For people moving to Australia, Price (2001) has identified certain values which may give rise to cultural shock. Firstly, he argues that Australians place a high value on independence and personal choice. This means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do, but will give them a number of options and suggest they work out which one is the best in their circumstances. It also means that they are expected to take action if something goes wrong and seek out resources and support for themselves.
Australians are also prepared to accept a range of opinions rather than believe there is one truth. This means that in an educational setting, students will be expected to form their own opinions and defend the reasons for that point of view and the evidence for it.
Price also comments that Australians are uncomfortable with differences in status and hence idealize the idea of treating everyone equally. An illustration of this is that most adult Australians call each other by their first names. This concern with equality means that Australians are uncomfortable taking anything too seriously and are even ready to joke about themselves.
Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure time. As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as doing nothing but study.
Australian concepts of privacy mean that areas such as financial matters, appearance and relationships are only discussed with close friends. While people may volunteer such information, they may dislike someone actually asking them unless the friendship is firmly established. Even then, it is considered very impolite to ask someone what they earn. With older people, it is also rude to ask how old they are, why they are not married or why they do not have children. It is also impolite to ask people how much they have paid for something, unless there is a very good reason for asking.
Kohls (1996) describes cultural shock as a process of change marked by four basic stages. During the first stage, the new arrival is excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the ''honeymoon'' stage. Like a tourist, they are interested in all the new sights and sounds, new smiles and tastes of their surroundings. They may have some problems, but usually they accept them as just part of the novelty (新奇事物). At this point, it is the similarities that stand out, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way of life are very much alike. This period of euphoria may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.
During the second stage, known as the ''rejection'' stage, the newcomer starts to experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and the way they were accustomed to living. The initial enthusiasm turns into annoyance, frustration, anger and depression, and these feelings may cause people to reject the new culture so that they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In addition, they may feel homesick. bored, withdrawn during this period as well.
Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as ''adjustment''. During this stage transition occurs to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer begins to understand more of the new culture, things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills, and feelings of disorientation (迷失方向) and anxiety no longer affect them.
In Kohls’s model, in the fourth stage, newcomers undergo a process of adaptation. They have settled into the new culture, and this results in a feeling of direction and self-confidence. They have accepted the new food, drinks, habits and customs and may even find themselves enjoying some of the very customs that bothered them so much previously. In addition. they realize that the new culture has good and bad things to offer and that no way is really better than another, just different.
1.According to Paragraph 1, teachers may expect students to _______ in class in Australia.
A.obey teachers' instructions
B.ask for advice when necessary
C.have a discussion with partners freely
D.explore possible solutions by themselves
2.Which of the following might most Australians agree with?
A.Be just to all, but trust none.
B.Truth never fears investigation.
C.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
D.Share joy is double joy and sorrow half sorrow.
3.What does the underlined word ''euphoria'' in Paragraph 6 mean?
A.Excitement. B.Confidence. C.Frustration. D.Conflict.
4.According to Kohls, if an exchange student from China has managed to host a summer Christmas event though he felt a bit awkward, he might be in Stage _______.
A.Four B.Three
C.Two D.One
5.In which column might this article appear?
A.Intercultural Communication. B.International Education.
C.Global Business. D.Leisure Guide.
6.According to the passage, what is the right attitude towards cultural shock?
A.When in a new culture, hold on to our own.
B.When in a new culture, accept the good things.
C.When facing difference in a new culture, accept it.
D.When feeling uncomfortable in a new culture, neglect it.
高三英语阅读理解困难题
For people moving to Australia, Price (2001) has identified certain values which may give rise to cultural shock. Firstly, he argues that Australians place a high value on independence and personal choice. This means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do, but will give them a number of options and suggest they work out which one is the best in their circumstances. It also means that they are expected to take action if something goes wrong and seek out resources and support for themselves.
Australians are also prepared to accept a range of opinions rather than believe there is one truth. This means that in an educational setting, students will be expected to form their own opinions and defend the reasons for that point of view and the evidence for it.
Price also comments that Australians are uncomfortable with differences in status and hence idealize the idea of treating everyone equally. An illustration of this is that most adult Australians call each other by their first names. This concern with equality means that Australians are uncomfortable taking anything too seriously and are even ready to joke about themselves.
Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure time. As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as doing nothing but study.
Australian concepts of privacy mean that areas such as financial matters, appearance and relationships are only discussed with close friends. While people may volunteer such information, they may dislike someone actually asking them unless the friendship is firmly established. Even then, it is considered very impolite to ask someone what they earn. With older people, it is also rude to ask how old they are, why they are not married or why they do not have children. It is also impolite to ask people how much they have paid for something, unless there is a very good reason for asking.
