Air pollution is the world's top killer, a new global air quality index revealed last year. According to the World Health Organization(WHO), 4. 2 million people die each year from outdoor air pollution, and 91 percent of the world's population lives in a place that exceeds the WHO's guideline limits. With that in mind, Imperial College London has teamed up with biochemical tech startup Arborea to test out its biosolar leaf technology, while also demonstrating how sustainable solutions can address the vital environmental and social issues of today in real-world conditions.
So, what is a biosolar leaf and how does it work? The secret is algae(海藻). Arborea researchers developed a cultivation(培养)system that allows microscopic plants like microalgae to grow on large solar panel-like structures that can be installed on land, buildings, and anywhere with a roof in a built-up city to improve the surrounding air quality. Inspired by the natural process of photosynthesis(光合作用)，the biosolar panels allow the microorganisms to absorb CO2 from the surrounding area and generate breathable oxygen back out again. And they help produce a nutritious, sustainable plant protein with tiny environmental impact—— Arborea's other focus——at the same time. "When I founded Arborea? my goal was to cope with climate change while addressing the critical issues related to the food system," Arborea founder and CEO Julian Melchiorri said. "This pilot plant will produce sustainable healthy food additives while purifying the air, producing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the surrounding environment.”
Melchiorri has already had some success with his astonishing project, the world's first living bionic chandelier(仿生吊灯)，which uses the same technology. The light of the chandelier stimulates photosynthesis of the microorganisms on the leaf-shaped modules, absorbing the CO2 inside and releasing oxygen back into the room. The chandelier currently holds pride of place in London's Victoria and Albert Museum's permanent collection.
1.Why did the Imperial College London cooperate with Arborea?
A.To study the reason for air pollution in London.
B.To search for the new sustainable energy.
C.To trial the new technology of Arborea.
D.To settle the social issues.
2.What can be learned about the biosolar leaf?
A.It functions just like solar panels.
B.It imitates the natural process of photosynthesis.
C.It is aimed at producing sustainable healthy food.
D.It has been applied in large amounts in our daily life.
3.What is the best title for the text?
A.London's pride—the chandelier
B.The secret of algae found recently
C.An astonishing project benefiting Londoners a lot
D.World's first biosolar leaf to take on air pollution
4.Which column of a web page is the text probably taken from?
A.Environment and marine biology. B.Society and development.
C.Science and technology. D.Bionic design and modern life
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Air pollution is the world's top killer, a new global air quality index revealed last year. According to the World Health Organization(WHO), 4. 2 million people die each year from outdoor air pollution, and 91 percent of the world's population lives in a place that exceeds the WHO's guideline limits. With that in mind, Imperial College London has teamed up with biochemical tech startup Arborea to test out its biosolar leaf technology, while also demonstrating how sustainable solutions can address the vital environmental and social issues of today in real-world conditions.
So, what is a biosolar leaf and how does it work? The secret is algae(海藻). Arborea researchers developed a cultivation(培养)system that allows microscopic plants like microalgae to grow on large solar panel-like structures that can be installed on land, buildings, and anywhere with a roof in a built-up city to improve the surrounding air quality. Inspired by the natural process of photosynthesis(光合作用)，the biosolar panels allow the microorganisms to absorb CO2 from the surrounding area and generate breathable oxygen back out again. And they help produce a nutritious, sustainable plant protein with tiny environmental impact—— Arborea's other focus——at the same time. "When I founded Arborea? my goal was to cope with climate change while addressing the critical issues related to the food system," Arborea founder and CEO Julian Melchiorri said. "This pilot plant will produce sustainable healthy food additives while purifying the air, producing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the surrounding environment.”
Melchiorri has already had some success with his astonishing project, the world's first living bionic chandelier(仿生吊灯)，which uses the same technology. The light of the chandelier stimulates photosynthesis of the microorganisms on the leaf-shaped modules, absorbing the CO2 inside and releasing oxygen back into the room. The chandelier currently holds pride of place in London's Victoria and Albert Museum's permanent collection.
1.Why did the Imperial College London cooperate with Arborea?
A.To study the reason for air pollution in London.
B.To search for the new sustainable energy.
C.To trial the new technology of Arborea.
D.To settle the social issues.
2.What can be learned about the biosolar leaf?
A.It functions just like solar panels.
B.It imitates the natural process of photosynthesis.
C.It is aimed at producing sustainable healthy food.
D.It has been applied in large amounts in our daily life.
3.What is the best title for the text?
A.London's pride—the chandelier
B.The secret of algae found recently
C.An astonishing project benefiting Londoners a lot
D.World's first biosolar leaf to take on air pollution
4.Which column of a web page is the text probably taken from?
A.Environment and marine biology. B.Society and development.
C.Science and technology. D.Bionic design and modern life
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Air pollution is a killer. The World Health Organization says it kills about seven million people around the world each year. Even if1.(pollute) air does not kill us, it can make us very sick. 2.(wear) face masks, people walk past heavy traffic as Beijing is hit by a sandstorm. The government in Beijing issued a blue warning on air pollution as sandstorms swept through the Chinese capital city.
However, breathing in dirty air3.(frequent) may do more harm to your body,4.can also affect your brain and your ability to think. A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge decrease in our5.(intelligent).The researchers reported that long term suffering air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two6. (area):language and math.
