People have wondered for a long time how thei...

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.　

Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”．

Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)．

Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.　

Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.

Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.　

1.This passage is mainly concerned with ________.

A. relation between personality and behavior

B. relation between behavior and environment

C. different accounts of patterns of human behavior

D. different theories of the formation of human behavior　

2.The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.

A. creators　　     B. advisors　　

C. advocates　　 D. judges　

3.In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.

A. the considerable influence of the two theories

B. differences between the blacks and whites

C. racial discrimination in the United States

D. different responds to intelligence tests　

4.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.

B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.

C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.

D. To present an argument in the field of social science.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed．It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative （合作的）and another is competitive．

Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions．They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors．There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought （学派）on the matter have developed．As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory．The controversy（argument) is often referred to as “nature and nurture（教育）”．

Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors．That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory．Taken to an extreme(走极端）, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts（本能）．

Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic（机械论的）; they maintain that, like machines, humans’ respond to environmental stimuli（刺激） as the basis of their behavior．

Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching．In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests．This leads some proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites．Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do．

Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior．In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain．

1.This passage is mainly concerned with________．

2.The underlined word " proponents'' in paragraph 2 means________．

3.In paragraph 5 , the author mainly writes about________．

4.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.　

Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”．

Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)．

Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists' view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.　

Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.

Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.　

1.This passage is mainly concerned with ________.

A. relation between personality and behavior

B. relation between behavior and environment

C. different accounts of patterns of human behavior

D. different theories of the formation of human behavior　

2.The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means ________.

A. creators　　     B. advisors　　     C. advocates　　     D. judges　

3.In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about ________.

A. the considerable influence of the two theories

B. differences between the blacks and whites

C. racial discrimination in the United States

D. different responds to intelligence tests　

4.What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.

B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.

C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior.

D. To present an argument in the field of social science.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time.

Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience.

E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren’t necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she’d been born before electronic mail became such a practical tool.

The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say you do something fun -see a great movie perhaps-and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may tire of telling the story.

With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.

E-mail is also an inexpensive way stay in close touch with people who live far away. More than a few parents use E-mail to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children off at college.

We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch. They don’t take the place of any of the old ways.

64. The purpose of this passage is to ________.

A. explain how to use the Internet

B. describe the writer’s joy of keeping up with the latest technology

C. tell the merits(价值) and usefulness of the Internet

D. introduce the reader to basic knowledge about personal computers and the Internet

65. According to the writer, E-mail has an obvious advantage over the telephone because the former（前者） helps one _________.

A. reach a group of people at a time conveniently

B. keep one’s communication as personal as possible

C. pass on much more information than the later

D. get in touch with one’s friends faster than the later

66. The best title for this passage is ________.

A. Computer: New Technological Advances

B. Internet: New Tool to Maintain Good Friendship

C. Computers Have Made Life Easier

D. Internet: a Convenient Tool for Communication

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time.

Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience.

E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren’t necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she’d been born before electronic mail became such a practical tool.

The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say you do something fun, see a great movie perhaps-and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may tire of telling the story.

With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address (=tell) it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.

E-mail is also an inexpensive way stay in close touch with people who live far away. More than a few parents use E-mail to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children off at college.

We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch. They don’t take the place of any of the old ways.

1.We can infer that passage is to ________.

A. explain how to use the Internet

B. describe the writer’s joy of keeping up with the latest technology

C. tell the merits(价值) and usefulness of the Internet

D. introduce the reader to basic knowledge about personal computers and the Internet

2.The use of E-mail has made it possible for the writer to ________.

A. spend less time working

B. have more free time with his child

C. work at home on weekends

D. work at a speed comfortable to him

3.According to the writer, E-mail has an obvious advantage over the telephone because the former helps one ________.

A. reach a group of people at one time conveniently

B. keep one’s communication as personal as possible

C. pass on much more information than the latter

D. get in touch with one’s friends faster than the latter

4.The best title for this passage is ________.

A. Computer: New Technological Advances

B. Internet: New Tool to Maintain Good Friendship

C. Computers Have Made Life Easier

D. Internet: a Convenient Tool for Communication

高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time.

Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience.

E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren’t necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she’d been born before electronic mail became such a practical tool.

The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say you do something fun, see a great movie perhaps---and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may tire of telling the story.

With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address (述说) it to all the friends who you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.

E-mail is also an inexpensive way to stay in close touch with people who live far away. More than a few parents use E-mail to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children off at college.

We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch. They don’t take the place of any of the old ways.

1.The purpose of this passage is to ______.

A. explain how to use the Internet

B. tell the merits (价值) and usefulness of the Internet

C. describe the writer’s joy of keeping up with the latest technology.

D. introduce the reader to basic knowledge about personal computers and the Internet

2.The use of E-mail has made it possible for the writer to ______.

A. spend less time working

B. work at home on weekends

C. have more free time with his child

D. work at a speed comfortable to him

3.The best title for this passage is ______.

A. Computer: New Technological Advances

B. Internet: New Tool to Maintain Good Friendship

C. Computers Have Made Life Easier

D. Internet: a Convenient Tool for Communication

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

People have been talking about health for a long time because people know the importance of it. People's understanding of health also becomes deeper with the progress in scientific research. Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It no longer means just the absence of illness. Today, health means the well-being of your body, your mind and your relationship with other people. This new concept of health is closely related to another term-quality of life. Quality of life is the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life.

