请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文后的空格里填上适当的单词。(每空1词)
A great life doesn’t happen by accident.A great life is the result of arranging wisely Your time,energy,thoughts,and hard work towards what you want your life to be.A great life is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way,instead of just what comes next.Make these”secrets”to fit your own needs and style,and start creating your own great life today!
Simplify.People don’t interpret what simplify means in a correct way.It’s not a way to
remove work from your life.When you focus on simplifying your life,you free up energy and
time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here.
Effort.Creating a great life requires that you make some adjustments.It may mean
re.evaluating how you spend your time,or choosing to spend your money in a different way.
It may mean looking for new ways to spend your energy.Life will reward your best effort.
Create priorities.It’s easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets
your attention,instead of intentionally using the time,energy and money you have in a way
that’s important to you.Focus on getting rid of the obstacles that get in the way of you making
sure you are honoring your priorities.
Reserves.A great life is the result of having reserves--reserves of things,time,space,
energy,money.Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences,and that
allows you to make decisions that are based on what you really want instead of what the fear
decides for you.
Eliminate distractions.Look around at someone’s life you admire.Ask them how they did
it.Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you.
Thoughts.A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and
allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you! People who have specific goals
look for ways to achieve them.Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you
meet with year after year is really important to creating a life that you love.
Start.There’s the old saying everyone’s familiar with”a journey of a thousand miles
begins with a single step.”There’s no better time to start than today.Today,right now,is the
right day to start to take a step in the direction of your heart’s desires.It’s what you do
TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow.
A brief introduction | A great life doesn’t happen by 1.____________ A great life 2.__________ from arranging wisely your time energy,thoughts and hard work towards what you want your life to be A great life is the result of suing what you get in a creative and thoughtful way 3._______ than just what comes next |
Seven 4. ________to a great life | When you focus on simplifying your life you 5.______ energy and time to the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here |
It is 6.______ that you should make some adjustments in order to create a great life | |
Focus on 7.______ the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities | |
Reserves are important because they reduce the fear of consequences and that allows you to make decisions 8._________ on what you really want instead of what the fear decides for you | |
Fin ways to devote yourself to things that are more important to you | |
Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you 9._______ into year after year is really important to creating a life that you love | |
The old saying “ a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step” is familiar 10._______ us all It’s what you do TODAY that will make a difference in your life tomorrow |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。
Attachment is not just a connection between two people; it's a bond that involves a desire for regular contact with that person and the experience of distress(悲伤) during separation from that person.
According to psychologist John Bowilby, there are four critical characteristics of attachment. The first is the desire to be near those with whom we share an attachment since we are happy while staying with them. Attachments also create a safe shelter, meaning that during times of distress, fear, or uncertainty, we may seek out the people we're attached to for care and comfort. Next, attachment figures also offer a secure base for exploration. This is particularly important during childhood. This secure base allows kids to explore the world while they know they can still return to the safety of the attachment figure. Finally, we experience separation distress when parted from an attachment figure. For example, kids tend to become upset when parents have to leave them in the care of others.
Attachment serves a number of important purposes. For instance, it helps keep babies and children close to their caregivers so that they can avoid potential dangers, which in turn helps boost their chances of survival. However, if a child doesn't form a secure attachment to a caregiver, he or she will suffer from a number of problems including conduct disorder and oppositional -defiant (对立反抗的) disorder. Researchers also suggest that the type of attachment displayed early in life can have a lasting effect on later adult relationships.
Psychologist Harry Harlow conducted an experiment on social isolation in monkeys. Baby monkeys were separated from their mothers and placed with surrogate mothers (代母). One mother was simply a wire armature (电枢) that held a bottle, while the other mother was covered with a soft terry cloth material. Harlow found that the baby monkeys would receive food from the wire mother, but preferred to spend most of their time with the soft mother. When compared to monkeys that had been raised by their birth mothers, the monkeys raised by surrogate mothers were shyer and more nervous and suffered from social and emotional problems.