Kohls (1996) describes cultural shock as a process of change marked by four basic stages. During the first stage, the new arrival is excited to be in a new place, so this is often referred to as the ''honeymoon'' stage. Like a tourist, they are interested in all the new sights and sounds, new smiles and tastes of their surroundings. They may have some problems, but usually they accept them as just part of the novelty (新奇事物). At this point, it is the similarities that stand out, and it seems to the newcomer that people everywhere and their way of life are very much alike. This period of euphoria may last from a couple of weeks to a month, but the letdown is inevitable.
During the second stage, known as the ''rejection'' stage, the newcomer starts to experience difficulties due to the differences between the new culture and the way they were accustomed to living. The initial enthusiasm turns into annoyance, frustration, anger and depression, and these feelings may cause people to reject the new culture so that they notice only the things that cause them trouble, which they then complain about. In addition, they may feel homesick. bored, withdrawn during this period as well.
Fortunately, most people gradually learn to adapt to the new culture and move on to the third stage, known as ''adjustment''. During this stage transition occurs to a new optimistic attitude. As the newcomer begins to understand more of the new culture, things make more sense and the culture seems more familiar. As a result, they begin to develop problem-solving skills, and feelings of disorientation (迷失方向) and anxiety no longer affect them.
In Kohls’s model, in the fourth stage, newcomers undergo a process of adaptation. They have settled into the new culture, and this results in a feeling of direction and self-confidence. They have accepted the new food, drinks, habits and customs and may even find themselves enjoying some of the very customs that bothered them so much previously. In addition. they realize that the new culture has good and bad things to offer and that no way is really better than another, just different.
1.According to Paragraph 1, teachers may expect students to _______ in class in Australia.
A.obey teachers' instructions
B.ask for advice when necessary
C.have a discussion with partners freely
D.explore possible solutions by themselves
2.Which of the following might most Australians agree with?
A.Be just to all, but trust none.
B.Truth never fears investigation.
C.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
D.Share joy is double joy and sorrow half sorrow.
3.What does the underlined word ''euphoria'' in Paragraph 6 mean?
A.Excitement. B.Confidence. C.Frustration. D.Conflict.
4.According to Kohls, if an exchange student from China has managed to host a summer Christmas event though he felt a bit awkward, he might be in Stage _______.
A.Four B.Three
C.Two D.One
5.In which column might this article appear?
A.Intercultural Communication. B.International Education.
C.Global Business. D.Leisure Guide.
6.According to the passage, what is the right attitude towards cultural shock?
A.When in a new culture, hold on to our own.
B.When in a new culture, accept the good things.
C.When facing difference in a new culture, accept it.
D.When feeling uncomfortable in a new culture, neglect it.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Hot spots of drones (无人机) in Australia are getting sensors to automatically identify the aircraft and their pilots. Australia’s Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) said it would fix the equipment at the nation’s airports starting next month. The monitors have been planned for some time, but come in the wake of 72 hours of drone-related disorder at the UK’s Gatwick airport last week.
In 2019, Australia will also start a scheme to register drone owners. The UK is also due to introduce a scheme in November that will require recreational drones weighing 250g (0.55lb) or more to be registered.
Almost 140,000 air travellers were delayed last week after reports of drone sightings caused huge delays at Gatwick Airport. UK police are still searching for the criminals, although they have also raised the possibility that witness reports of the aircraft were mistaken. The incident “highlights” the need for a drone-spotting capability (能力), CASA spokesman Peter Gibson told the news agency Agence France-Presse. The supervision system would be able to spot the types of drone being flown, read their serial numbers and work out where the pilot was located, he said. Efforts to identify pilots would be aided by the introduction of the registration scheme for commercial and casual drone owners, he added. “2019 will witness severe action towards drone safety,” said Mr. Gibson. As well as airports and other sensitive locations, the drone-spotting systems will be fixed in other places known to be popular with drone owners such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge.
Authorities in Australia have expressed worries about the number of drones being flown in controlled areas in recent months. Anyone breaking rules could face fines of up to 10,000 Australian dollars ($7,058; £5,600) as well as checks on the safety of their craft. “In 2019 it could be very expensive doing the wrong thing with your drone,” said Mr. Gibson. Events at Gatwick were discussed by ministers in a Christmas Eve phone conference. It is understood that the Cabinet Office “pushed” the Ministry of Defence and the Home Office to update their relevant regulations. They also discussed defence systems across the UK’s airports.
1.What does the underlined phrase “in the wake of” probably mean?
A. indicating. B. causing.
C. preventing. D. following.
2.What helps the system work out the identity of the pilot?
A. Registration scheme. B. The airport.
C. Witness report. D. The government.
3.What do we know from the passage?
A. The recreational drones will be required to register next year.
B. The system will be fixed in all the hot tourist spots.
C. Anyone flying the drones will be fined up to $7,058.
D. There was no solid evidence of drone sights at Gatwick Airport.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Heavy fines to be given to the pilots
B. Functions of the drone-identifying system
C. Australia to set up drone-spotting system
D. Problems facing drone owners
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The news _____ the housing price will fall has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices．
A．which B．that C．whatever D．what
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
We then moved to Paris in 2001, ________we lived for six years.
| A．when | B．where | C．that | D．there |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
D
The price of gas has been going up. We do not know when it will end. Many people want to know how they can save gas. The best way to save gas is to change driving habits.
