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Ultrasound（超声）is used widely in medical imaging, but in recent years scientists have started developing it for another use: stimulating nerves to treat disease. In two new studies in mice, researchers focused the sound waves on nerves in the spleen（脾）that communicate with the immune system, reducing symptoms. If the approach proves safe and effective in people, it could serve as a treatment for diseases such as arthritis（关节炎）.
In one study, led by scientists at the Feistein Institute and GE Research, mice receiving a few minutes of ultrasound treatment to the spleen nerve had a diminished symptoms to an injected（注射）poison. In another study, researchers at the University of Minnesota and their colleagues reduces symptoms of arthritis in mice by stimulating their spleen nerves for 20 minutes every day for a week. “Zeroing in on the spleen may provide a more precise approach than focusing on the vagus nerve（交感神经）, which connects with the immune system via a second nerve that stimulates the spleen.” says Hubert Lin, lead author of the latter study. “When we’re targeting the spleen we have less of an effect all over the body.”
“Little is known about how repeated ultrasound affects the spleen or whether it has other harmful effects,” says neuroscientist Denise Bellinger of Loma Linda University, who was not involved in either study. An ongoing clinical trial aims to assess the treatment’s safety in humans with arthritis. A bigger unknown is how ultrasound activates in general. Scientists are now exploring the use of ultrasound on other parts of the nervous system, including the brain. “We know how to control nerves with electricity, and we’ve been doing it for more than 100 years,” neuroscientist Kevin Tracey says, “But the idea of controlling nerve signals with ultrasound is a brand-new field.”
1.What do scientists expect of the new application of ultrasound?
A.It'll be applied in medical imaging
B.It'll be used to activate nerves to treat disease.
C.It’ll be applied in spleen transplantation.
D.It'll be employed to rebuild immune system.
2.What does the underlined word “diminished" in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Complicated. B.Worsened.
C.Decreased. D.Associated.
3.What is the concern of Denise Bellinger?
A.Side effect. B.Time length.
C.The procedure. D.The cost.
4.What is most likely the next step of the study?
A.Assessing the treatment' s safety on humans.
B.Activating nerves in general with ultrasound.
C.Exploring the use of ultrasound on the brain.
D.Controlling nerve signals with ultrasound.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Today, ultrasonic(超声的) waves are being put to work in laboratories and factories. If an ultrasound generator is placed in a liquid, the waves move the liquid back and forthhundreds of thousands of times each second. This causes materials to mix quickly or to dissolve(使分解，使溶解) in liquids. Paint manufacturers(制造商) use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors. The companies that make film for your camera find that mixing chemicals by the use of sound waves will produce a more sensitive film.
The new lightweight(轻量的) type of washing machine uses ultrasonic waves to get
clothes clean. Its special ultrasound generator is put into a pail of soapy water containing the soiled clothes. The sound waves drive the soapy water back and forth through the
cloth so fast that everything is soon clean. There is also a new kind of dishwasher that works in much the same way.
Ultrasonic waves can shake a liquid so fast that tiny holes form all through it. The
liquid is actually torn apart by this action. Almost as soon as these holes are made, they fall together again. The result is a powerful pounding action. In the dairy industry this is used for the double purpose of making homogenized(使均匀，使匀质) milk and sterilizing(使无菌) it at the same time. If you look at some raw milk with a microscope, you find that it is made up of little drops of butter fat floating around in a watery liquid. In order to make milk easier to digest, these fat droplets(微粒) may be broken up by forcing the milk through very small openings. The result is called homogenized milk. When the ultrasonic method is used, the sound waves not only break up the droplets but also kill the germs in the milk by pounding them to pieces.
1.Why does a paint manufacturer use ultrasound to do a better job of blending colors?
A. Because it is cheap to use ultrasound to blend colors.
B. Because the waves move the liquid so quickly that it can make materials mix quickly or dissolve in liquids.
C. Because they can mix chemicals by the use of sound waves.
D. Because the waves can clean the paint.
2.What properties does ultrasound wave have?
A. Homogenizes and sterilizes the milk. B. Mix materials and break droplets.
C. Kill germs and sterilize milk. D. Move liquids quickly.
3.What exists in the raw milk?
A. Little drops of butter fat. B. Small holes.
C. Fat droplets and germs. D. Chemicals.
4.Where is ultrasound wave not used?
A. In the paint manufacture. B. In the shop mixing bread flour.
C. In the film-making company. D. In the dairy industry.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.
Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts, London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes could remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3D-enabled projectors（投影仪）, laptops with good picture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations (动作) into classrooms.
But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be too expensive. He said,“While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (小玩意儿). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved , would be just so effective.”
In Colorado, the US, one school district is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engaged and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.
1.Teachers think pupils in 3D classes________.
A. are naughtier than those in 2D classes B. have less motivation
C. find it hard to concentrate D. have deeper understanding
2.Danny Nicholson tends to think that________.