All in all, developing secure and healthy attachments early in life is very important. Such attachments play a vital role in our future development.
Attachment | |
Introduction to attachment | Attachment means that you feel so connected to someone else 1.that often want to contact him or her and you may feel distressed in the 2.of the person. |
Characteristics of attachment | ·We enjoy the 3. of those we’re attached to, so we always take any chance we get to be with them. ·We may tum to attachment figures when experiencing negative emotions. ·Attachment figures are always 4.and serve as powerful supporters when children 5.their surroundings. ·Any 6.from an attachment figure is an invitation to distress. |
Importance of attachment | ·Attachment makes children seek 7. from their caregivers, thus enabling them to survive. ·8.to form a secure attachment with a caregiver leads to a series of problems in children. ·Childhood attachment influences later adult relationships. |
An experiment | In a study, with their early attachments 9.baby monkeys are likely to suffer mentally,10.and emotionally. |
Conclusion | We should form secure and healthy attachments while young, because they will have important impacts on our future development. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
How to Study Smarter, Not Harder
Here are some of our favorite tips that will help any student study smarter, not harder:
Recite As You Study
Recitingsaying things out loud—should first take place as you read through each paragraph or section.Test yourself.This will help you to understand as well as learn faster because it is more active than reading or listening.It will also help you to notice your mistakes and the topics you have trouble understanding.
Study the Middle
The best time to review is soon after you've learned something.You are more likely to remember the material at the beginning and the end of the lesson, so make sure you focus on the middle when you review.
Take Fuller Notes
Notes should be in your own words, brief and clear.They should be tidy and easy to read.Writing notes will help you better than just underlining as you read, since it forces you to rewrite ideas in your own words.
Sleep on it
Study before going to bed, unless you are very tired.It's easier to remember material you've just learned after sleeping than after an equal period of daytime activity, because your brain continues to think even after you've fallen asleep.
Combing Memory and Understanding
There are two ways to remember:by memorizing and by understanding.Multiplication tables, telephone numbers, and math formulas are better learned by rote(死记硬背)while ideas are best learned by understanding.
The more ways you have to think about an idea, the more meaning it will have:the more meaningful the learning, the better you can remember it.Pay attention to similarities in ideas and concepts and then try to understand how they fit in with thing you already know.Never be satisfied with anything less than a completely clear understanding of what you are reading.If you are not able to follow the thought, go back to the place where you first got confused and try again.
Titles:Tips on 1.in a smarter way
Right things to be done
Details
2.
◆Help you study in an3. way
◆Make you aware of your mistakes and problems
Notes
4.
◆brief and clear
◆tidy and easy to read
Advantages
You can benefit a lot more than5. when you read.
Sleep on it
Studying before going to bed brings about better 6. for material you've just learned.
7. of memory and understanding
◆Considering an idea in as many different8. as possible.
◆9. similar ideas and concepts
◆Going back to what first cause your 10. and start again
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
Improve your memory
Do you find yourself forgetting where you left your keys or blanking out information on important tests? 1.Before your next big exam, be sure to check out some of these tried and tested ways of improving memory.
Focus your attention on the materials you are studying. Attention is one of the major parts of memory. In order for information to move from short-term memory into long-term memory, you need to actively attend to this information. 2.
Structure and organize the information you are studying. Researchers have found that information is best organized in related groups.3.Or you can make an outline of your notes and textbook readings to help group related concepts (概念).
4.When you are studying unfamiliar material, take the time to think about how this information relates to things that you already know. By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories, you can remember the recently learned information.
Pay extra attention to difficult information. Remembering information at the beginning or end of an article is easy. However, recalling information from its middle can be difficult. 5.Another way is to try restructuring what you have learned so it will be easier to remember. When you come across an especially difficult concept, devote some extra time to memorizing the information.
