Around 45% of plastic waste is recycled annually in the UK and is on the increase. However, one of the problems with present plastic recycling methods is that you end up with a lower-quality plastic with worse properties （特性）than the original. This means that plastic drink bottles cannot simply be recycled into new drink bottles continuously, but instead are used for other lower-grade products like park benches.
Now, British scientists have developed a new method of chemical recycling. They use lower temperatures and more environmentally-friendly starting chemicals than previous methods to turn plastics back into their constituent chemical molecules （分子）.In this way, they can be used to make new plastics of the same quality as the original.
"Most plastic is now recycled using mechanical methods, where they are transformed into liquids before being made into something new," said a professor named Matthew Jones. "The problem is, melting plastic changes its properties and reduces the quality. Out method of chemical recycling overcomes this problem. Then plastics can be used all over again without losing any properties?"
The researchers are recycling some kinds of plastics, including plant-based PLA, a plastic used for food packaging and PET, which is used for drink bottles. So far, the technology has only been demonstrated on a small range. However, scientists are now working to produce larger quantities of starting chemicals.
"There is no single solution to the problem of plastic waste — the approach has to be a combination of reducing, reusing and recycling. Our method of chemical recycling could allow carbon to be recycled endlessly rather than digging more up from the ground in the form of fossil fuels, or letting it into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas," said Dr. Paul McKeown from the University of Bath.
1.What is the problem with the present plastic recycling?
A.The quality of recycled plastics declines.
B.Plastic drink bottles cannot be recycled.
C.The amount of plastic waste is increasing.
D.Recycled lower-grade products sell badly.
2.How do scientists recycle plastic waste with the new method?
A.By transforming it into fuels.
B.By heating it into liquid state.
C.By keeping its original properties.
D.By changing its molecule structure.
3.What can we learn from what Dr. Paul McKeown said?
A.Fossil fuels are endless resources.
B.The plastic waste problem has no solution.
C.Recycled carbon leads to greenhouse gases.
D.The chemical recycling is environment-friendly.
4.In which part of the website can we find the text?
A.Business. B.Tech & Science.
C.Lifestyle. D.Arts & Culture
高三英语阅读理解简单题
Around 45% of plastic waste is recycled annually in the UK and is on the increase. However, one of the problems with present plastic recycling methods is that you end up with a lower-quality plastic with worse properties （特性）than the original. This means that plastic drink bottles cannot simply be recycled into new drink bottles continuously, but instead are used for other lower-grade products like park benches.
Now, British scientists have developed a new method of chemical recycling. They use lower temperatures and more environmentally-friendly starting chemicals than previous methods to turn plastics back into their constituent chemical molecules （分子）.In this way, they can be used to make new plastics of the same quality as the original.
"Most plastic is now recycled using mechanical methods, where they are transformed into liquids before being made into something new," said a professor named Matthew Jones. "The problem is, melting plastic changes its properties and reduces the quality. Out method of chemical recycling overcomes this problem. Then plastics can be used all over again without losing any properties?"
The researchers are recycling some kinds of plastics, including plant-based PLA, a plastic used for food packaging and PET, which is used for drink bottles. So far, the technology has only been demonstrated on a small range. However, scientists are now working to produce larger quantities of starting chemicals.
"There is no single solution to the problem of plastic waste — the approach has to be a combination of reducing, reusing and recycling. Our method of chemical recycling could allow carbon to be recycled endlessly rather than digging more up from the ground in the form of fossil fuels, or letting it into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas," said Dr. Paul McKeown from the University of Bath.
1.What is the problem with the present plastic recycling?
A.The quality of recycled plastics declines.
B.Plastic drink bottles cannot be recycled.
C.The amount of plastic waste is increasing.
D.Recycled lower-grade products sell badly.
2.How do scientists recycle plastic waste with the new method?
A.By transforming it into fuels.
B.By heating it into liquid state.
C.By keeping its original properties.
D.By changing its molecule structure.
3.What can we learn from what Dr. Paul McKeown said?
A.Fossil fuels are endless resources.
B.The plastic waste problem has no solution.
C.Recycled carbon leads to greenhouse gases.
D.The chemical recycling is environment-friendly.
4.In which part of the website can we find the text?
A.Business. B.Tech & Science.
