Most of the time, people are well aware of th...

Most of the time, people are well aware of the circumstances of exchange: they exchange this for that. But in the rare circumstances when they’ve not prepared with gift-giving in return, they can be _________ with feelings of guilt. Receiving a gift, Jacques Derrida, a French thinker, thought, could make one feel like a _________ trapped in a cycle of economic exchange. People don’t like the feeling of being under obligation (人情债) , and try to dismiss the _________ they can feel as quickly as possible.

Private gift-giving, as the Frankfurt school theorist Theodor Adorno worried, has become an empty procedure. There’s no denying that in at least some cases, people give gifts _________. This has less to do with gift-giving itself, and more to do with the choosing of gifts. Gift-giving looks like an obligation, and a fairly _________one at that. Sure, there is giving gifts to lovers, friends and family. But then there is also the world of gift-giving like Secret Santa Claus, practices that keep gift-giving routines going well _________ the circles of people we know well enough to make choosing presents _________.

For these forced occasions, for, say, the coworker we’ve never spoken to, there are pre-printed cards and commercial guides. Even when the receiver is well-known, people want to _________ the effort needed for gifting. A relative once sent me a gift basket of dried fruit, nuts and cured meats; both the offending party and I are vegetarians.

If gift-giving has become more transaction (交易的), with the give-and-take a(n) _________ itself, so has complimenting.

This ____________ choice — fulfill your obligation to return the ____________ or resign yourself to guilt — comes from belonging to a society structured around commodities and their ____________.The trouble is, if compliments are transactions, feeling that we’re under obligation is a natural state of affairs. To imagine that we could completely overcome our ways of thinking about compliments, ____________, requires ____________ our social and economic forms of life. ____________ a difficult demand, this could be the true gift Adorno and Derrida were hoping for.

1.A.proud B.troubled C.happy D. exchange

2.A.owner B.loaner C.donor D. debtor

3.A.prejudice B.inferiority C.inequality D.priority

4.A.reluctantly B.quickly C.carefully D.gladly

5.A.affordable B.widespread C.influential D.commercial

6.A.within B.behind C.against D.beyond

7.A.unpleasant B.enjoyable C.adequate D.fashionable

8.A.minimize B.maximize C.complicate D.formalize

9.A.means B.reason C.end D.process

10.A.agreed B.limited C.forced D.suited

11.A.praise B.offence C.greeting D.favour

12.A.application B.promotion C.interaction D.exchange

13.A.therefore B.however C.moreover D.meanwhile

14.A.following B.restoring C.rethinking D.proceeding

15.A.Unless B.While C.Since D.Whether

高三英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析

Most people are aware that, ____ , the relationship between Hong Kong and the Republic of the Philippines will become poorer.

A. if not dealing with carefully            　　

B. if dealt not carefully with

C. if not carefully dealt with

D. if not carefully dealing with

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Libraries are doing well in the digital times. Here are some of the most awesome examples.

1. Freiburg University Library, Germany

The original library of the Freiburg University was rebuilt in 2015 following the project of Degelo Architects. The new building has 41,000 square meters and looks like a cut diamond. Inside, there are 1,200 workspaces in four reading rooms plus 500 work areas. The library offers in the basement a system of automated checkout machines and 700,000 volumes that can be borrowed.

2. Microlibrary at Taman Bima, Indonesia

This wonderful little public library is located in a Kampung neighborhood near the Bandung airport, Indonesia. The building was designed by the Bandung office of SHAU architect studio. It has 160 square meters and is built upon a preexisting stage that was already used by the local community for events and gatherings. The Bima public library is the first of a series of similar microlibraries that are planned to be built across Indonesia.

3. Public Library of Constitución, Chile

The city in Constitución, Chile, was devastated by 8.8 degrees earthquake in 2010. The new public library, designed by Sebastian Irarrázaval, is a part of the initiative to rebuild the city. Constitución is one of the biggest clusters of wood production in Chile. This heritage is reflected in the construction of this post-disaster library. It’s made almost entirely of wood, and only the firewalls are done with exposed poured concrete. The internal area of the library exceeds 350 square meters. The building was opened in 2015, five years after the earthquake.

4. LiYuan Library, China

Built in 2011 in a small village o Huairou on the outskirts（郊区）of Beijing, this beautiful nature-inspired library was designed by Li Xiaodong. The 175-square-meter building’s interior is spatially diverse by using steps and small level changes to create distinct places. The wooden sticks temper the bright light and spread it evenly throughout the space to give a perfect reading environment. The library closes at dusk because there is no electricity in it.