A. Use this approach in your own studies.
B. Try grouping similar concepts and terms together.
C. Relate new information to things you already know.
D. Repeat the information you are studying to improve memory.
E. Try to study in a quiet place and concentrate on your learning.
F. Fortunately, there are things that you can do to help improve your memory.
G. You can overcome this problem by spending extra time memorizing this information.
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
A book on etiquette (礼节) explained the proper behavior Americans should follow in many different social situations. But in modern society, it is not enough to simply know the proper rules for behavior in your own country. International travel for work and pleasure is becoming increasingly popular, which makes it necessary for people to understand the rules of etiquette in other cultures as well.
Take, for example, the etiquette required in giving and receiving gifts. Cultural differences may appear even in such simple processes. In Western cultures, a gift can be handed over to the receiver with relatively little ceremony. When a gift is offered,the receiver typically takes the gift while expressing his or her thanks. However, in some Asian cultures,the act of giving is an important aspect of gift-giving,and this process may appear confusing or frustrating to Westerners. In Chinese culture, a receiver will typically refuse to accept the gift at first, with the understanding between the giver and receiver that after being turned down several times, the gift will finally be accepted. In addition, to show respect for the receiver, it is customary in several Asian cultures to use two hands when offering a gift to another person.
After receiving a gift, tradition may demand that the person open the gift right away or, alternatively, wait before opening the gift. In many Western cultures, etiquette requires the receiver to open the gift immediately and show appreciation for the thoughtfulness of the giver. In Asian cultures, on the other hand, the gift may be accepted with appreciation and then set aside to be opened later. The gift will then be opened in private in order not to show their greed or impatience.
Another tip for cross-cultural gift-giving relates to wrapping presents, especially in choosing the color of paper used to wrap a gift. In Japan, for example, white or very bright colors are traditionally not good choices for wrapping a gift. In Japanese culture, white is the color associated with mourning and bright colors may be considered by some people to be vulgar (庸俗的).Plain white and black are also to be avoided when wrapping presents in China, because of the relation of these colors to funerals (葬礼). Joyful colors such as red, yellow, and pink are preferred in Chinese culture. In contrast, Europeans seem to prefer softer colors for wrapping presents. A good rule of thumb for wrapping gifts, especially for business travelers, is to travel with unwrapped gifts, and then wrap the gift with paper bought in the country where the gift will be given.
Finally, when choosing the appropriate gift to give, a good rule to bear in minds is the following: "Never give vodka to Russians, chocolate to Belgians, or beer to Germans." It is better to travel with quality gifts from one's own region or culture. These increase the chances of being appreciated in other cultures because of their unique nature.
Culturally Appropriate Gift-Giving
Brief Introduction | We need to have a good command of proper 1.and domestic gift-giving rules because of the increasing 2.of international travel. | |
Western cultures | Asian cultures | |
How to receive a gift | •Receivers take the gift, saying "thanks" to givers. | • Great importance are 3.to the act of gift- giving. •4.the refusals, receivers finally accept the Gift, which is common in China. •Giving gifts with two hands is a way to show respect for the receiver. |
When to open a gift | •Traditionally, receivers open the gift without 5.. •Givers are appreciated for their consideration. | •Receivers tend to set aside the gifts and 6.them privately later to avoid appearing 7.or impatient. |
How to wrap a gift | •Softer colours are accepted by people in European countries. | •Because of negative cultural meaning, white and bright colors are not good choices of the Japanese. •Chinese people 8.joyful colours to white and black. |
A good rule of 9.a gift to give | Quality gifts from one's own region or culture are more 10.to be appreciated in other cultures because of their unique nature. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is easy to miss amid the day-to-day headlines of global economic recession, but there is a less obvious kind of social upheaval(剧变)underway that is fast changing both the face of the planet and the way human beings live. That change is the rapid growth in urbanization. In 2008, for the first time in human history, more than half the world’s population was living in towns and cities. And as a recently published paper shows, the process of urbanization will only accelerate in the decades to come—with an enormous impact on biodiversity and potentially on climate change.
