Recently, researchers at the University of To...

Recently, researchers at the University of Toronto figured out a way with a quick video selfie to accurately measure blood pressure with your smartphone’s camera by developing a technology known as transdermal optical imaging (TOI)(透皮光学成像).

Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. Researchers measured the blood pressure of 1,328 Canadian and Chinese adults by getting two-minute videos of their faces on an iPhone. “From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information,” said Kang Lee, lead author of the study.

Lee also helped create an app called Anura, which allows people to try out the TOI software for themselves, giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate. Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair skin.

“In order to improve our app to make it usable, particularly for people with hypertension (高血压)，we need to collect a lot of data from them, which is very hard because a lot of them are already taking medicine,” Lee explained. “We cannot tell them not to take medicine, but from time to time, we get participants who don’t take medicine so we can get hypertensive people this way.”

The scientists said there were many potential applications of the technology, including providing health services for those who lived in remote areas.

1.What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2？

A.Information offered by TOI. B.New findings on hypertension.

C.How TOI is put into smart phones. D.How the TOI technology works.

2.What might people benefit from the new technology mentioned above?

A.Living a life free from stress. B.Improving the heart function gradually.

C.Accessing health services for free. D.Knowing abnormal blood pressure earlier.

3.What can be done for a better Anura?

A.Equipping phones with better cameras.

B.Allowing phones to record longer videos.

C.Collecting data from more diverse samples.

D.Persuading participants not to take medicine.

4.Why does the author write this text?

A.To predict future applications of TOI.

B.To introduce TOI and an app related.

C.To describe functions of cameras on phones.

D.To evaluate the quality of an app called Anura.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress­related disorders.

　　　 Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight­or­flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight­or­flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”)．

　　　 Scientists have long known that in the fight­or­flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones (激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend­or­befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete (分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.

　　　 In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.

　　　 The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.

The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress­related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend­and­befriend regulatory (调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.

1.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to ________.

A. turn to friends for help

B. solve a conflict calmly

C. find an escape from reality

D. seek comfort from children

2.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?

A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.

B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.

C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.

D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.

3.What can be learned from the passage?

A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.

B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.

C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.

D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. How men and women get over stress

B. How men and women suffer from stress

C. How researchers overcome stress problems

D. How researchers handle stress­related disorders

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress.This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress related disorders.

Until now，psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fightorflight” reaction to stress.In other words，individuals either react with aggressive behavior，such as verbal or physical conflict (“fight”)，or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (“flight”)．However，the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress.While men often react to stress in the fightorflight response，women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is，they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (“tend”)，and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”)．

Scientists have long known that in the fightorflight reaction to stress，an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body.The UCLA research team suggests that the female tendorbefriend response is also based on a hormone.This hormone，called oxytocin，has been studied in the context of childbirth，but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress.The principal investigator，Dr.Shelley E．Taylor，explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer，more relaxed，more social，and less anxious.” While men also secrete(分泌) oxytocin，its effects are reduced by male hormones.

In terms of everyday behavior，the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed.They may phone relatives or friends，or ask directions if they are lost.

The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work.The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet.For a typical mother，coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.

The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stressrelated disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior.The tendandbefriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress，and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.

1.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress，men are more likely than women to ______.

A．turn to friends for help

B．solve a conflict calmly

C．find an escape from reality

D．seek comfort from children

2.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?

A．Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.

B．Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.

C．Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.

D．Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.

3.What can be learned from the passage?

A．Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.

B．In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.

C．Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.

D．The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A．How men and women get over stress

B．How men and women suffer from stress

C．How researchers overcome stress problems

D．How researchers handle stress related disorders

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.

Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict ("fight"), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation ("flight"). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called "tend and befriend." That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young ("tend"), and by looking for social contact and support from others - especially other females ('befriend").

Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that "animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more　 social, and less anxious." While men also secrete(分泌）oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.

In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.

The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.

The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.

1.The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to _____ .

A. turn to friends for help            B. solve a conflict calmly

C. find an escape from reality            D. seek comfort from children

2.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?

A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.

B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.

C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.

D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.

3.What can be learned from the passage?

A. Male hormones help build up the body's resistance to stress.

B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.

C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.

D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.

4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. How men and women get over stress

B. How men and women suffer from stress

C. How researchers overcome stress problems

D. How researchers handle stress-related disorders

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends.

It suggests that the kids' decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed.

"They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as 'group membership' such as gender, race, nation, and culture," says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project.

Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness.

The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group -- the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. While the former says that children's rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.

