This year marks exactly two centuries since t...

This year marks exactly two centuries since the publication of Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of fiction that would foresee many ethical(道德的) questions to be raised by technologies yet to come. Today the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) raises fundamental questions: “What is intelligence, identity, or consciousness? What makes human conscience(良知)？”

What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade(难倒) scientists. Yet humans remain fascinated by the idea of robots that would look, move, and respond like humans, similar to those recently on popular sci-fi TV series such as “West World” and “Humans”.

How people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist. “We are just in a situation where there are no good theories explaining what consciousness actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.”

But that doesn’t mean essential ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, raises difficult ethical questions. Human drivers sometimes must make split-second decisions. Their reactions may be a complex combination of instant reflections, input from past driving experiences, and what their eyes and ears tell them in that moment. AI “vision” today is not nearly as complicated as that of humans. And to foresee every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.

Whenever decisions are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tan Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AI. Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines. Britain is setting up a data ethics center. India released its AI ethics strategy this spring.

Only when we can make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.

1.Why did the author mention Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein at the beginning of the passage?

A.Because it has remained popular for as long as 200 years.

B.Because it fascinates AI scientists all over the world.

C.Because it has sparked serious ethical controversies.

D.Because it involves some concerns raised by AI today.

2.In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousness ________

A.helps explain artificial intelligence. B.can be misleading to robot making.

C.inspires popular sci-fi TV series. D.is too limited for us to reproduce it.

3.The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehicles ________

A.can hardly ever be found. B.is still beyond our power.

C.causes little public concern. D.has aroused much curiosity.

4.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A.AI’s Future: In the Hands of Tech Giants

B.Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age of AI

C.The Conscience of AI: Complex But Unavoidable

D.AI Shall Be Killers Once Out of Control

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

This year marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A half-century ago, activists　 1.(walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in　 2.(respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment, 3.(lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of color and poor people are often the first　 4. (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps,　 5. there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.

But you don’t have to be an activist to make　 6.difference—in fact there are many tiny everyday　 7.(effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn’t start with Earth Day and indigenous people (原住民) protecting the earth as 8.(they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the　 climate crisis this way and take it　 9. (serious) as well. It isn’t just polar bears and plastic bags 10.an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

This year marks 45 years since Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon,taking“one small step for man and one giant leap for mankind.”Overall,12 American astronauts have walked on the lunar landscape,the last doing so in 1972.

Enthusiasm for space travel has always increased and decreased.In 2010,President Barack Obama cut funds for a NASA mission that would haveput humans back on the moonby 2020.“I understand that some believe that we should attempt a return to the surface of the Moon first,as previously planned.But I just have to say here:We’ve been there before,”said Obama.NASA Administrator Charles Bolden has alsothrown cold wateron the idea of a return mission to the moon.

But others believe there are benefits to going back to the moon.“It’s the closest future body to us,making it the least challenging to explore all the planets,moons and asteroids(小行星)in our solar system,”wrote Gene R.Grushfrom NASA Johnson Space Center.Richard Vondrak,deputy(代理的)director of the Solar System Exploration Division at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center,said,“Astronauts can accomplish scientific exploration that is beyond the capability of robotic explorers.”

And then there’s the private sector.In the last few years,several private companies have launched rockets of their own,ending the public sector’s monopoly(垄断)on space flight.Meanwhile,Buzz Aldrin,the second person to walk on the moon,believes that there’s amuch better goalfor exploration:Mars.“We’ve walked on the moon,so we understand it better than anything else,”Aldrinsaid.“We’ve got to start thinking of long-term investments.”

1.What can we know about Neil Armstrong’s walking on the moon?

A. He stepped on the moon in 1972.　　 B. It is highly thought of in the world.

C. It took astronauts 45 years to do that.　　 D. He did it together with 11 astronauts.

2.What can we learn about Gene R.Grush?

A. He hopes to use robots to explore the moon.

B. He thinks the moon is the easiest to explore.

C. He thinks we should explore all the stars.

D. He’s the deputy director of NASA.

3.Who supports exploring the Mars?

A. Charles Bolden.　　 B. Richard Vondrak.　　 C. Buzz Aldrin.　　 D. President Obama

4.What can be the best title of the text?