As Karen Seto, the lead author of the paper, points out, the wave of urbanization isn’t just about the migration of people into urban environments, but about the environments themselves becoming bigger to provide enough room for all those people. The rapid expansion of urban areas will have a huge impact on biodiversity hotspots and on carbon emissions in those urban areas.
Humans are the ultimate invasive species-when they move into new territory, they often displace the wildlife that was already living there. And as land is cleared for those new cities—especially in the dense tropical forests-carbon will be released into the atmosphere as well. It’s true that as people in developing nations move from the countryside to the city, the shift may reduce the pressure on land, which could in turn be good for the environment. This is especially so in desperately poor countries, where residents in the countryside slash and burn forests each growing season to clear space for farming. But the real difference is that in developing nations, the move from rural areas to cities often leads to an accompanying increase in income—and that increase leads to an increase in the consumption of food and energy, which in turn causes a rise in carbon emissions. Getting enough to eat and enjoying the safety and comfort of living fully on the grid is certainly a good thing-but it does carry an environmental price.
The urbanization wave can’t be stopped—and it shouldn’t be. But Seto’s paper does underscore the importance of managing that transition. If we do it the right way, we can reduce urbanization’s impacts on the environment “There’s an enormous opportunity here, and a lot of pressure and responsibility to think about how we urbanize,” says Seto. “One thing that's clear is that we can’t build cities he way we have over the last couple of hundred years. The scale of this transition won’t allow that.” We’re headed towards an urban planet no matter what, but whether it becomes heaven or hell is up to us.
Title | Urbanization |
Present 1. | Throughout the world, over half population live in urban areas with the process of urbanization still 2. up in the coming decade. |
Characteristics | ·People 3. into urban environments. ·Environments become bigger to 4. all those from rural areas. |
5. | Biodiversity hot-spots and carbon emissions in the areas will be 6.. |
Means of urbanization | ·7. the wildlife away from where they used to live. ·Clear land to make 8. for new cities. ·9. more food and energy, causing a rise in carbon emissions. |
Conclusion | We should 10. the way we have built cities so as to manage the transition and reduce the impacts on environment. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
Kinds of friendships
There are many different kinds of friendships to distinguish.If people are honest with one another and clearly define(界定)which kind of friendship they have,they can avoid a lot of misunderstanding.And if people can learn to move on from a relationship that is over,they will be better off.
Then,what are the different kinds of friendship?Well,the first kind is the social friend.This is the kind of friend that people have most of.This kind of friend isn't someone who you hang out with all the time or live with,but you know them and associate with(与…交往)them at a bar,store or some other public places.They're nice to talk to when you see them and are usually good for a laugh.However,they are not good to talk about a problem with.
The second kind is the counselor(顾问).This is a friend you go to when you need advice or just someone to listen.You value their wisdom or at least the fact that they are good at listening to you.You can tell this kind of friend almost anything without fearing gossip(闲言碎语).They are the kind of friend you can trust but you just don't hang out together,unless you want to talk about something important.
The third kind is the fun boy/girl.This kind of friend can usually be counted on to go somewhere with you at a moment's notice.They like hanging out with you whether you're going to a store or a bar or wherever.They're good tension relievers because you know you're just going to have a good time.This kind of friend isn't someone you go to for advice;in fact you shouldn't affect your relationship by getting serious about something.They're trustworthy and you know they aren't going to gossip about what you do together.Don't expect anything else from this kind of friend; just have a good time.
The fourth kind of is the work friend.This is the friend you have at work.You interact(交流)at work only.This may include having a break together,maybe even shopping with them or running an errand(差使)during lunch or after work.They're usually not good to get advice form but on some occasions things might be discussed and you might give each other advice.Mostly you talk about the job.
The last kind is the lifetime friend.This friendship is very rare and usually is found in marriage relationships. This kind of friend is all the above rolled into one.