C.Lifestyle. D.Arts & Culture
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
The idea of turning recycled plastic bottlesinto clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businessesand environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution.But there’s a problem with thismethod. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution andmicrofibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibersfall off. Most washing machines can’t collectthese microfibers. So every time the water getsout of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that asingle piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can producemorethan 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used aspecial way toexamine each sample.Hediscovered that every single water samplecontained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorbother pollutants.
Basedon this evidence, it may seemsurprising that companies and organizations havechosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as anenvironmental“solution.”Even though thescience has been around for a while, Browneexplains that he's had a difficult time gettingcompanies to listen. When he asked well-knownclothing companies to support Benign byDesign—his research project that seeks to getclothes that have a bad effect on humans and theenvironment out of the market, Browne didn’tget a satisfying answer. Only one women’sclothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Brownefunding.
1.What has happened during the past five years?
A. Fabric has become much stronger.
B. Plastic pollution has been less serious.
C. Many plastic bottles have been reused.
D. Microfibers have been greatly improved.
2.What does Browne think of washing syntheticclothes?
A. It is adding microfibers to the clothes.
B. It is worsening environmental problems.
C. It is making synthetic clothes last longer.
D. It is doing great damage to washing machines.
3.What can be inferred about Browne’s Benignby Design research project?
A. It has achieved great success. B. It hasn’t got anything done.
C. It is known to very few people. D. It is facing some difficulties.
4.What’s the best title for the text?
A. It’s important to learn to recycle
B. It’s never easy to solve pollution problems
C. Recycled plastic clothing: solution orpollution?
D. Are human beings moving forward orbackward?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
The idea of turning recycled plastic bottles into clothing is not new. During the last five years, a large number of clothing companies, businesses and environmental organizations have started turning plastics into fabric to deal with plastic pollution. But there’s a problem with this method. Research now shows that microfibers could be the biggest source of plastic in the sea.
Dr. Mark Browne in Santa Barbara, California, has been studying plastic pollution and microfibers for 10 years now. He explains that every time synthetic clothes go into a washing machine, a large number of plastic fibers fall off. Most washing machines can’t collect these microfibers. So every time the water gets out of a washing machine, microfibers are entering the sewers and finally end up in the sea.
In 2011, Browne wrote a paper stating that a single piece of synthetic(合成的) clothing can produce more than 1, 900 fibers per wash. Browne collected samples from seawater and freshwater sites around the world, and used a special way to examine each sample. He discovered that every single water sample contained microfibers.
This is bad news for a number of reasons. Plastic can cause harm to sea life when eaten. Studies have also shown that plastic can absorb other pollutants.
Based on this evidence, it may seem surprising that companies and organizations have chosen to turn plastic waste into clothing as an environmental “solution.” Even though the science has been around for a while, Browne explains that he's had a difficult time getting companies to listen. When he asked well-known clothing companies to support Benign by Design-his research project that seeks to get clothes that have a bad effect on humans and the environment out of the market, Browne didn’t get a satisfying answer. Only one women’s clothing company, Eileen Fisher, offered Browne funding.
1.What has happened during the past five years?
A.Fabric has become much stronger. B.Plastic pollution has been less serious.
C.Many plastic bottles have been reused. D.Microfibers have been greatly improved.
2.What does Browne think of washing synthetic clothes?
A.It is adding microfibers to the clothes.
B.It is worsening environmental problems.
C.It is making synthetic clothes last longer.
D.It is doing great damage to washing machines.
3.What can be inferred about Browne’s Benign by Design research project?
A.It has achieved great success. B.It hasn’t got anything done.
C.It is known to very few people. D.It is facing some difficulties.
4.What’s the best title for the text?
A.It’s important to learn to recycle
B.It’s never easy to solve pollution problems
C.Recycled plastic clothing: solution or pollution?
D.Are human beings moving forward or backward?
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Recycling, in its broadest ______, refers to the remaking of waste products and other used materials for practical purposes.
A. sight B. sense C. size D. Space
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Somewhere between 40,000 and 110,000 tons of plastic waste produced by Americans ends up in the ocean, according to a study published in the journal Science.
It's difficult to point out where all that waste comes from, and researchers think that much or most of it probably comes from the nation's seriously-populated coasts. But there's also evidence that the nation's inland waterways serve as a passage for plastic to travel thousands of miles into the oceans.