It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids' acceptance as friends.

"With age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint," says Killen.

The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.

1.While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT ______.

A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender

2.The underlined word "deficit" in Paragraph 5 may mean “_______”.

A. skill B. relationship C. weakness D. experience

3.One of the major purposes of the research is to _______.

A. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion

B. remind children to be careful while making friends

C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers

D. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model

4.While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _______.

A. keep their groups purer

B. make their groups more socially powerful

C. refuse other customs and cultures

D. prove their groups to be strict

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In 1993, researchers at the University of California at Irvine discovered the so – called “Mozart Effect” – that college students who listened to ten minutes of Mozart’s Sonata for Two Pianos in D major (D大调) before taking an IQ test scored nine points higher than when they had sat in silence or listened to relaxation tapes. Other studies also have indicated that people gain information better if they hear classical or baroque (a style of art) music while studying.

It is said that Albert Einstein was an average student until he began playing the violin. "Before that, he had a hard time expressing what he knew," says Hazel Cheilek, orchestra director at Fairfax County's Thomas Jefferson High School. “Einstein said he got some of his greatest inspirations while playing the violin. It liberated his brain so that he could imagine." In the early 1700s, England's King George I also felt he would make better decisions if he listened to good music. Reportedly, Handel responded by composing his Water Music suites to be played while the king floated the Thames on his royal boat. Even Plato in ancient Greece believed studying music created a sense of order and harmony necessary for intelligent thought.

The deepest effects take place in young children, while their brains are growing. This year, the same researchers at Irvine’s Center for Neurobiology of Leaming and Memory found that preschoolers who had received eight months of music lessons scored 80 percent higher on certain tasks than other youngsters who received no musical training.

Music students continue to beat their non – arts peers (同龄人) on the SAT, according to the 1999 “Profiles of SAT and Achievement Test Takers” from The College Board. Students with coursework in music appreciation scored 42 points higher on the math section of the test than students with no coursework or experience in the arts.

All of this to say "you are the judge" but listening to Mozart certainly won't hurt you. My point always is that making music is preferable to passive listening and that listening to live music is always preferable to listening to recorded music. Mozart WILL NOT raise your IQ, but it might help you organize your thoughts better before taking a standardized test.

63．When people mention Albert Einstein, King George I and Plato, they believe that the effect of music is_______.

A．positive    B．negative    C．suspicious D．sensitive

64．So far researchers at the University of California at Irvine have done studies about_______.

A．college students who listen to rock music every day

B．people who hear classical music while studying

C．preschoolers with music lessons

D．music students in SAT

65．Which of the following is an opinion rather than a fact?

A．Handel composed Water Music to be played while the kind floated the Thames on his boat.

B．Mozart might help you organize your thought better before taking a standardized test.

C．Preschoolers with music training scored higher on object – assembly tasks.

D．Music students continue to beat their non – arts peers on the SAT.

66．What is the author’s opinion about music?

A．He thinks that listening to music is better than making music.

B．He has a doubt whether listening to Mozart will hurt the listeners.

C．He is sure that listening to the music of Mozart will raise people’s IQ.

D．He thinks that live concert is better worth listening to than recorded music.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Dan Bebber is a senior research fellow at the University of Exeter in Britain. He says research has shown that wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth's North and South poles as the planet warms.

Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops. He examined reports of first sightings of new insects and diseases around the world. The records came from CABI - the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International. He says the group began collecting information from developing and industrialized countries years ago.

Dan Bebber and his research team studied 612 different organisms - from viruses and bacteria to insects like beetles and butterflies. They found that since 1960, crop pests and diseases have been moving toward the poles at an average rate of about 3 kilometers each year. Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.

"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more amenable at higher latitudes, the pressure on the breadbaskets of the world is going to increase."

Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems. Gene Kritsky is an Entomologist at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Ohio. He specialises in the study of insects. He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.

“It means that species in other parts of the world that might do well in warmer temperatures can now do well in the breadbasket of America.”

Another Entomologist Christian Krupke of Purdue University says the effects of these changes will depend very much on the crop, the insect and the disease. But he says the research is a warning sign that people should care about climate change and do something about it.

1.The purpose of Dan Bebber’s research was to find ______.

A. if farmland could be moved to colder places thanks to global warming

B. if diseases and insects harmful to crops were going towards colder areas

C. if organisms were moving to the north and south poles

D. if the number of crop pests was increasing

2.According to Dan Bebber, if crop pests keep moving towards the poles, ______.

