Living with your parents has its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kids― their grandkids. Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren. That is, unless grandma's too old or lives too far away.
Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which they stop having babies. Patrick Bergeron, professor of biology at Bishop's University in Quebec, said that most of the organisms will reproduce up to their very last moment. This increase is often explained by the so-called "grandmother effect". He thinks there could still be a benefit for women who stop having babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their daughters to raise larger families.
To explore the "grandmother effect" hypothesis (假设),Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third o£ the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus."Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved."
This beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs (女家长)lived nearby. That role is tougher for them to fulfills as they get older in poor health, which brings us to the second study. The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, though, rather than wickedness (邪恶)on the part of co- resident grandmothers.
So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.
1.What's the second paragraph mainly about?
A.Differences between animals and human beings.
B.Disadvantages of living with grandmas
C.Grandmothers' influence on the kids.
D.What's called“grandmother effect”.
2.How does the writer describe about the French-Canadian population more than three hundred years ago?
A.By voicing opinions. B.By providing facts.
C.By giving examples. D.By telling stories.
3.What can we infer from the second study?
A.Society should be concerned about the old women.
B.Grandmothers over 75 years old are unwilling to help.
C.Some grandmothers may occupy kids' relative recourses.
D.Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old.
4.Which of the following can be the most helpful grandmother according to the passage?
A.A healthy one living nearby. ,
B.A healthy one living abroad.
C.An old one living in a nursing home.
D.A knowledgeable one living together.
高三英语阅读理解困难题
Living with your parents has its benefits at least when it comes to raising your kids― their grandkids. Two new studies add to the evidence that grandmothers can enhance the survival of grandchildren. That is, unless grandma's too old or lives too far away.
Humans are unusual in that the females live long past the age at which they stop having babies. Patrick Bergeron, professor of biology at Bishop's University in Quebec, said that most of the organisms will reproduce up to their very last moment. This increase is often explained by the so-called "grandmother effect". He thinks there could still be a benefit for women who stop having babies to increase their genetic footprint by helping their daughters to raise larger families.
To explore the "grandmother effect" hypothesis (假设),Bergeron and his colleagues examined nearly 200 years' worth of French-Canadian population records from the 17th and 18th centuries. "At the time, life was tough. In some years, a third o£ the kids were not even making it to one year of age.” But the researchers found that having a grandmother still alive was a definite plus."Families with grandmothers alive were larger by about two and the survival of these grandchildren to age 15 was much improved."
This beneficial effect was only seen when the matriarchs (女家长)lived nearby. That role is tougher for them to fulfills as they get older in poor health, which brings us to the second study. The researchers found that the benefits associated with having a grandmother on hand depended on her age. Once manna hit 75, the grandchild survival benefit disappeared. This was almost certainly due to some form of indirect resource competition, though, rather than wickedness (邪恶)on the part of co- resident grandmothers.
So a healthy grandma helps make for a healthy grandchild. If ',over the river and through the woods to grandmother's house" isn't too long a trip.
1.What's the second paragraph mainly about?
A.Differences between animals and human beings.
B.Disadvantages of living with grandmas
C.Grandmothers' influence on the kids.
D.What's called“grandmother effect”.
2.How does the writer describe about the French-Canadian population more than three hundred years ago?
A.By voicing opinions. B.By providing facts.
C.By giving examples. D.By telling stories.
3.What can we infer from the second study?
A.Society should be concerned about the old women.
B.Grandmothers over 75 years old are unwilling to help.
C.Some grandmothers may occupy kids' relative recourses.
D.Some grandmothers are getting wicked after they are old.
4.Which of the following can be the most helpful grandmother according to the passage?
A.A healthy one living nearby. ,
B.A healthy one living abroad.
C.An old one living in a nursing home.
D.A knowledgeable one living together.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
It has been one of the deadliest climbing seasons on Everest, with at least 10 deaths. And at least some seem to have been _________.
The problem hasn’t beenavalanches(雪崩), blizzards or high winds. Experienced climbers and industry leaders _________ too many people on the mountain, in general, and too many inexperienced climbers, in particular.
Fly-by-night adventure companies are taking up untrained climbers who pose a risk to everyone on the mountain. And the Nepalese government, _________ for every climbing dollar it can get, has issued more permits than Everest can safely _________, some experienced mountaineers say.