The researchers studied about 25,000 people from across China. Between 2010 and 2014, these Chinese men, women and children 7.(give) language and math tests. The researchers found that breathing in 8.air which has been polluted can reduce a person's education level by about one year. The effect generally is even9. (bad)for those over years of age, for men and for those with little or no education. The researchers noted that the effect of pollution10. language ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated.
高二英语语法填空简单题查看答案及解析
The question______new measures should be taken to control the terrible air pollution is______puzzles scientists a lot.
A. that; what B. which; that C. what; what D. which; that
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among top human carcinogens (致癌物质), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the IARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀胱) cancer. Loomis said people in Asia, Eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure(暴露). Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog, really good for teachers and students.
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser（较少的、次要的） degree than most developing nations. Between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the IARC said its conclusions apply to all areas of the world. “Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
1.What’s the main task of IARC?
A. To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B. To evaluate the air quality.
C. To study the developing risk of cancer.
D. To send signals to the international community.
2.The underlined word “suspend” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.
A. accelerate B. acknowledge
C. delay D. decline
3.Why should the international community take action without further delay?
A. A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.
B. More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C. Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D. The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.
4.What might be the best title of the passage?
A. PM2.5，bad effect.
B. Safety limits of air pollution.
C. Signals of air pollution.
D. Air pollution, cancer risk.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Air pollution may be causing baldness, scientists have shown for the first time. A new study found that fine particulate matter emitted by cars would damage the skin that holds hair follicles (毛囊) in place. A series of laboratory tests on human cells showed that levels of the crucial proteins needed for hair to grow and be retained decreased when they were exposed to pollution particles. While there is a growing body of evidence showing how these tiny particles can damage internal health, including by entering the bloodstream through the lungs, this is the first to demonstrate such a risk to the surface of the body.
The study was conducted by exposing cells from the human follicle dermal papilla cells(HFDPCs), to various concentrations of PM10-like dust and diesel particles (柴油颗粒). After 24 hours the researchers performed a process, known as western blotting, to detect the levels of specific proteins in the cells.
The results showed that the presence of PM10 and diesel particles decreased levels of B-catenin, the protein responsible for hair growth. The study also revealed that the levels of three other proteins — cyclin D1, cyclin E and CDK2, which are responsible for hair growth and hair retention, were decreased by PM10-like dust and diesel particles in a “dose-dependent” manner.
Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon, who led the study at the Future Science Research Centre, said, “While the link between air pollution and serious diseases such as cancer and lung diseases is well established, there is little-to-no research on the effect of particulate matter exposure on the human skin and hair in particular. Our research explains the mode of action of air pollutants on HFDPCs, showing how the most common air pollutants lead to hair loss.”
Sources of PM include the burning of fossil fuels — petrol and diesel, as well as other solid fuels,and other industrial activities such as building, mining and the manufacturing of building materials like bricks.
“While it is difficult to escape from the surrounding pollution, limiting the time for walking in busy streets, especially during rush hour, should help reduce exposure,” said Dr Kwon. “If you are exercising outdoors, try to do so in areas that are less polluted and do not spend too much time waiting at traffic hot spots such as traffic lights.”
1.What did the new study find?
A.Air pollution can do great harm to our lungs.
B.The color of our skin can be influenced by air pollution.
C.Serious air pollution can probably prevent hair from growing.
D.Air pollution can affect hair growth by entering the bloodstream.
2.What is western blotting used to do?
A.To discover the protein helpful for hair growth.
B.To show the protein contents in the cells.
C.To compare different proteins in the cells.
D.To analyze the composition of hair cells.
3.What can we learn from Dr Hyuk Chul Kwon’s words?
A.His new research is superior to previous research.
B.The research he conducted is really of great importance.
C.The results of his new research need to be further improved.
D.A link between air pollution and diseases needs to be established.
4.What does Dr Kwon advise us to do?
A.To do as much exercise as possible.
B.To take action to reduce air pollution.
C.To avoid being exposed to air pollution.
D.To take public transport to avoid traffic jams.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
What is the lecture about?
A. An exhibition. B. Air pollution. C. Environmental protection.
高二英语短对话中等难度题查看答案及解析
The question that puzzled them is ____ they can get rid of the air pollution in the area.
A. how is it that B. that is how C. what is that D. how it is that
高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
With the development of industry，air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Shanghai, many people suffer from different kinds of illnesses because 1. air pollution.
Air pollution is 2. (main) caused by the following reasons. About half of the problem is caused by vehicles(交通工具). There are more and more cars and buses on the road, 3. give off 4. (poison) gases. 35% of air pollution is caused by factories. 5. factor is smoking. 6. (smoke) does harm to others’ health as well as to __7. of the smokers. Besides, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures to fight against pollution. New fuel can be used to take _8. place of gas. We can plant more trees，grass and flowers. All in all, if everybody realizes the 9. (important) of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem 10. (solve).
高二英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is reported that in our country cities ________ heavy air pollution that is 30 percent above the national standard or higher should try to meet standards by 2030.
A．suffering B．suffer C．suffered D．are suffering
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The air is deadly polluted because some factories don’t__________the rules to protect the environment.
A. appreciate B. regard C. honor D. respect
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析