A. it will be hard for farmers to kill them

B. the most productive farmland will produce more crops

C. the earth will not produce enough food to support the world

D. the conditions for some crops may be improved

3.Which of the following is not a threat that farmers have to face?

A. Climate change helps crop pests to adapt to new environment.

B. Foreign species are brought in by trade.

C. Invasive species doing well in warmer places might do well in America.

D. The impacts of the climate and species changes on crops are not easy to determine.

4.The underlined word “amenable” in the fourth paragraph most probably means ______.

A. agreeable     B. terrible      C. unfriendly     D. changeable

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes．“Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers,” the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality．“Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues （线索） with symbolic messages．People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear．”

Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits （特质） detected in the study include a person's general age, income, political tendency, and other personality traits, including someone's emotional stability．Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes．In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants．Participants in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire．

So, what do your shoes say about your personality? Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by outgoing people．However, some of the more specific results are interesting．For example, “practical and functional” shoes were generally worn by more “friendly” people, while ankle boots were more closely connected with “aggressive” personalities．The strangest of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities．

And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from “attachment anxiety,” spending too much time worrying about what other people think of your appearance．There was even a political calculation in the mix with wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes．

The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers pointed out that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities．

1.By looking at a person’s shoes, it’s possible for people to_____．

A．know the wearer thoroughly and accurately

B．form an opinion about the wearer’s character

C．have exact cues about the wearer’s social status

D．judge the wearer’s educational background

2.What can we know about the passage?

A．Wealthy people tend to choose shiny shoes．

B．Calm people prefer shoes with uncomfortable appearance．

C．Friendly people are likely to wear ankle boots．

D．Outgoing people always wear shoes with practical functions．

3.Taking exceptional care of new shoes shows that _____．

A．the owners care much about others’ opinions on their appearance

B．the owners are in a relaxed state

C．the owners are particular about their appearance

D．the owners have too many shoes to choose from

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A．How To Choose Suitable Shoes

B．How To Judge People’s Personality Traits

C．People Are What They Wear

D．Shoes Reflect People’s Personalities

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.” Shoes convey useful information about their wearers，”the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.

Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style，cost，color and condition of someone's shoes. In the study，63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes，and then filled out a personality questionnaire.

Some of the results were expected：People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes，and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people. However，some of the more specific results are strange enough. For example，“practical and functional”shoes were generally worn by more“pleasant”people，while ankle boots were more linked with“aggressive”personalities. The strangest of all may be that those who wore” uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities. And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them，you may suffer from“attachment anxiety”，spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance. There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主张变革的)types wearing” shabbier and less expensive” shoes.

The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities，but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.

1.What does this text mainly tell us?

A. Shoes can hide people's real personalities.

B. Shoes convey false information about the wearer.

C. People's personalities can be judged by their shoes.

D. People know little about their personalities.

2.The participants were asked to　　　　　 .

A. provide pictures of their shoes

B. look at pictures of different shoes

C. design a personality questionnaire

D. hand in their commonly worn shoes

3.Which of the results is beyond people's expectation?

A. Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes.

B. Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes.

C. Aggressive people are likely to wear ankle boots.

D. Flashier shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.

4.People suffering from“attachment anxiety” tend to　　　　　 .

A. wear strange shoes　　 B. worry about their appearance

C. have a calm character　　 D. become a political leader

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes．

"Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers," the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality．"Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal cues with symbolic messages．People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear．"

Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits detected in the study include a person's general age, their gender, income, political affiliation, and other personality traits, including someone's emotional stability．

Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes．In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants．Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire．

So, what do your shoes say about your personality?

Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts（外向性格的人）．

However, some of the more specific results are intriguing．For example, "practical and functional" shoes were generally worn by more "agreeable" people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with "aggressive" personalities．

The strangest of all may be that those who wore "uncomfortable looking" shoes tend to have "calm" personalities．

And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from "attachment anxiety," spending an inordinate amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance．

There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing "shabbier and less expensive" shoes．

The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities．

1.We learn from the text that shoes one wears may________．

A．be used to judge others’ personality accurately

B．show thick and useful information about one’s personality

C．convey useful information including one’s emotional stability

D．only convey some information about one’s personality

2.Which of the following is not true according to the text?

A．People who wear practical and functional shoes may be hard to deal with．

B．People with high incomes probably wear expensive shoes．

C．Ankle boots are closely aligned with “aggressive” personalities．

D．People wearing “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to be calm．

3.What can be the best title for this article?

A．Shoes and Information                   B．Shoes and One’s Personality

C．Shoes One Wears                       D．Judging One’s Personality

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析