A. Should we go back to the moon?　　 B. How can we return to the moon?

C. What can we find in the universe?　　 D. Should we do a research on space?

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

To this day,I still remember the first day of classes exactly 30 years ago. I  _16_ in Dr Charles E. Offutt’s British literature class，listening to him _17_ what his seniors would learn and get them excited about the journey they would __18__ .I’m the principal(校长) of the school now，but for a few minutes I was back in 1975，__19__ what the future held.

I have been learning from Dr Offutt for 30 of the 51 years he has been teaching at DeMatha. he not only taught me to think，he _20_ me，as much by example as _21__，that it was my moral duty to do so and to serve __22_ .

Neither of us could know how our _23_ would develop over the years. When I first came back to DeMatha to teach English，I worked for Dr Offutt，then the department chair. After several years，I was _24__ department chair，and our relationship changed __25__. I thought that it might be __26__chairing the department，since all of my former English teachers were still there，but Dr Offutt _27__ me throughout. he knew when to give me _28__ about curriculum(课程)，texts and personnel，and when to let me design my own course.

In 1997，I needed his advice about leaving DeMatha to become principal at another school. If he had asked me to stay at DeMatha，I might have. _29_，he encouraged me to seize the new __30_ .

Five years ago,I became the__31_  of DeMatha. Once again, Dr Offutt was there for me,Letting me know that I could__32_ on him as I tried to fill such big shoes.I’ve learned that great teachers have a (an)___33__wealth of lessons to teach __34_ his students don’t know it yet.I know how __35_ they are.I’m still one of them.

高三英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

This year Canada’s navy is one hundred years old. To mark the occasion, military ships from six different countries around the Pacific Ocean came to Canada for a four-day celebration. There were parades, parties and demonstrations of navy search and rescue aircraft and a show put on by the Snowbirds.

The Snowbirds, Canada’s aerobatic team, fly Tudor jet aircraft that are not particularly fast or particularly new but with amazing and sometimes hair-raising precision. They put a formation of nine aircraft into a space that would normally hold only one and they change the information in flight, roll it, loop it, break it and reform it in a dizzying ballet in the sky. The Snowbirds are one of the best aerobatic flying teams in the world and they are a readily recognized symbol of Canada just as the Great Wall is a recognized symbol of China. For a Canadian, watching the Snowbirds fly can bring tears. They make us very proud.

The Snowbirds have been flying since 1971. All of the pilots are serving members of the Canadian Air Force. They are all very young, all are highly-skilled and each is attached to the Snowbirds for two or three years. Each winter they practice in the cold, clear skies and each summer they put on more than fifty air-shows across the country and sometimes abroad. What they do is highly specialized. They often fly less than two meters from each other at speeds of about seven hundred and fifty kilometers an hour.

Flying is, by its nature, inherently risky and what the Snowbirds do increases that risk. While the pilots are all highly trained professionals, eight Snowbird pilots have been killed over the years. I have been fortunate enough to watch the Snowbirds fly probably fifteen or twenty times and if I know they are going to be flying I will go to see them again and again. This is not because I want to see someone do something dangerous, it is because I want to see something done so well—it is almost unbelievably precise and beautiful. I want to watch nine aircraft in an incredibly tight formation, each one painted in the red and white of my country’s flag, soaring through the cloudless blue sky. I want to feel that pride and that tear just behind my eyelids that comes from watching something uniquely and wonderfully Canadian.

1..

Which of the following is TRUE about the Snowbirds?

A. The aircraft they fly are particularly fast and new.

B. They are the best aerobatic flying team in the world.

C. They are regarded as a symbol of Canada.

D. Every year they put on more than fifty air-shows across the country.

2..

. The underlined word “inherently” in the last paragraph refers to ________.

A. naturally          B. truly         C. entirely           D. nearly

3..

Why does the author like to watch the Snowbirds fly?

A. Because he wants to see someone do something dangerous.

B. Because the flying is unbelievably precise and beautiful.

C. Because his country’s flag is painted on each one.

D. Because watching them fly can make people cry.

4..

Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Air-shows of the Snowbirds

B. A Four-day Celebration of Canada

C. The Training of Highly-skilled Pilots

D. A National Symbol -- the Snowbirds

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

This year marks the 170th anniversary of Paul Gauguin’s birth. He lived for just 54 years but he packed his brief life with activity.