Add to that Everest’s unmatched _________ to a growing body of thrill-seekers the world over. And the fact that Nepal, one of Asians poorest nations and the site of most Everest climbs, has a long record of bad regulations and mismanagement.
To reach the peak, climbers _________ every pound of equipment they can and take with them just enough cans of compressed oxygen to make it to the top and back down. It is hard to think straight at that altitude(海拔).
According to the climbers, some of the deaths this year were caused by people getting held up in the long lines on the last 1,000 feet or so of the climb, unable to get up and down fast enough to _________ their oxygen supply. Others were simply not fit enough to be on the mountain _________.
Nepal has no _________ rules about who can climb Everest, and experienced climbers say that is a direct reason for _________. “You have to reach certain standards to do the Ironman,” said Alan Arnett, a remarkable Everest climber. “But you don’t have to _________ to climb the highest mountain in the world? What’s wrong with this picture?”
The last time 10 or more people died on Everest was in 2015, during an avalanche. By some measures, the Everest machine has only gotten more out of _________. Last year, experienced climbers, insurance companies and news organizations _________ a far-reaching scheme by guides, helicopter companies and hospitals to trick millions of dollars from insurance companies byevacuating(疏散) climbers with _________ signs of altitude sickness.
Despite all the problems, this year the Nepali government issued a record number of permits, 381, as part of a bigger _________ to commercialize the mountain. Climbers say the permit numbers have been going up steadily each year and that this year the traffic jams were heavier than ever.
1.A.recognizable B.sustainable C.avoidable D.feasible
2.A.burden B.blame C.border D.balance
3.A.hungry B.critical C.jealousy D.hesitant
4.A.favor B.extend C.grant D.handle
5.A.appeal B.adjustment C.adaption D.agreement
6.A.catch sight of B.make use of C.get rid of D.take hold of
7.A.remove B.refill C.recycle D.release
8.A.for the first time B.at long last C.from time to time D.in the first place
9.A.strict B.social C.scientific D.creative
10.A.discomfort B.decay C.disadvantage D.disaster
11.A.manage B.qualify C.promise D.schedule
12.A.contact B.touch C.control D.power
13.A.activated B.exposed C.introduced D.dismissed
14.A.inferior B.minor C.superior D.major
15.A.push B.prospect C.pattern D.patent
高三英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析
(2013·兰州模拟)Living in the eastern part of the city has its problems,
shopping is not the least.
A. with which B. of which
C. for which D. which
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Living in Western China certainly has its problems, _________obtaining water is not the least.
A. of which B. where C. as D. whose
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
As a parent you might never guess all the ways a good imagination benefits your child. It helps a preschooler:
Develop social skills
As children play pretend, they explore relationships between family members, friends and co-workers and learn more about how people interact. Playing doctor, they imagine how physicians care for their patients. Playing house, they learn more about how parents feel about their children. Imaginative play helps develop sympathy for others. If children can imagine how it feels to be left out of a game or to lose a pet, they are better able to help those in need. They become more willing to play fair, to share, and to cooperate.
Build self-confidence
Young children have very little control over their lives. Imagining oneself as a builder of skyscrapers or a superhero defending the planet is empowering to a child. It helps them develop confidence in their abilities and their potential.
Boost intellectual growth
Using the imagination is the beginning of abstract thought. Children who can see a king’s castle in a mound of sand or a delicious dinner in a mud pie are learning to think symbolically. This skill is important in school where a child will have to learn that numerals symbolize groups of objects, letters symbolize sounds, and so on.
Practice language skills
Kids who play pretend with their friends do a lot of talking. This helps boost their vocabulary, improve sentence structure and enhance communication skills.
Work out fears
Playing pretend can help children work out their fears and worries. When children role-play about the big, bad monster under the bed, they gain a sense of control over him and he doesn’t seem quite so big or so bad. Imaginative play also helps kids let out confusing feelings they might have, such as anger toward a parent or rivalry (竞争) with a new sibling (兄弟姐妹).
To encourage your youngster’s imagination, read to him every day. Books offer children the opportunity to visit other worlds and create new ones of their own.