A. many pupils prefer 2D models
B. 3D is a bit expensive for some schools
C. true 3D images would not help in classes
D. 3D technology has a bright future in classes
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. 3D classes will soon be given in one school district in Colorado.
B. Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.
C. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.
D. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A. 2D models are always more effective than 3D images.
B. The differences between 3D and 2D images.
C. How schools can make full use of 3D technology.
D. Pupils behave better when 3D images are used in classes.
5.Where is the text most probably taken from?
A. A history book. B. A news story
C. A science magazine. D. A school report.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons，research suggests．They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts，and display higher levels of concentration．
Professor Anne Bamford，of the University of the Arts，London， studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries，including the UK．Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks，improving test scores by an average of 1 7 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons．They gave more detailed answer to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime(模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully．
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding，increased attention span．more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons．
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film．Schools would need 3D—enabled projectors(投影仪)，laptops with good picture capabilities，3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations(动作) into classrooms．
But Danny Nicholson，an educationist，said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly．He said，“While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting， I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick(小玩意儿)．There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help，but most of the time，good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective．”
In the US，one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1．000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms．And the University of Caledonia．which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin．has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils．Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version．
1.What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?
A．There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images．
B．Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes．
C．Schools have difficulties in making full use of 3D technology．
D．3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology．
2.Danny Nicholson holds the view that 3D_____.
A．is of no help in classes
B．has a bright future in classes
C．is more practical than 2D models
D．may not be affordable for schools
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．3D technology will replace 2D models in the future．
B．Many pupils are now more Interested In science than before．
C．Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training．
D．3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado．
4.The underlined word “engrossed” in the last paragraph means_____.
A．absorbed B．annoyed
C．relaxed D． confused
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.
Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts, London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes could remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3D-enabled projectors（投影仪）, laptops with good picture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations (动作) into classrooms.
But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, “While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (小玩意儿). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved , would be just so effective.”
In Colorado, the US, one school district is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engaged and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.
1.Danny Nicholson tends to think that ________.
A. many pupils prefer 2D models
B. 3D is a bit expensive for some schools
C. true 3D images would not help in classes
D. 3D technology has a bright future in classes
2.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. 3D classes will soon be given in one school district in Colorado.
B. Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.
C. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.
D. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.
3.What is the text mainly about?
A. 2D models are always more effective than 3D images.
B. The differences between 3D and 2D images.
C. How schools can make full use of 3D technology.
D. Pupils behave better when 3D images are used in classes.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging (机能性核共振成像) (FMRI) to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images. Men showed activity in areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger. But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains. The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women. Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states.
The images were displayed in two runs. For the first run, only negative pictures were shown. For the second run, only positive pictures were shown.
While viewing the negative images, women showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus（神经床）. This is an area which passes sense information to the pain and pleasure centres of the brain. Men showed more activity in an area of the brain called the left insula（脑岛）, which plays a key role in controlling natural functions, including breath, heart rate and digestion. Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run away from danger, or meet it head on - the so-called "fight or flight response".
While viewing positive images, women showed stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with memory. With men, the stronger activity was recorded in an area associated with visual processing. Dr Urbanik believes these differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli（刺激）in a broader social context and associate positive images with a particular memory.
For instance, viewing a picture of a smiling child might remind memories of a woman's own child at this age. On the contrary, male responses tend to be less emotional.
1．The research shows that men response differently to compared with women.
A．different images B．ordinary life
C．different activities D．medical scan
2．According to the passage, when faced with danger, .
A．women react more slowly than men B．women usually try to avoid it
C．men usually have no reaction D．men react to it more directly
3．What is discussed in the 4 th paragraph? .
A．Men and women’s different memories
B．The different responses to the children
C．Different reactions to positive stimuli
D．Negative results of the visual processing
4．The passage mainly develops .
A．by inferring B．by comparing
C．by listing examples D．by giving explanations
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging （机能性核共振成像）（FMRI）to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images．Men showed activity in areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger．But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains．The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women．Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states．
The images were displayed in two runs．For the first run, only negative pictures were shown．For the second run, only positive pictures were shown．
While viewing the negative images, women showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus（神经床）．This is an area which passes sense information to the pain and pleasure centres of the brain．Men showed more activity in an area of the brain called the left insula（脑岛）, which plays a key role in controlling natural functions, including breath, heart rate and digestion．Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run away from danger, or meet it head on - the so-called "fight or flight response"．
While viewing positive images, women showed stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with memory．With men, the stronger activity was recorded in an area associated with visual processing．Dr Urbanik believes these differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli（刺激）in a broader social context and associate positive images with a particular memory．
For instance, viewing a picture of a smiling child might remind memories of a woman's own child at this age．On the contrary, male responses tend to be less emotional．
1．The research shows that men response differently to__________compared with women．
A．different images B．ordinary life
C．different activities D．medical scan
2．According to the passage, when faced with danger, ____________．
A．women react more slowly than men B．women usually try to avoid it
C．men usually have no reaction D．men react to it more directly
3．What is discussed in the 4 th paragraph? ．
A．Men and women’s different memories B．The different responses to the children
C．Different reactions to positive stimuli D．Negative results of the visual processing
3．The passage mainly develops______．
A．by inferring B．by comparing
C．by listing examples D．by giving explanations
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Music has often been used in movies to create mood and add dimension to the images which the audience sees on the screen. One man who is famous for his ability to write powerful and highly effective music for movies is John Williams. Mr. Williams has been writing music for movies since 1960, but he is perhaps best known for his award-winning scores for movies such as Jaws, Star Wars, and Schindler's List. Before he began writing music for the movies, Mr. Williams dreamed of being a concert pianist. He studied at both the University of California, Los Angeles and Juilliard School. During the 1950s, Mr. Williams was into jazz and he worked in New York City with many jazz artists. Later, he moved back to Los Angeles where he continued to play the piano for jazz musicians. He also got a job writing music for television shows. It was this television job that led him into movies.