The French painter spent his early childhood in Peru before returning to France. As an adult, he continued to travel a lot. Most famously, he spent much of the last decade of his life in Tahiti, an island in southern Pacific Ocean. Indeed, Gauguin is best known for his colorful paintings of Tahitians and their culture.

The restlessness of this great painter has been normal among modern artists since the middle of the 19th century. They’re never satisfied for long with a certain style or way of life. Once something becomes conventional, it’s turned down.

The artistic culture that Gauguin developed from was that of Impressionism (印象派). Painters like Claude Monet had wanted to paint how they saw the world, not how their teachers taught them it should be seen. Gauguin, and similar artists like his friend Vincent van Gogh, moved even further away from “respectable” art than the Impressionists. For them, it was not simply a matter of seeing the world differently, but feeling and thinking about it differently, too.

Gauguin saw, felt and thought differently from most members of European society. He thought that European culture was too fancy and not spontaneous. This is why he turned to the traditions of other parts of the world, like Africa, and, eventually, Tahiti. Artists like Gauguin used the word “primitive” for these cultures, but not as a negative term. For him, Europe, in becoming modem, industrial and scientific, seemed less natural than other parts of the world.

In truth, Gauguin’s paintings may be unconventional but they are certainly not “primitive”. They are the work of a painter with great awareness of what he was doing. It was this awareness that made him such an important painter for those that came after, in the 20th century. When we look closely at the works of Gauguin we begin to understand Pablo Picasso, and especially Henri Matisse, a little better.

1.What can we infer about Gauguin’s life?

A. He had an unhappy childhood. B. He lived most of his life in Peru.

C. He enjoyed painting in Tahiti. D. He preferred a traditional life style.

2.What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 4?

A. To explain why Gauguin’s works were popular.

B. To point out where Gauguin’s inspiration came from.

C. To show Gauguin’s different understanding of painting.

D. To compare Gauguin’s painting style with Vincent van Gogh’s.

3.Which of the following best explains “spontaneous” underlined in Paragraph 5?

A. Natural. B. Modern. C. Industrial. D. Scientific.

4.The author mentions Picasso and Matisse in the last paragraph to show ________.

A. their styles are different from Gauguin’s B. great artists share many similarities

C. they are as important as Gauguin D. Gauguin’s influence on their works

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

This year, the World Mental Health Day on Oct 10 was marked by the theme: “Depression: A Global Crisis”. According to the World Federation for Mental Health and the WHO, depression has moved beyond the medical domain(领域) to become a social problem. Statistics from the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center show that of the 287,000 people who commit suicide in China every year, 70 percent are victims of depression.

“This equates to one depression victim taking their life every three minutes,” cited CCTV recently. According to the Beijing-based Capital Medical University, the number of depression patients has been on the rise in the past years and now accounts for 5 to 10 percent of the population, more than the global average of 5 percent.

Wang Shaoli, vice-president of Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, a medical center specializing in mental health, said that what makes depression so widespread is that everybody can get it.

“No one is immune to depression,” said Wang. “It has become a social problem because depression kills one’s social capabilities, such as communication, and leads to a negative social mentality.”

According to Wang, depression can be treated with medicine and early psychological consultation. The real problem is the lack of awareness surrounding the issue.

“People with mental health illnesses are discriminated against,” said Wang. “So they are reluctant to go to hospital and often keep the pain to themselves, which only makes matters worse.” Only one in 10 depression victims are properly treated in China, according to the Beijing Suicide Research and Prevention Center.

“When people get depressed, it becomes part of their thoughts, making them negative, even desperate,” said Wang. “And the ideas are difficult to change.” That’s why Wang suggests early intervention.

“Normally it takes about nine months to treat depression,” said Wang. “But in most cases, patients drop treatment half way when they feel some progress.”

1.How is Para1& 2 mainly supported when it tells that depression has become a social problem?

A．By giving data                          B．By making definition

C．By analyzing causes                      D．By making comparisons

2.According to the passage, which of the following are true EXCEPT________ ?

A．people with depression are more likely to commit suicide.

B．the percentage of depression patients is larger in China than that in the world.

C．more and more people have been suffering from depression.

D．depression can destroy people’s immune system and social capabilities

3.People with mental illnesses are unwilling to go to hospital because __________.

