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California’s attack on second-hand smoke reached its historic high this New Year, when even indoor areas in bars and casinos became smoke-free by force of law. The rules on smoke exposure have taken a 180-degree turn in less than a generation. In the United States of my youth, every citizen was hostage(人质)to other people’s cigarettes in airplanes, in offices and in almost every other public place. Now the indoor areas of public life are all nonsmoking zones — an inconvenience for the 25% of adults who smoke, but a benefit of large proportions to the breathing system of the 75% who do not.

In the cold and flu, the greatest risk of appearing in public is not tobacco smoke, but rather contagious(接触传染的)disease. And strangers who would not dream of blowing smoke in your face seem happy enough about coughing and sneezing whenever they see you coming.

Isn’t there a double standard here, when the same folks prohibited from smoking in my office building can sneeze me home for a week of hell with the ruling bacterium of the season? Why don’t the contagious among us stay home or wear those cut little paper nose and mouth covers or at least feel bad about putting the rest of us at risk of sharing their misery?

Could it be that the similarity passing a law that requires germ-free public spaces. But two smaller lessons do come from the contrasting treatment of germs and cigarettes. The first lesson is that what we accept in public is much more a matter of particular social expectation than scientific studies. The French read scientific journals just as diligently as do Americans, yet the average French cafe contains more smoke than a forest fire. You are more likely to encounter a face full of tobacco smoke if you go to Japan this year than you would in Los Aneles. But you will also notice hundreds of people on the subway in Japan who wear paper mask to avoid spreading contagious disease that they carry. Which culture is more considerate depends on the particular subject of the inquiry. The standard for what is polite in public varies tremendously from one social setting to another.

1.The first paragraph tells us ________.

A.the rules on smoke exposure have become less strict

B.in the past people exposed to other people’s cigarettes complained a lot

C.in California, smoke-free zones in public places have existed for a long time

D.most people can benefit from banning indoor smoking in public places

2.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.People think coughing and sneezing are less harmful than smoking in public.

B.Sick people should live alone and stay home wearing paper masks all winter.

C.Strangers will feel bad when they cough and sneeze in front of other people.

D.Those with contagious diseases feel bad sharing their misery with others.

3.The tone of the passage is best described as ______.

A.encouraging B.worrying

C.carefree D.suspicious

4.What does the author want to express in this passage?

A.Learn from Japan. B.Don’t smoke indoors.

C.Pay attention to environmental germs. D.Stay home all winter.

高二英语阅读理解困难题

少年，再来一题如何？
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