1.Which of the following libraries is the biggest one?

A. LiYuan Library　　 B. Microlibrary at Taman Bima

C. Freiburg University Library　　 D. Public Library of Constitución

2.If you want to see a library made entirely of wood, you can go to ________.

A. Chile　　 B. China

C. Indonesia　　 D. Germany

3.What is special about LiYuan Library?

A. It opens 24 hours a day.　　 B. It has no electricity supply.

C. It is the biggest library in China.　　 D. It is directly exposed to the sunlight.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Vehicle designers are well aware that they need to ______ the idea of cars that have a low environmental impact.

A. end up with　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. put up with　　 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 C. keep up with　　　 　　　　　　　　　 D. come up with

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many people are aware of the beauty of a solar eclipse (日食), but are surprised to learn that lunar eclipses are often just as impressive. While total solar eclipse lasts only for a few minutes and can be seen only in a small area of a few kilometers, total lunar eclipse can last for several hours and can be seen over much of the planet. In fact, the beauty and stability of lunar eclipses make them a favorite of both amateur and professional photographers.

Lunar eclipses generally occur two or three times a year, and are possible only when the Moon is full. When we see the Moon, we are actually seeing sunlight reflected off the surface of the Moon When the Earth is positioned in between the Moon and the Sun, however, the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon, and a lunar eclipse occurs.

The type of lunar eclipse - total, partial, or penumbral (半影) - that occurs depends both on how much of the Moon passes through the Earth's shadow and through which part of the shadow it passes. A penumbral eclipse occurs when the Moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow. This type of eclipse is brief and frequently goes unobserved by all but astronomers. By contrast, total and partial eclipses occur when all or part, respectively, of the Moon passes through the umbra（本影） shadow of the Earth. These eclipses are quite easy to see and are widely observed.

Unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are safe to watch. Solar radiation that occurs during an eclipse of the Sun can cause a form of burns of one's eyes known as eclipse blindness. In fact, the only way to safely view a solar eclipse is by using specially designed equipment. However, since the Moon's light is reflected sunlight, it is completely safe to watch a lunar eclipse without any special equipment, although a pair of binoculars can certainly help the viewer appreciate the beauty of this phenomenon

1.The underlined word "stability " most probably means_______.

A. strength      B. position              C. steadiness           D. visibility

2.According to the passage, a partial lunar eclipse occurs________.

A. when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth

B. when all of the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra shadow

C. when only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth's outer shadow

D. when only a part of the Moon passes through the Earth's umbra shadow

3.The passage implies that penumbral eclipses are________.

A. longer-lasting than most solar eclipses

B. more common than partial or full lunar eclipse

C. the result of the shadow cast by the Moon onto the Earth

D. more difficult to observe than other types of lunar eclipse

4.According to the passage, it is safe to watch a lunar eclipse, unlike a solar eclipse, because ________.

A. moonlight is less strong than sunlight

B. a lunar eclipse is briefer than a solar eclipse

C. a lunar eclipse lasts much longer than a solar eclipse

D. special equipment can be employed to view a lunar eclipse

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Most people are aware that outdoor air pollution can damage their health，but many do not know that indoor air pollution can also have significant health effects.Environmental Protection Agency studies indicate that indoor levels of pollutants may be 3～5 times，and occasionally more than 100 times，higher than outdoor levels.These levels of indoor air pollutants may be of particular concern because most people spend about 90% of their time indoors.

There are many sources of indoor air pollution in any home.These include sources such as oil，gas，coal，wood，and tobacco products，building materials，wet or damp carpet，and furniture made of certain pressed wood products，products for household cleaning and maintenance，personal care，or hobbies，central heating and cooling systems.

Immediate effects may show up after a single exposure (暴露) or repeated exposures.These include irritation of the eyes，nose，and throat，headaches，dizziness.Such immediate effects are usually short­term and treatable.Sometimes the treatment is simply removing the person’s exposure to the source of the pollution，if it can be identified.

The likelihood of immediate reactions to indoor air pollutants depends on several factors.Age and pre­existing medical conditions are two important influences.In other cases，whether a person reacts to a pollutant depends on individual sensitivity，which varies tremendously from person to person.Some people can become sensitized to biological pollutants after repeated exposures，and it appears that some people can become sensitized to chemical pollutants as well.