A．the victims think that they will get well soon

B．they are discriminated against and don’t want others to know their illnesses

C．there are few medical centers specializing in mental health

D．there is no way to treat them

4.In Wang Shaoli’s opinion, the better way to deal with mental problem is to _________.

A．force the victims to go to hospital

B．keep their pain to themselves when it appears

C．keep positive and get early psychological consultation

D．more medical centers should be set up

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

This year’s flu season is pretty scary. To try to minimize the effects, public officials are still urging anyone who hasn’t yet gotten their flu shot to get one as soon as possible. However, even if every single person got a shot in the arm, the vaccine(疫苗)--- with its excellent 36 percent effectiveness---would not prevent everyone from getting infected with the annoying virus. Knowledge is power, so here's what goes on in your body when you come down with the flu.

The influenza virus primarily attacks your nose, throat, and the tubes that lead to your lungs. But the flu is so much more than that. Your muscles ache, your head hurts, and your appetite goes down, among other things. To our surprise, almost all of these symptoms have less to do with the virus itself than with your immune(免疫的)response to them. Unfortunately, the very defense you have in place to ge rid of the flu is the reason you feel so painful when you recover.

The virus usually enters through your mouth, typically by way of your hands But it takes a few days for symptoms to set in. While this process might cause some harm to your nose and throat, it's nothing major, and nothing like the symptoms that typically accompany a bad or even mild case of the flu.

The real fun starts when your immune system begins to fight. Your immune system comes in two parts: the innate system and the adaptive. The innate immune system is essentially an all-purpose tool. As soon as your body senses the presence of any injury or invader (入侵者), the innate immune system launches into action by producing tiny proteins called cytokines and chemokines. The cytokines reproduce almost immediately and start to attack the virus. This increase in immune cells creates an serious inflammation(炎症) throughout the body. But the worst is still to come. Meanwhile, the chemokines work with the adaptive immune system to help create T cells. These cells are a special type of white blood cell that works in a much more specific way: They find the influenza virus, identify what's special about it, and create something unique on their surface that finds and destroys similar invaders.

1.What can we infer from Paragraph 1?

A. All the vaccine is not effective.

B. No one can avoid catching this year's flu.

C. This year's flu is the most serious one in recent years.

D. Public health officials have to use a gun when necessary.

2.Why many parts of your body suffer while you're recovering from a flu?

A. Because recovery from illness is painful.

B. Because your immune system is working against your defense system.

C. Because your body is fighting hard against the flu.

D. Because the influenza virus attacks your nose, throat and other parts.

3.The underlined word “fun” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by　　　 .

A. joy

B. battle

C. action

D. program

4.What's the main idea of Paragraph 4?

A. The fight between innate immune system and the adaptive.

B. The categories of immune system.

C. The way immune system works.

D. The process of the development of immune system.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

China’s industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year, marking the best 1. (perform) since 2010, 2. the Made in China 2025 strategy (策略) helps to raise productivity and revenue(税收).

The increase is 0.5 percentage points 3. (high) than the targeted growth, partly 4. (drive) by strong efforts to increase the use of new technology at traditional enterprises(企业), Miao Wei said on Monday.

“The country’s industrial economy has maintained steady and sound growth thanks 5. the Made in China 2025 strategy. It promoted the combination of manufacturing and new technologies such as 6. Internet, big data and cloud computing,” Mina added.

The ministry also predicted that the country’s industrial output would be likely 7. (grow) by around 6 percent next year, with revenue from the telecommunications, Internet, and software and information technology service 8. (increase) by 50 percent, 30 percent and 13 percent, respectively.

According to Miao, the country will also publish policies 9. promoting the development of digital economy. Official data show that the country’s digital economy added up to 22.58 trillion yuan last year, ranking second 10. (global) and accounting for around 30 percent of national GDP.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1.Who is likely to be at the top of his class this year?

A. Jack.　　 B. Jason.　　 C. Mark.

2.What is Jason hoping to do?

A. Become a professor.

B. Make money from sports.

C. Go to Harvard University.

3.What is Mark interested in?

A. Football.　　 B. Baseball.　　 C. Law.

4.What is the woman's suggestion for the man?

A. To help Jason with his future plan.

B. To have a talk with his wife.

C. To have a talk with Mark.

高三英语长对话中等难度题查看答案及解析