Scientists say they have discovered a possibl...

Scientists say they have discovered a possible cure for all five known Ebola viruses. Antibodies (抗体) that are used in the cure were discovered in the blood of a survivor.

Kartik Chandran of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine helped discover the antibodies. They are described online in the journal Cell. Chandran says studies of the antibody in non-human primates (非灵长类动物) have shown positive results. He says he is optimistic that the antibodies can be used to protect and treat people, too.

he virus was given the name Ebola because the first recorded outbreak of the disease took place along the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) — then known as Zaire

— in 1976.

Since then, there have been about 24 Ebola outbreaks in Africa, including one happening now in the DRC. Nine people have been infected and three people have died. The most recent Ebola epidemic took place from 2013 to 2016. It killed more than 11,000 people and infected

29,000 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone.

During that epidemic, researchers were studying an anti-Ebola drug called Zmapp. Doctors began using it even before the study was complete. Zmapp　　 uses antibodies discovered in mice. They use the body’s natural immune system to fight infection. If the drug is given within five days after Ebola infection symptoms appear, it can cure the disease.

Promising results

But researcher Kartik Chandran says Zmapp is effective only against Ebola Zaire. It does not fight the other four known Ebola viruses.

Chandran says the recently discovered human antibodies attack and destroy all five of the viruses. Researchers say the antibodies work by interfering with a process that the disease uses to infect and multiply inside cells. Chandran says scientists discovered the antibodies in just six months.

The drug company Mapp Pharmaceutical Incorporated is now testing the antibodies in monkeys that have been exposed to Ebola. Spokespeople for the company say the antibodies have

so far been safe and effective．

Chandran says he hopes the antibodies can also be tested in people soon. And, he says, he hopes they can finally be used both as a treatment and as a vaccine (疫苗) to prevent people from getting Ebola in the first place.

1.Where should the subtitle “A challenging history” be placed?

A. Between paragraphs 1 and 2．　　 B. Between paragraphs 2 and 3．

C. Between paragraphs 3 and 4．　　 D. Between paragraphs 4 and 5．

2.What do we know about Zmapp?

A. The study about it was a failure．　　 B. It mainly uses human antibodies．

C. Its medical function is limited．　　 D. It is only effective for five days．

3.Which of the following is true?

A. Ebola virus can multiply inside cells．

B. DRC suffers most from Ebola virus．

C. Ebola virus poses no threat to monkeys．

D. Human antibody relies on body’s immune system．

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A. It’s time for Ebola Virus to disappear

B. Scientists discover cure for Ebola Virus

C. Zmapp loses advantage in fighting Ebola

D. A drug company contributes to fighting Ebola

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

The scientists were trying to look for all possible _______ as to where this species came from.

A．signals            B．marks            C．clues             D．spots

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

The scientists have made _______ possible for us to communicate with each other more easily.

A. it                                     B. that                               C. this                       D. them

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Electrical devices (仪器) could soon use power made by human energy. Scientists say they have developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking. British scientist Max Donelan and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.

The device connects to a person's knee. As the person walks, the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this, the device helps with the slowing down movement of the leg. The movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer for six minutes.

There are several possible uses for the device. Developers say it could help people who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers (起搏器). It could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.

The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy. But the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version. An improved version should be ready in one year.

The developers hope the device will one day help developing countries. Nearly twenty-five percent of people around the world live without electric power.

A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania. He created a bag carried on a person's back that also produces power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag. But the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.

1.The second paragraph mainly talks about ________.

A. who developed the device

B. how the device works

C. several possible uses for the devices

D. how much electricity the device can produce

2.What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?

A. It is too heavy for the walker to bear.

B. It is too complex for people to use.

C. It will slow down one's walking speed.

D. It is too expensive for most people to afford.

3.Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome, this new device ________.

A. produces power without adding more loads to the walker

B. can produce more power in a much shorter time

C. needs to be equipped with a battery

D. can help the walker walk faster

4.From the passage, we can learn that the electrical device can ________.

A. help housewives operate the micro-wave oven

B. make it much easier for us to go online

C. produce more electricity than that invented by Larry Rome

D. be applied in medicine to operate heart pacemakers

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists have developed a water treatment system that they say is a powerful but simple way to save lives. Four grams of chemicals can treat ten liters of dirty water for a low cost, about ten cents.

Experts say infections from dirty water kill several thousand children in developing countries every day. The Procter and Gamble company has been developing the "PUR Purifier of Water" system since 1995. The company has been working with the United States Centers for Disease control and Prevention(C.D.C.).

C.D.C. researchers tested it in Guatemala, Pakistan and Kenya. Procter and Gamble researcher Greg Allgood says cases of diarrhea(腹泻) in those studies fell by about 50 percent. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland tested the system at a refugee camp in Liberia. Mr. Allgood says that study found a reduction of more than 90 percent. Use of the system is being expanded worldwide.

The treatment contains bleach(漂白剂) to kill disease-causing organisms. It also contains something that dirt and other particles stick to. Mr. Allgood says the chemicals can remove lead and other dangerous metals and even agricultural poisons like D.D.T.

Mr. Allgood heads the Children's Safe Drinking Water program at Procter and Gamble. He says about forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free. They have been used in emergencies and in areas with limited supplies of clean water.