Certain immediate effects are similar to those from colds or other viral (病毒性的) diseases，so it is often difficult to determine if the symptoms are a result of exposure to indoor air pollution.While pollutants commonly found in indoor air are responsible for many harmful effects，there is considerable uncertainty about what concentrations or periods of exposure are necessary to produce specific health problems.People also react very differently to exposure to indoor air pollutants.Therefore，further research is needed to better understand the effects of indoor air pollution and to find efficient ways to protect our health.

1.According to the first paragraph，which of the following is NOT true?

A．People often fail to notice indoor air pollution.

B．Indoor air pollution sometimes is more dangerous than outdoor air pollution.

C．Outdoor air pollution may not be so serious as indoor air pollution.

D．It is obvious that people have been paying more attention to indoor air pollution.

2.According to the author，which may NOT be the source of indoor air pollution?

A．Building materials.　     B．Wet carpet.

C．Cooling system.　     D．Refrigerators.

3. What does the underlined word “irritation” in the third paragraph probably mean?

A．Bad intention.　     B．Much sensitivity.

C．Injury.　     D．Carelessness.

4. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A．Reactions of Pollution　     B．Danger from Home

C．Pollution Resources　     D．Different Pollutions

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Most people think their time problems are outer, and that they are caused by the telephone, meetings, visitors, and delayed information or decisions. Although these problems often have a bad effete on them, as when people call or drop in, we usually contribute to them. We fail to have calls screened by a skillful secretary or assistant, or we leave our door open, actually assuring constant interruptions.

In almost all cases, it is possible to influence, if not control, it usually can cause problems, such as, slowness and indecision, lack of self-discipline, the inability to delegate, or the tendency to fight fires, to act without thinking, and to jump from task to task without finishing any of them.

Time is constant that cannot be changed. The clock cannot be slowed down or speeded up. Thus we cannot manage time itself. We can only manage our activities with respect to time.

The same skills are needed as those used in managing others—the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct, and control. Time management is simply self-management. It is impossible to be effective in any position without controlling one’s time effectively.

Successful time management does not mean working harder, but working smarter. All kinds of management skills must be used in the home and office to get most value from time. You must think ahead about what to do, and timely than others, making it get maximum results in the shortest possible period.

1.According to the writer, time problems             .

2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as tile internally generated time wasters?

3.It can be concluded from the passage that the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct and control should      .

4.We can also draw a conclusion that the key to successful time management is        .

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Most people think their time problems are outer, and that they are caused by the telephone, meetings, visitors, and delayed information or decisions. Although these problems often have a bad effect on us, as when people call or drop in, we usually contribute to them. We fail to have calls screened(审查)by a skillful secretary or assistant, or we leave our door open, actually assuring constant interruptions.

In almost all cases, it is possible to influence our time. If not controlled, it usually can cause problems, such as, slowness and indecision, lack of self-discipline, the inability to delegate(委托), or the tendency to act without thinking and to jump from task to task without finishing any of them.

Time is constant that cannot be changed. The clock cannot be slowed down or sped up. Thus we cannot manage time itself. We can only manage our activities with respect to time.

The same skills are needed as those used in managing others－the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct, and control. Time management is simply self-management. It is impossible to be effective in any position without controlling one’s time effectively.

Successful time management does not mean working harder, but working smarter. All kinds of management skills must be used in the home and office to get most value from time. You must think ahead about what to do, and more timely than others, making it get maximum results in the shortest possible period.

1.What does “outer” in the first sentence mean?

A．being away from a center

B．situated outside

C．objective

D．relating to a person’s body or physical appearance rather than to a person’s mind or spirit

2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as internally generated time wasters?

A．Slowness and indecision.

B．Lack of self-discipline.

C．Jumping from task to task without finishing any of them.

D．Working hard.

3.It can be concluded from the passage that the abilities to plan, organize, delegate, direct and control should ________.

A．be used in managing others’ activities

B．be used in managing one’s own activities

C．not be used in time management

D．be used in managing both other’s and one’ activities

4.We can also draw a conclusion that the key to successful time management is ________.