　Why has the emphasis of health shifted from the absence of disease to a broader focus on the quality of a person's life? One reason for this has to do with the length and conditions of life that people can now expect. Medical advances have made it possible for people today to live longer, healthier lives. Imagine for a moment that you were born in the year 1900. You could have expected on average to live until about the age of 47. In contrast, if you were born in the year 1999, you could expect to live to the age of 75.

1.________ leads to people's deeper understanding of health.

A.Common knowledge　　　　　　 B.Better conditions of living

C.Progress in scientific research　　　　 D.Quality of life

2.According to the passage, to people of today, health means ________.

A.absence of illness　　　　 B.overall satisfaction with life

C.good conditions of living　　 D.a long life

3.The emphasis of health has shifted nowadays because _________.

A.people enjoy better conditions of living and they can live longer

B.people pay more attention to their physical health, not their mental health

C.people have realized the importance of mental well-being

D.people are inspired by medical advances

4.This passage is mainly about __________.

A.different understandings of the term "health"

B.improving the quality of life

C.the importance of quality living

D.people's expectations of a long and healthy life

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

People have been talking about health for a long time because people know the importance of it. People's understanding of health also becomes deeper with the progress in scientific research. Recently the term "health" has come to have a wider meaning than it used to. It no longer means just the absence of illness. Today, health means the well-being of your body, your mind and your relationship with other people. This new concept of health is closely related to another term-quality of life. Quality of life is the degree of overall satisfaction that a person gets from life.

　Why has the emphasis of health shifted from the absence of disease to a broader focus on the quality of a person's life? One reason for this has to do with the length and conditions of life that people can now expect. Medical advances have made it possible for people today to live longer, healthier lives. Imagine for a moment that you were born in the year 1900. You could have expected on average to live until about the age of 47. In contrast, if you were born in the year 1999, you could expect to live to the age of 75.

1.________ leads to people's deeper understanding of health.

A．Common knowledge

B．Progress in scientific research

C．Better conditions of living

D．Quality of life

2.The emphasis of health has shifted nowadays because _________.

A．people enjoy better conditions of living and they can live longer

B．people pay more attention to their physical health, not their mental health

C．people have realized the importance of mental well-being

D．people are inspired by medical advances

3.We can infer from the passage __________.

A．nowadays the emphasis of health has a broader focus because of improvements in the quality of food

B．the overall quality of people's lives improved greatly in the 20th century

C．those who never fall ill are the truly healthy people

D．those who were born before 1900 could not have lived until now

4.This passage is mainly about __________.

A．different understandings of the term "health"

B．improving the quality of life

C．the importance of quality living

D．people's expectations of a long and healthy life

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe. In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.

Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person’s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.

Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy(头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers’ risk of heart disease and stroke.

Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.

1.Tobacco first appeared in ________.

A. Asia            B. Africa            C. Europe            D. America

2.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To tell us the bad effects caused by smoking cigarettes.

B. To introduce the history of smoking.

C. To let us know what the cigarettes are made from.

D. To tell the readers that Columbus found the Indians smoking.

3.The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that ________.

A. it can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs

B. it lowers skin temperature

C. it causes the heart to beat less fast

D. Nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it.

4.What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. Where did cigarettes come from?

B. The effect of smoking on your body.

C. How to smoke is healthy?

D. Who is the first smoker?

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

People have smoked cigarettes for a long time now. The tobacco which is used to make cigarettes was first grown in what is now part of the United States. Christopher Columbus, who discovered America, saw the Indians smoking. Soon the dried leaves were transported to Europe . In the late 1800s, the Turks made cigarettes popular.

Cigarette smoke contains at least two harmful substances, tar and nicotine. Tar, which forms as the tobacco burns, damages the lungs and therefore affects breathing. Nicotine, which is found in the leaves, causes the heart to beat faster and increases the breathing rate. Nicotine in large can kill a person by stopping a person’s breathing muscles. Smokers usually take in small amounts that the body can quickly break down.

Nicotine can make new smokers feel dizzy(头晕) or sick to their stomachs. The heart rate for young smokers increases 2 to 3 beats per minute. Nicotine also lowers skin temperature and reduces blood flow in the legs and feet. It plays an important role in increasing smokers’ risk of heart disease and stroke.

Smoking cigarettes is dangerous. Cigarette smoking was the cause of lung cancer and several other deadly diseases.

1..

Tobacco first appeared in_________.

A. Asia                 B. Africa

C. Europe               D. America

2..

What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To tell us the bad effects caused by smoking cigarettes

B. To introduce the history of smoking

C. To let us know what the cigarettes are made from

D. To tell the readers that Columbus found the Indians smoking

3..

._________doesn’t make one’s heart beat as usual.

A. Tar                  B. Nicotine

C. Lung disease         D. Leave

4..

The following effects are caused by Nicotine EXCEPT that________.

A. It can make new smokers feel dizzy or sick to their stomachs

B. It lowers skin temperature

C. It causes the heart to beat less fast

D. Nicotine will probably kill a person if a smoker takes in too much of it.

5..

What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. Where did cigarettes come from?

B. The effect of smoking on your body.

C. How to smoke is healthy?

D. Who is the first smoker?

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析