While researchers have documented plastic and human trash floating in the world's oceans, there has been relatively little attention paid to plastics in rivers, streams and lakes. "To my knowledge, no one has studied particular routes, with the exception of places like L.A, and Baltimore Harbor where there are measures in place to prevent trash in rivers from entering the ocean." said Kara Lavender Law, an oceanographer.
The few studies that exist, however, suggest that it may be a huge problem. A 2011 study of two southern California urban rivers---including Santa Ana River---found that every square meter of water contained from 125 to 819 pieces larger than 4.75 millimeters. Another survey of the Meuse River, which flows 575 miles through France, Belgium and the Netherlands to the North Sea, found that it contained 70,000 pieces of plastics per square meter of water, about 500 of which were roughly an inch or bigger in size.
If there's anything positive in this, it's you that can do something, at least on a personal level, to reduce the amount of plastic that goes into the oceans. "Put trash where it goes." said Jenna Jambeck, an associate professor of environmental engineering at the University of Georgia. "Use reusable items---bags, cups and bottles---to reduce waste."
Finally, Jambeck urges people to pick up litter along waterways, and record it with a phone app called the Marine Debris Tracker. The data you provide can help scientists to get a better handle on the trash problem.
1.According to the text, the least polluted place might be __________.
A.Santa Ana River B.Meuse River
C.Baltimore Harbor D.The North Sea
2.How does the author prove plastic waste in rivers is a huge problem?
A.By referring to experts' views. B.By listing statistics.
C.By making comparisons. D.By following time order.
3.What does Jenna Jambeck advise us to do?
A.Make use of plastic items. B.Reduce the size of waste we throw away.
C.Stay positive about the oceans' future. D.Start from small things to deal with waste.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste---- a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. 1..
“We're being overwhelmed(淹没)by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. 2., unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic----a widely-used material----has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种). 3. ; a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
4.. At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea liter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign. 5.Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products----and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A. The following is what we should do
B. And it's not just wildlife that's threatened
C. And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D. But it's not just countries that need to do their part
E. By 2050,that figure is expected to rise to 1000 pieces
F. That's how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G. All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析
Reducing plastic waste isn't easy because the cheap material is found in almost every household item. Now, a delicious and nutritious solution has come up to help reduce our dependence on this environmental hazard.
David Christian, the co-founder of Evoware, says the idea of creating the biodegradable (生物降解的) products came from concern at the country’s high pollution rate. Indonesia is home to four of the world's worst polluted rivers. Since single-use packaging is a large contributor to the problem, Evoware decided to deal with that first.
After investigating various materials, the company settled on seaweed. Unlike corn, commonly used for biodegradable containers, seaweed does not require resources like water or large amounts of space. Since Indonesian farmers already harvest more seaweed than they can sell, it's easy for the company to find the material.
Though they will not reveal their production process, Evoware says the seaweed packaging contains no chemicals and is safe to consume. The company has also invented single-use cups, which can break down 30 days after they're thrown away.
While replacing plastic with the seaweed products may seem appealing to most of us, it is a hard-sell in Indonesia. According to Christian, ''The awareness to reduce single-use plastic is still very low. This makes our bioplastic unnecessary.” Also a factor is the cost, which is higher than using plastic. Hopefully, Evoware will succeed in convincing Indonesians and people worldwide that switching to their products will be helpful to protecting our beautiful planet.
1.What problem did Evoware decide to deal with first?
A.Ways to clean the four worst polluted rivers.
B.What nutritious materials for people to use.
C.How to deal with single-use packaging.
D.Means to contribute to the country's economy.
2.Why did Evoware choose seaweed?
A.It didn't require much space and was easy to get.
B.It could be found everywhere in his country.
C.It was most commonly used for packaging.
D.It grew thickly in most of the polluted rivers.
3.What can we infer from Christian's words?
A.Their seaweed products have won government support.
B.Sometimes it's hard to get people to reduce the use of plastics.
C.Their new products have received worldwide popularity.
D.The cost of making seaweed products will be lowered soon.
4.What does the underlined word ''hard-sell'' in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A.Something lasting long. B.Something hard to accept.
C.Something easy to get. D.Something commonly seen.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. 1..