A．working harder and harder

B．clever self-management

C．thinking of what to do, and how and when to do it

D．employing a skillful secretary

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

While most of us are happy to take the credit when things go well, few of us are willing to take the blame when things go wrong. Rather than trying to hide our shame or embarrassment, experts found that we are simply less aware when our actions result in a negative outcome.

The research may explain why we often feel it hard to take the blame for our actions.“Our result suggests that people may really experience less responsibility for negative than for positive outcomes,” said Patrick Haggard, leading researcher and professor of the institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at University College London.

In a series of tests, participants were asked to press a key. A sound then followed, either disapproving, neutral or approving, and they were then asked to estimate the time between the action and when they had heard the sound.

Researchers found that individuals experienced different levels of responsibility depending on the outcomes. They also discovered they were significantly slower to recognize if their actions had resulted in a bad consequence, compared to when they had done well.

“Effectively, we have found that we experience a negative outcome differently, not just retell it differently. We make a weaker connection when there is a bad result. And respond much more strongly when something good happens,”said Professor Haggard. When something goes right, everyone wants to take the credit, and when things go wrong, nobody is interested in putting their hands up.

The researchers said our brain is“very much concerned”with reward, as good results are key to survival. Although our own perception(认知) of whether we are guilty of something or not is changed by the outcomes, this does not provide a defense if we have done something wrong.“Our experience of our own responsibilities can be misleading and can be strongly colored by the outcomes of our actions.”said Professor Haggard.“We have to take responsibility for what actually do, not just for how we experience things.”

1.People who don’t take the blame for their actions　　　　　 .

A.always try to hide their shame or embarrassment.

B.are only willing to take the credit when things go well

C.feel less responsible for negative than for positive outcomes

D.are less aware of what to do when a negative outcome happens

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Our level of responsibility can be strongly affected by the outcomes of our actions.

B.When something bad happens, nobody is interested in dealing with the problem.

C.People were quicker to recognize if their actions had resulted in a bad consequence.

D.Participants were asked to count the time between pressing a key and hearing the sound.

3.How is the passage developed?

A.By giving examples.

B.By quoting research findings.

C.By analyzing cause and effect.

D.By providing data.

4.According to the passage, a person who is concerned with reward is　　　　　 .

A.awkward　　　　　　　　 B.natural　　　　　　　 C.absurd　　　　　　　　 D.stubborn

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

“Do you like doing things for people?”I asked a friend．

“Yes，most of the time,”she replied．

“Most of the time?”

“Well，I love to do things that are unexpected． I like to do little things most people wouldn't think about doing,”she said．

“But why did you say most of the time?”

“Well,sometimes after doing those little things people take advantage of you．I mean，they expect you to do it again．They ask you to do it．That's when I don't like it．”

It was odd that I had this conversation．This just happened to me．I love to do little things．I will pay for a meal card for the people in the office every time we have a meeting there．Not a big thing．It's a little thing．$5.30 will pay for almost five lunches．Hey，big spender!

I also bought a bag of animal crackers for a friend at work．She was having a tough day and not very happy at all．I drove down to the Wal-Mart and picked up a huge bag for under $2.00．Her smile was worth it．

But one week she said,“Bob，we ran out of crackers．We love them so much．” I didn't want to do it．I smiled and she persisted． I finally admitted,“It's different when I do it because I want to，but now you are trying to make me go to get them．It's not the same．”But I bought it for her．

Unfortunately，a big fire in my family took away all the possessions we had． I didn't know what to do and how to do it．What happened to me then surprised me most．I once had my bike repaired，but the repairman said “no charge”on hearing my sufferings．A stranger called James Kennedy read some pieces I'd written about our sufferings for Slate，the online magazine，and wanted to give us a new house across the lake from New Orleans．I refused but I felt moved． Another poet at the University of Florida also wanted to let his house to me free of charge while he was on holiday．My mates gave us more money for us to rebuild my home．When you do something kind for others，do you always get rewarded? Yes，but not in the way you might expect．

1.What's the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A． To tell the background of the story．

B． To attract the attention of the readers．

C． To get the readers to know main idea directly．

D． To explain the reasons why he wrote the passage．

2.What do we know about James Kennedy?

A． He was a writer of an online magazine．

B． He was also a poet at the University of Florida．

C． He offered the author a new house free of charge．

D． He learned about the author's sufferings online．

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A． Misfortune of blessing on happiness．

B． Never too late to learn．

C． Helping others means helping yourself．

D． Many hands make the work lighter．

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析