Clean water is a limited resource in many parts of the world. Delegates from about 130 nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum last month in Mexico City. Scientists, policy experts and others discussed ways to provide clean water to the world’s poor. Organizers say more than twenty percent of the world population lacks clean drinking water. The final declaration did not go so far as to declare water a human right. But it did say that governments, not private companies, must take the lead in improving the public’s ability to have clean water.

46. What is mainly talked about in this passage?

A. Water pollution around the world.

B. The causes of diarrhea in African countries.

C. A newly developed water treatment system.

D. The Fourth World Water Forum in Mexico City.

47. Which of the following developed the water treatment system?

A. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

B. The Procter and Gamble Company and C.D.C.

C. The Children’s Safe Drinking Water Program.

D. Johns Hopkins University.

48. Which of the following about the new water treatment system is NOT true?

A. It is effective but very expensive.

B. It was tested in Guatemala, Pakistan and Kenya.

C. It is being expanded worldwide.

D. It can remove dangerous metals in the water.

49. Which of the following shows that the shortage of clean water is a serious problem?

A. Forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free.

B. Delegates from about 130 nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum.

C. Four grams of chemicals can treat liters of dirty water for a low cost.

D. Infections from dirty water kill several thousand children every day.

50. The best title for this article is ______.

A. A Small Packet of Chemicals, a Big Effect on Dirty Water

B. The Procter and Gamble Company and C.D.C.

C. The Shortage of Clean Water

D. How to Cure Diarrhea

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Paragraph 1

Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter, or something like butter.

Paragraph 2

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的) or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

Paragraph 3

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry.

The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

1.According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A．chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages           B．potatoes, carrots, rice, bread

C．oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes            D．beef, pork, fish, milk

2.It is important for people to eat _______.

A．three times a day

B．dinner at the right time

C．cooked food all the day

D．something from each of the seven kinds of food every day

3.Which of the following is NOT true?

A．People in some places don’t have enough to eat.

B．There are too many people in the world.

C．One of the problems is that no one is hungry.

D．The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy.

4.If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A．When people should eat.

B．What to do with the two problems.

C．How to cook food in different ways.

D．Why people eat different kinds of food.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. (2) citrus(柑桔) fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal(谷类), rice is also in this kind of food; (7) butter,　 or something like butter.

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 :00 in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

1.According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A. beef, pork, fish, milk　　 B. potatoes, carrots, rice, bread

C. chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages　　 D. oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes

2.If there is Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A. When people eat their lunch

B. Why people eat different kinds of food

C. How to cook food in different ways

D. What to do with the two problems

3.People in different countries and different places of the world _______.

A. eat food in different ways　　 B. cooks their food in the same way

C. has their meals at the same time　　 D. has the right kinds of food to eat

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds;  (2)citrus （柑橘）fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables ; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal (谷物), rice is also in this kind of foods; (7) Butter or something like butter.

People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.  People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.

There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first thin g is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kind of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.

1. According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

2. It is important for people to eat __________.

3.People in different countries and different places of the world________________.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

5.If there is paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars, and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.

The first caves appear as seven mysterious black dots （点） on the pictures which were sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.

“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance that you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features (特征) while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.

Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.

One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(红外线成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air may be flowing out.

“I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”

He agreed such caves could be perfect places to search for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充满辐射的), dry surface.

“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria (细菌). A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”

The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lava flows(管状岩浆流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining to flow out, forming caves.

1. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. How the caves were formed on Mars.

B. How NASA sent the pictures back to earth

C. Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign（迹象）of life.

D. Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.

2. We can learn from the passage that __________.

A. water has already been found on Mars

B. the scientists found all the caves at night

C. it is certain that there is life in these caves

D. the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry

3. According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because ________.

A. such caves could provide energy for life

B. they had finally found the caves on Mars

C. such caves would be perfect places to search for life

D. There would be life on Mars.

4. Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include_________.

A. lava and energy          B. water and radiation from space

C. gases and lava           D. water and protection from radiation

5. what does the underlined word “ the planet” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. the Mars     B. the earth      C. the caves       D. radiation

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists say they now have proof to support the old-fashioned advice that it's best to sleep on a problem. They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we receive each day.

Lead researcher Bob Stickgold at the Harvard Medical School said, "Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences. It's like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it's hard to explain."

The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols (象征) , reports New Scientist. They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test, and if they had not slept. They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night's sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day. They also found it easier to remember themes (主题) that the words had in common. But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake. Prof. John Groeger, of Surrey University's Sleep Research Centre, said, "People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is, as we know that only certain parts of it have a restorative (有助恢复的) value. " "We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day, and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with it all."

1.The phrase" to sleep on a problem" in Paragraph 1 most likely means to______.

A. pay full attention to a problem                         B. wait until later for a decision

C. sleep to forget a problem                                  D. have difficulty sleeping

2.In the study by the US research team, students were asked to______.

A. put together words of similar meanings

B. remember words and their meanings

C. show their knowledge of words

D. make up lists of related words

3.Which of the following may be easier to remember?

A. Themes learned right before the test

B. Rules from personal experience

C. Words learnt before a good sleep

D. Ideas stored together in the brain

4.What may be the importance of the research?

A. It shows sleep may help us manage information

B. It helps find out the common themes of word

C. It tells us that more sleep can improve health

D. It proves the value of old-fashioned advice

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析