our body is skin, which acts as a 1. against disease, posions and so on. It has 2. functions. But when your skin gets burnt, it can be very serious. So it is very important to know first aid for burns.
However, if you’ve got burns, first, 3.clothing using scissors if necessary 4. it is stuck to the burn. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, 5. them out and placing them on the burned area over and over 6. for about an hour. Next, dry the burnt area 7., then cover the burned area with a dry, clean 8. without sticking to the skin, and hold it in 9. with tape. If you’ve got second or third degree burns, it’s 10. to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.
高二英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is important and necessary for us to wash our hands before eating, because we can
________ disease ________ our bodies with the meals.
A, absorb, into B, take in, to C, suffer from, in D, take, out of
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Loneliness has been linked to depression(抑郁) and other health problems. Now, a study says it can also spread. A friend of a lonely person was fifty-two percent more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. And a friend of that friend was twenty-five percent more likely to do the same.
Earlier findings showed that happiness, obesity(肥胖) and the ability to stop smoking can also spread like infections within social groups. The findings all come from a major health study in the American town of Framingham, Massachusetts.
The study began in 1948 to investigate the causes of heart disease. Since then, more tests have been added, including measures of loneliness and depression.
The new findings involved more than five thousand people in the second generation of the Framingham Heart Study. The researchers examined friendship histories and reports of loneliness. The results established a pattern that spread as people reported fewer close friends.
For example, loneliness can affect relationships between next-door neighbors. The loneliness spreads as neighbors who were close friends now spend less time together. The study also found that loneliness spreads more easily among women than men.
The average person is said to experience feelings of loneliness about forty-eight days a year. The study found that having a lonely friend can add about seventeen days. But every additional friend can decrease loneliness by two and a half days.
Lonely people become less and less trusting of others. This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends—and more likely that society will reject(排斥) them.
John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago led the study. He says it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness. He says people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks.
1.As an average person, if you make 2 more common friends, how many days a year might you suffer from loneliness?
A. 48 days B. 43 days C. 65 days D. 17 days
2.What can we infer from the passage about lonely people?
A. They can overcome loneliness themselves
B. They will decrease loneliness day by day.
C. They need help to get back to normal social life
D. They can help others to repair their social networks
3.What's the best way to help lonely people according to this passage?
A. Bring them together. B. Make friends with them.
C. Help them stop smoking. D. Help them lose weight
4.Which of the following would be the topic of the passage?
A. Loneliness and social network B. Social Networks and friendship
C. Loneliness and diet. D. Help A Lonely Person
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
What is the weather like?
A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny.
高二英语短对话简单题查看答案及解析
What is the weather like today?
A. It’s rainy. B. It’s sunny. C. It’s cloudy.
高二英语短对话简单题查看答案及解析
.--- _______?
--- He is tall, strong and brave.
A.Do you like him | B.How do you like him |
C.What is he like | D.What does he like |
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or spent or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no ______ over, like the weather? Is time the same all over the world? That’s an easy question, you say. Wherever you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. Well, maybe But in America, time is more than that. Americans see time as a ______ resource, Maybe that’s why they are fond of the expression, “Time is money.”
Because Americans believe time is a limited resource, they try to conserve and manage it, People in the U.S. often attend lectures or read books on time ______ . It seems they all want to ______ their time better. Professionals carry around pocket planners—some in electronic form to keep ______ of appointments and deadlines. People do all they can to ______ more life out of their time. The early American hero Benjamin Franklin expressed this view best: “Do you love life? Then do not waste time, for that is the stuff life is made of.”
To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing ______ for other people’s time. Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually calls for an apology, and maybe an explanation. People who are running late often call ahead to let others know of the ______. Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be ______ on time.
American lifestyles show how much people respect the time of others. When people plan an event, they often set the time days or weeks ______. If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually call first to make sure it is ______. Also, people ______ to call others late at night for fear they might be in bed. The time may ______, but most folks think twice about calling after 10:00 p.m.
Even Americans would admit that no one can master time. Time—like money—______ all too easily through our fingers. And time—like the weather— is very hard to ______. Nevertheless, time is one of life’s most precious gifts. And unwrapping it is half the fun.
1.A.effect B.sense C.control D.notice
2.A.natural B.valuable C.financial D.forceful
3.A.management B.establishment C.Experiment D.movement
4.A.Spare B.pass C.organize D.kill
5.A.track B.account C.secret D.diary
6.A.drive B.push C.release D.squeeze
7.A.respect B.gratitude C.sympathy D.concern
8.A.excuse B.accident C.delay D.schedule
9.A.extremely B.thoroughly C.automatically D.exactly
10.A.on average B.in advance C.for sure D.on purpose
11.A.convenient B.accessible C.casual D.flexible
12.A.fail B.tend C.hesitate D.hate
13.A.change B.vary C.extend D.range
14.A.spends B.disappears C.shrinks D.slips
15.A.capture B.predict C.announce D.classify
高二英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析