For generations children have enjoyed reading the story of Peter Pan because Peter takes them on fascinating adventures. Reader’s Digest Young Families offers a beautiful vintage Disney edition of Peter Pan, which is an iParenting Media Award winner. Click here to find out how you can get this classic story along with 2 free books -- Bambi and Pinocchio.
1.Where can you probably find the article?
A. Newspaper. B. Magazine. C. Internet. D. Book.
2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word?
A. improve. B. limit. C. pull. D. praise.
3.What’s Not the advantage of children having a good imagination?
A. Understanding the other people’s feelings and problems.
B. Expressing their feelings like anger.
C. Having a strong faith in their own abilities and potential.
D. Helping them form a good habit of reading story.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.
Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.
1.There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____.
A. believe overweight only affects our body
B. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind
C. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability
D. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions
2.The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ______.
A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memory
B. losing weight can improve people’s mental functions
C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems
D. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly
3.What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?
A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people.
B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.
C . Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation.
D. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.
4.Which of the following is the best title for th e text?
A. Body Weight and Health
B. Losing Weight by Operation
C. Ways to Improve Mental Functions
D. Losing Weight to S harpen Your MindD
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits—including making your brain sharper.
Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions (认知功能) such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.
1. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____.
A. believe overweight only affects our body |
B. have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind |
C. do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability |
D. are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions |
2. The result of Gunstad’s study shows that ______.
A. losing weight has little effect on people’s memory |
B. losing weight can improve people’s mental functions |
C. overweight people are likely to have psychology problems |
D. overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly |
3. What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research?
A. Slim people are smarter than overweight people. |
B. Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight. |
C. Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation. |
D. Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise. |
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Body Weight and Health |
B. Losing Weight by Operation |
C. Ways to Improve Mental Functions |
D. Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Although honey is a natural food with many health benefits, you should avoid giving it to your child until they are a year old. This is because there’s a small chance that it could contain a bacterium (细菌), which can result in infant botulism (婴儿型肉毒中毒): a serious form of food poisoning.
Unfortunately, it’s not possible for manufacturers to destroy the bacteria without cooking the honey, which makes the sweet matter unsuitable for babies under one. Although the British Honey Importers and Packers Association advises its members to print on honey labels that it’s not suitable for babies under 12 months, all products will not carry the warning. So it’s up to you to remember not to add honey to your baby’s food.
Although you may feel your baby’s food could do with a spoonful of honey for sweetness, it’s a good idea to avoid giving her too many sugary tastes. Offering too many sweet foods could mean that your baby develops a sweet tooth.
If, however, adding sweetness to certain foods will help. There are plenty of alternatives to honey. Try low-sugar jams on fingers of toast or in sandwiches. You can also sweeten the flavor of sharp or sour fruit such as rhubarb (大黄) by adding jams like apples or pears.
Once your baby is over a year old, it’s safe to introduce honey. By this time, a child’s intestines (肠) have grown enough to process the dangerous bacteria without allowing it to grow. However, because honey is a type of sugar, nutritionists still advise you should limit the amount to avoid problems as to tooth later on.
1.Why should we avoid giving honey to a baby?
A. Because too much honey will ruin the baby’s teeth.
B. Because a bacterium can cause food poisoning.
C. Because honey can make babies lack appetite.
D. Because honey will lead t0 infant depression.
2.From the second paragraph we can infer that .
A. honey manufacturers will remove the bacteria by cooking
B. every honey product will carry a label in the market
C. some products will carry a label while in the market
D. parents can accuse manufacturers of their products
3.The underlined sentence in the passage means that .
A. we have no choice except honey
B. we have many choices apart from honey
C. we can choose honey and other things
D. we can’t choose honey or other things
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Why Is Honey Dangerous for Your Baby?
B. When Can You Feed Your Baby with Honey?
C. How Does Honey Benefit Your Baby?
D. What Can You Do with Honey for Your Baby?
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The city of Nanchang has grown so fast that it’s at least _____ what it used to be.
A. five times the size of B. the size as five times large as
C. five times larger D. as five times size of
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The city of Chengdu has grown so fast that it's at least ______ what it used to be.
A.five times the size of | B.five times the size as large as |
C.five times larger | D.five limes size as |
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析