The accelerator (加速器) or gas pedal, has a lot to do with how much gas you use. The faster you drive, the more gas you use. Drivers should slow down a bit to save gas. Driving at a steady speed helps to save much gas you use. Accelerating slowly to get to the speed you want to go helps save gas too.
The more you drive your car, the more gas you use. Think about the places you need to go before leaving your home. You should run as many errands (差事) that you need to do in one trip. Always try to pick the shortest route when going somewhere.
Cars that are in good working condition use less gas. Take care of your car. Make sure the engine is running well and is tuned up often. Have a repairman check it if something seems wrong.
Tires are important too. Keep the tires inflated (饱满) properly on a car. It will help the car roll better and will get you better mileage （英里数） If the tires of a car are worn then they should be replaced.
Finally, think about using your car less. Walk or ride a bike if you do not have far to go. Carpool (合伙用车) or take public transportation when you can. Leaving your car at home really saves gas.
There are many ways a person can save gas. These are just a few ideas that can help you save some money at the gas pump. Try changing the way you drive and see how much it saves you!
68. Which of the following can help save gas?
A. Driving as fast as you can.
B. Accelerating quickly to get to the speed you want.
C. Driving fast a little now and slowly a little then.
D. Driving at a speed that is, seldom changed.
69. The underlined sentence in the 3rd paragraph probably means you should
A. do as many things as you can in one trip
B. go to as many places as you can in one trip
C. take as many people as you can in one trip
D. use as many ways of driving as you can in one trip.
70. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Always keep your car in good working condition. B. Never use your car unless it is necessary.
C. Replace your tires if they are worn out. D. Always stick to your own driving habits.
71. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. How to use your car correctly.
B. How to save gas when using your car.
C. How to deal with the price of gas.
D. How to form good driving habits.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Australia is famous for its beautiful beaches. And Australian people love swimming and going to the beach. But it wasn’t always that way.
Different Climate, Different Habits
When Europeans first invaded Australia, the only people here who were good at swimming were the Aboriginal people. The Europeans came from climates where it was too cold to swim. However the warm climate of Australia soon changed their attitude to swimming. At first, only men swam. They swam without any clothes on—there were no women to see them.
Cover up!
By the 1880 and 1890s visiting the beach was very fashionable. People wore everyday street clothes—much more than people wear at the beach today.
In those days people believed they should cover their most body so it would not be seen by the opposite sex. Special bathing costumes were designed for women. This costumes used a lot of cloth and were very heavy when wet, making it difficult to swim.
Laws Made and Laws Changed
The government decided to stop men swimming naked. It passed a law which forbade bathing between 6 am and 7 am. But in 1903, the laws changed; people could swim in the daytime, but they had to wear neck-to-knee costumes.
The Shrinking Costume
As time passed, swimming costumes became smaller and more convenient.
At first men and women were covered from neck to knee. Then arms became bare. Then more of the legs were uncovered. Each new change was regarded by many as shocking and rude and people wrote letters to the newspapers complaining about the new costume. Nowadays some people go to special “nude beaches” to swim naked.
However, most people cover their bodies more than they did ten years ago—not because they think bare skin is shocking—but to protect their skin from the harmful rays of the sun.
1.Which of the following statements about the climate of Australia is TRUE?
A. It made European settlers think differently about swimming.
B. It changed European settlers’ swimming costume.
C. It made European settlers feel much hotter.
D. It made European settlers have to swim naked.
2. What should swimmers do during the late 19th century?
A. They should hide when they meet a person of the opposite sex.
B. They should cover their body to avoid being seen by the opposite sex.
C. They should wear many heavy clothes on beaches.
D. They should wear special wet costumes designed for them.
3.What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. People were surprised by each new change and criticized it.
B. People were amazed by each new change and praise it.
C. Only newspapers were in favor of each new change.
D. Only newspapers thought poorly of each new change.
4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?
A. People worry about getting skin cancer from too much sun.
B. People protected their swimming costumes from too much sun.
C. People are greatly shocked by the nude beaches.
D. People think it rude to swim with the smaller costumes.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Some people prefer to work and live in Chengdu, for the price of an apartment is less than half of ________ of big cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.
A. it B. what C. that D. One
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
He____ in London for many years, but he has never regretted his final decision to move back to China.
A．lived B．was living C．have lived D．had lived
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go.
A. looked for B. looking for C. were looking for D. had been looking for
高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Though Professor Liu ____ in New York for seven years, he has never regretted moving back to Shanghai, his hometown.
| A．lived | B．has lived | C．had lived | D．was living |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析