Kinds of friendships | ||
Introduction | ※You will not1.your friends if you clearly define your friendship. ※It is good for you if you can recover from a(n)2.relationship soon. | |
Different kinds of friendships | The social friend | ※You associate with this kind of friend in some3.places. ※You can have a good time in talking with such friends,but you’d better not4.problems with them. |
The counselor | ※This kind of friend is someone you seldom hang out with but you can always5.them about your problems. ※They are good6.and can keep a secret. | |
The fun boy/girl | ※This kind of friend can make you7.by going somewhere with you. ※Though they are8.,you’d better associate with them just for fun. | |
The work friend | ※This kind of friend is for you to interact with just at work. ※The main9.of your talk is the job. | |
The lifetime friend | ※This kind of friend10.the main qualities of those friends mentioned above. | |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章.后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意每空一词
Have you ever kept your eyes groundward while otherwise presenting yourself well at a job interview? People who do often wonder why they fail to get the job despite having made full preparations and taken into consideration every possible interview question. To a large degree, the problem is not about your verbal preparation but rather your body language at an interview, Preparing your body language for an interview is crucial (至关重要的),because it has various meanings in different cultures.
And how does the language of gestures vary between Chinese and Western society? Instead of examining the theory, let’s focus on handshake, the most practical gesture that easily escapes our attention. Patti Wood once said, “Most of the hiring decisions are made in the first 10 seconds of an interview.” The way you shake the interviewer’s hand could create the first impression you make. A weak handshake implies lack of confidence. But is it wise to use a powerful handshake? It depends. This would not be a problem if you were shaking hands with a Westerner as they appreciate a firm handshake. But for Asian people a gentler handshake is better, as an over-powerful grip might seem offensive.
Hand gestures are another major difference. Western prospective employers are likely to appreciate interviewees who use their hands expressively, and to assume that those who keep their hands hidden are either distrustful or lacking in confidence. The opposite applies in Asia. Be sure, therefore, to keep your hand gestures to a minimum at interviews with local companies in China.
There are, apart from these two differences, other elements of body language that could ruin your interview wherever you are. You should make eye contact with your interviewer. That doesn’t mean you should glare directly into the interviewer’s eyes. The best point of focus would be a little lower than the middle point. Secondly, you shouldn’t touch your nose, lips or forehead. This tells the interviewer that you are either extremely nervous or lying. Lastly, never jiggle (抖动)your legs or fold your arms. Leg jiggling delivers clearly the message that you feel uneasy and want to escape as quickly as possible. Likewise, crossing your arms implies that you are either defensive or bored.
A research entitled “Non-Verbal Clues in Job Interviews” found that interviewers spotted a high connection between motivation, social skills and employment. Job seekers hence communicate their motivation and social skills through their body language. This crucial factor determines your fate in any job interview, which is why I cannot overemphasize (过分强调)the significance of body language and gestures. If you now recall your last failed interview, perhaps it is easier to understand why you didn’t get the job.
Don’t let body language 1.your job interview | |
Introduction | It is getting your body language well 2.that matters in an interview. |
Major 3. between Chinese and Western society | Handshake, the most practical gesture, can easily be 4.. Westerners appreciate a firm handshake, which might5.Asian people. |
To westerners, expressive hand gestures show you are 6.and confident. In China, you’d better 7.your hand gestures. | |
Other elements of body language | Make 8.eye contact with your interviewer. 9.touching your nose, lips or forehead. Never jiggle your legs or fold your arms. |
Conclusion | Your fate in any job interview 10.on your body language. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
China is expected to see a record high number of college graduates in 2018 as around 8.2 million students will obtain their degree this year, according to the latest statistics from Ministry of Education. The number of college graduates in China has been rising since 2001, which leads to a more competitive employment market.
However, besides fierce competition, many graduates admit that they face another big problem-employment discrimination. A research in 2017 shows that around 75.7 percent of new graduates said they were, to some extent, discriminated or suffered from injustice when finding jobs.