Throughout the 1960s, Mr. Williams wrote the music that can be heard in more than 20 movies. Most of these movies were light comedies. Then, in 1975, the director of the movie Jaws, Steven Spielberg, hired Mr. Williams. The director thought that Mr. William's music added so much to the scary （引起恐慌的）scenes of the movie that he insisted on working with Mr. Williams in all of his future movies. Other directors and Hollywood film studios also demanded to work with Mr. Williams, and his career as a composer of movie soundtracks took off. Many of these movies have soundtracks that are still available in music stores today. They include The Deer Hunter, Raiders of the Lost Ark, ET, and Jurassic Park.
In 1980, Mr. Williams had another chance to expand his musical experience. He was chosen to be the new conductor for the Boston Pops Orchestra when Arthur Fiedler retired. Mr. Williams gladly accepted the position because it only required that he conduct the orchestra during the summer. This left him free to continue writing music for the movies during the rest of the year. Mr. Williams conducted the Boston Pops for more than 12 years before he decided to retire and write music full-time. Along with the many movie music scores he has written, Mr. Williams has also written two symphonies, a flute concerto, and a violin concerto. Up to now, Mr. Williams has written music for more than 60 movies. It is no wonder that he is today's most famous Hollywood composer.
69. What is John Williams most famous for?
A. Conducting. B. Making movies.
C. Playing jazz. D. Writing music for movies.
70. What happened to Mr. Williams in 1975?
A. He began writing music for movies. B. He moved to Hollywood.
C. He worked with Steven Spielberg. D. He worked for the Boston Pops.
71. Which of the following things has Mr. Williams not done?
A. Conducted an orchestra. B. Directed a movie.
C. Played jazz piano. D. Writing classical music.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Here are some ways parents can use to encourage a healthy self-image in their children.
Teach what real value is. I think kids sometimes are confused about values. How valuable you are is not measured by how pretty you are on the outside. 1. We were watching the Oscars and my 6-year-old son said, “She is so pretty,” and then quickly looked at me and said You are prettier, Mom.” And I said, “It’s okay. There are many people prettier than me on the outside. I know that’s not why you love me.” 2.
Tell your kids about “the grass is always greener” syndrome. It is very easy for all of us to see the charm, whether it is in a famous singer or the most popular girl in the school. Do not think too highly of famous people. 3. Maybe they have the same struggles, like wanting acceptance from peers.
4. Don’t be afraid to have conversations with your child about how they’re feeling about ads songs, etc. You are the parent! 5. Take a stand and have confidence enough not to be followers and not to purchase clothing, music, or magazines that you don’t believe send the right message to your children!
A. Use your mouth.
B. Be patient with your kids.
C. about what problems they might have.
D. It is important to teach children this from an early age.
E. Success is not measured by how famous you are, either.
F. Girls tend to like famous singers while boys prefer sports stars.
G In fact, kids of all ages want and need boundaries from you.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Here are some ways parents can use to encourage a healthy self-image in their children.
Teach what real value is. I think kids sometimes are confused about values. How valuable you are is not measured by how pretty you are on the outside. 1. We were watching the Oscars and my 6-year-old son said, “She is so pretty,” and then quickly looked at me and said you are prettier, Mom.” And I said, “It’s okay. There are many people prettier than me on the outside. I know that’s not why you love me.” 2.
Tell your kids about “the grass is always greener” syndrome. It is very easy for all of us to see the charm, whether it is in a famous singer or the most popular girl in the school. Do not think too highly of famous people. 3. Maybe they have the same struggles, like wanting acceptance from peers.
4. Don’t be afraid to have conversations with your child about how they’re feeling about ads songs, etc. You are the parent! 5. Take a stand and have confidence enough not to be followers and not to purchase clothing, music, or magazines that you don’t believe send the right message to your children!
A. Use your mouth.
B. Be patient with your kids.
C. about what problems they might have.
D. It is important to teach children this from an early age.
E. Success is not measured by how famous you are, either.
F. Girls tend to like famous singers while boys prefer sports stars.
G In fact, kids of all ages want and need boundaries from you.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析