“We’re being overwhelmed(淹没) by our waste,”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. 2., unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种). 3.; a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
4.. At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea liter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign. 5.Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A. The following is what we should do
B. And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened
C. And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D. But it’s not just countries that need to do their part
E. By 2050,that figure is expected to rise to 1000 pieces
F. That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G. All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.That’s a total of about 19 billion pounds of_______. And according to one of the best estimates available, that’s how much plastic waste_______in our oceans every year.
"We're being_______by our waste,” said Jenna Jam beck, an/a _______engineer who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number. According to Jambeck’s research, this_______will double by 2025 unless something is done,_______and at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic has in many ways been a good help to humanity, used in all walks of _______from medical equipment to parts of airplanes. _______some of the very traits (特性)that have made plastics so popular have also made them a_______ problem in our landfills and oceans. Today， plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group that organizes a yearly________cleanup event in more than 150 countries worldwide, said plastic pieces ________around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans — and that’s just the stuff we can ________.
Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to ________at least 600 different wildlife ________. One in three leatherback turtles, which often ________plastic bags for edible(可吃的) jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. In 2017, a ________ whale beached on Norway’s coast had 30 plastic bags in its________. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating ________on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.
And it’s not ________ wildlife that’s threatened by the plastics in our seas. A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.
With this in mind，experts say that all of us have a ________role to play in relieving the issue — in ways both big and small.
1.A.seaweed B.seafood C.garbage D.money
2.A.comes from B.ends up C.takes out D.put away
3.A.trapped B.controlled C.surrounded D.destroyed
4.A.medical B.technical C.agricultural D.environmental
5.A.figure B.waste C.price D.cost
6.A.swiftly B.slowly C.hurriedly D.unexpectedly
7.A.time B.education C.technology D.life
8.A.While B.So C.But D.And
9.A.changing B.growing C.moving D.touching
10.A.scientific B.coastal C.general D.tiny
11.A.picks up B.takes up C.makes up D.brings up
12.A.see B.eat C.hide D.search
13.A.influence B.damage C.increase D.threaten
14.A.plants B.animals C.protection D.species
15.A.mistake B.look C.regard D.recognize
16.A.vivid B.deadly C.dead D.lively
17.A.mouth B.stomach C.head D.tail
18.A.waste B.rubbish C.nothing D.plastics
19.A.just B.always C.really D.constantly
20.A.unique B.critical C.reasonable D.natural
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Lego is considering a brick (积木) rental plan in an attempt to cut down on plastic waste. The Danish toymaker has promised to make all its bricks from sustainable (可持续的) sources by 2030 and is investing significant resources into finding alternatives.
Tim Brooks, vice-president responsible for sustainability, said the company was “totally open” to the idea of a product rental plan but admitted that lost pieces could produce a significant problem. “What are the chances of giving them to an eight-year-old child and getting them all back again?” Mr. Brooks added.
“There is a lot of technical thinking that needs to be done. We are right at beginning of that.” Mr. Brooks said Lego was exploring several ideas with a view to producing the highest value from products while consuming the least amount of resources. He said many would “probably never see the light of day” and there was no current plan to try out a rental plan.
Lego has come under increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint among growing international alarm about the impact of plastic waste on the environment. It produces 19 billion pieces per year—36, 000 a minute—that are made entirely of plastic while much of the inside packaging is also plastic.
So far, the only breakthrough has been the development of a line of bricks made from plant-based plastic sourced from sugarcane. The green trees, plants and flowers were first included in Lego sets late last year but make up only 1%-2% of the total amount of plastic elements produced. Henrik Nielson, a production supervisor (主管) in Lego’s factory, said last year: “We need to learn again how to do this.”
Lego reportedly releases around a million tons of carbon dioxide each year, with about 75% coming from raw materials that go into factories. The company has invested more than 100, 000,000 euros and hired 100 people to research non-plastic alternatives. It is aiming to keep all of its packaging out of landfill by 2025.
1.Lego is making great efforts to ________.
A.promote its brick rental plan B.raise its production efficiency
C.explore ways to reduce plastic waste D.develop new products
2.According to Mr. Brooks, Lego’s brick rental plan ________.
A.is well under way B.has a long way to go
C.is totally useless D.goes against Lego’s interest
3.The writer tells of Lego’s stress of reducing plastic waste by means of ________.
A.figures B.examples
C.comparison D.classification
4.What is Lego’s attitude towards developing non-plastic alternatives?
A.Defensive. B.Determined.
C.Disapproving. D.Doubtful.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析