Female college graduates still face great wall of discrimination in the employment market. “Males only”, “Married with children preferred”: These are some of the conditions commonly found in recruitment (招募) advertisements. According to a research by Renmin University of China in 2015, male college graduates do have more interview opportunities than female college graduates despite the similar academic background and work experience.
Regional discrimination also becomes a barrier for job seekers. Some companies dismiss job seekers from specific regions due to the regional stereotypes (成见), like “Central China’s Henan Province is the cradle of liars” and “people from Northeast region are usually rude.”
Recruitment advertisements sometimes also show favor for local applicants. Non-locals had been denied jobs because their registered residence origin was not the same as the city where they were hunting for a job.
Apart from “invisible thresholds (门槛)” like gender and region, college graduates in recent years were disappointed to find that personal details like superstitions (迷信) about blood type, zodiac, and facial structure were all part of the decision-making process by some potential employers.
An applicant’s surname can also help or hamper (妨碍) job prospects. A family name that suggests prosperity, like Jin, which means “gold”; while a last name like Pei, which can mean “to lose money”, would likely be negative. Besides, job seekers also found that some employers paid much attention to their appearance rather than the working performance.
To fight against employment discrimination, both the government and society have made great efforts. In 2007, Employment Promotion Law was passed with the purpose of apposing employment discrimination and promoting justice in job recruitment.
The Ministry of Education in 2017 issued regulations to ban work discrimination in on-campus job fairs. This year, several cities, bureau of human resources required job fair organizers to set special reception desks so as to deal with job seekers, complaints about discrimination.
Non-profit organizations were established to oppose work discrimination, while legal aids were also provided to job seekers through social media platforms like Weibo and WeChat.
Employment Discrimination | |
Current1. | In addition to fierce competition, employment discrimination is another big problem 2. many graduates. |
Forms of employment discrimination | Gender discrimination: Male college graduates are more 3. to land a job than their female counterparts in spite of the similar educational qualifications and relevant job experience. |
Regional discrimination: • 4. from specific regions like Central China’s Henan Province and Northeast region are excluded from some companies. • Local registered residence origin is a 5. factor in finding a job. | |
Visible thresholds: Greater 6. is attached to personal details and appearance in 7. with the working performance. | |
8. made to fight against employment discrimination | • Passing laws to 9. to work discrimination and promote justice in job recruitment; • Issuing regulations to ban employment discrimination in on-campus job fairs; • Setting special reception desks to 10. job seekers’ complaints; • Establishing non-profit organizations to provide legal aids to job seekers through social media platforms. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is easy for many people to catch a cold in the springtime or fall. It makes us wonder if scientists can send a man to the moon, why can’t they find a cure for the common cold? The answer is easy. There are actually hundreds of kinds of cold viruses out there. You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure for each one.
When a virus attacks your body, your body works hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and cause a block in it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually eating the virus. Your temperature goes up and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting into your cells. You may feel very uncomfortable, but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.
Different people do different things to deal with colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to make themselves feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids. Other people take medicine to stop various symptoms (症状) of colds.
There is one interesting thing to note —some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it and kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. There is a joke, however, on taking medicine when you have a cold. It goes like this:
It takes about one week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine, but it takes only seven days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
Title | How Much You Know About the Common Cold |
Introduction | ◆People catch a cold 61.________ in spring or fall. ◆A 62. ________ of cold viruses exist everywhere. ◆It is hard to find a cure for each cold. |
The symptoms of the common cold | ◆The body’s blood as well as its temperature 63.________ , causing a fever. ◆You will find that you have some difficulty 64.________. ◆You have a runny nose, which makes you feel miserable. |
Some 65.________ of dealing with the common cold | ◆Drinking chicken soup to help you 66.________. ◆Taking hot baths and drinking warm 67. ________. ◆Taking some medicine. |
68.________by some scientists | ◆Taking medicine when having a cold will do 69.________ to the body. ◆Taking medicine or not will take you one week to 70.________ the common cold. |
高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析