One reason Americans eat so many calories is that we tend to eat large portions(分量). Studies find that hamburgers and fries are generally offered in serving sizes two to five times larger than the appropriate meal size. Researchers find we usually clean our plates no matter how high they're piled, even if we already feel satisfied. See the suggestions below to further master the fine art of sizing up(估量) your snacks and suppers.
Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years. Fortunately, portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat.
Pre-picture portions. Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon. For example, a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist. A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange.
Use a smaller dish. This tip might sound ridiculous, but it works. First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on, say, a salad plate. But psychologically, you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds.
Have raw vegetables at every meal. Raw cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots, and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients. A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up, cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat.
Start your meal with soup. Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption, since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients.
Manage your fork. After every bite of food, put your fork down. Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite. The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less. Remember: Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry.
Helpful hints on how to get a handle on the how-much factor | |
Facts | Hamburgers and fries served in restaurants are generally two to five times the1.______of the proper ones. Americans usually clean their plates 2.______high they're piled, even if they are already satisfied |
Effects | Americans continue getting fatter even as they have eaten3.______calories from fat in recent years. |
4.______ | a. Use5.______objects to imagine how much you should eat of a food before a meal. b. Use a smaller dish and thus eat 6._____. c. Have raw vegetables at every meal to cut down 7.______ for the more calorie-dense meat. d. Start your meal with 8.______to reduce meal consumption. e. Put down your fork at9.______to make sure your brain receives10.______that you’re full. |
高三英语阅读理解困难题
One reason Americans eat so many calories is that we tend to eat large portions(分量). Studies find that hamburgers and fries are generally offered in serving sizes two to five times larger than the appropriate meal size. Researchers find we usually clean our plates no matter how high they're piled, even if we already feel satisfied. See the suggestions below to further master the fine art of sizing up(估量) your snacks and suppers.
Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years. Fortunately, portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat.
Pre-picture portions. Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon. For example, a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist. A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange.
Use a smaller dish. This tip might sound ridiculous, but it works. First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on, say, a salad plate. But psychologically, you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds.
Have raw vegetables at every meal. Raw cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots, and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients. A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up, cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat.
Start your meal with soup. Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption, since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients.
Manage your fork. After every bite of food, put your fork down. Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite. The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less. Remember: Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry.
Helpful hints on how to get a handle on the how-much factor | |
Facts | Hamburgers and fries served in restaurants are generally two to five times the 1.______of the proper ones. Americans usually clean their plates 2._____high they're piled, even if they are already satisfied |
Effects | Americans continue getting fatter even as they have eaten 3._calories from fat in recent years. |
4.____ | a. Use5._objects to imagine how much you should eat of a food before a meal. b. Use a smaller dish and thus eat 6.__. c. Have raw vegetables at every meal to cut down 7.____ for the more calorie-dense meat. d. Start your meal with 8.____to reduce meal consumption. e. Put down your fork at9.___to make sure your brain receives 10.____that you’re full. |
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
One reason Americans eat so many calories is that we tend to eat large portions(分量). Studies find that hamburgers and fries are generally offered in serving sizes two to five times larger than the appropriate meal size. Researchers find we usually clean our plates no matter how high they're piled, even if we already feel satisfied. See the suggestions below to further master the fine art of sizing up(估量) your snacks and suppers.
Extremely large portions are one possible reason Americans continue getting fatter even as the percentage of our total calories from fat has gone down in recent years. Fortunately, portions are relatively simple to control because it's easier to count cookies than calories or grams of fat.
Pre-picture portions. Use familiar objects to picture how much you should eat of a food before you pick up your fork or spoon. For example, a half cup of low-fat granola is about the size of your fist. A half cup of low-fat ice cream equals half an orange.
Use a smaller dish. This tip might sound ridiculous, but it works. First and most obvious is that you can't put as much food on, say, a salad plate. But psychologically, you're just not as prone to eat as heartily and quickly if your plate will be empty in 45 seconds.
Have raw vegetables at every meal. Raw cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots, and peppers have few calories and lots of nutrients. A plate of them in the middle of the table almost always gets eaten up, cutting down appetite for the more calorie-dense meat.
Start your meal with soup. Studies show that a bowl of soup at the start of the meal reduces overall meal consumption, since they are lowest in calories and highest in nutrients.
Manage your fork. After every bite of food, put your fork down. Don't pick it up until you have thoroughly chewed and swallowed the previous bite. The goal is both to slow down your eating and to eat less. Remember: Your body needs 20 minutes of digestion before it sends signals to your brain that you are no longer hungry.
Helpful hints on how to get a handle on the how-much factor | |
Facts | Hamburgers and fries served in restaurants are generally two to five times the1.______of the proper ones. Americans usually clean their plates 2.______high they're piled, even if they are already satisfied |
Effects | Americans continue getting fatter even as they have eaten3.______calories from fat in recent years. |
4.______ | a. Use5.______objects to imagine how much you should eat of a food before a meal. b. Use a smaller dish and thus eat 6._____. c. Have raw vegetables at every meal to cut down 7.______ for the more calorie-dense meat. d. Start your meal with 8.______to reduce meal consumption. e. Put down your fork at9.______to make sure your brain receives10.______that you’re full. |
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
-----I heard that many westerners prefer vegetables to meat.
-----It is true.Americans eat ___ vegetables each person today as they did 20 years ago.
A.more than twice B.as twice as many
C.twice as many D.that twice as many
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
.-----I heard that many westerners prefer vegetables to meat.
-----It is true. Americans eat ___ vegetables each person today as they did 20 years ago.
A.more than twice | B.as twice as many | C.twice as many | D.that twice as many |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
“ New and improved. ” These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs aren't an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.
A recent report in the British Medical Journal, "New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better?, analysed the issue, The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017 ; 152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.
"This doesn’t mean there's no added benefit," lead author Wieseler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. ” Wieseler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country's health care system should pay a premium ( 占)for them. Such organizations , known as health technology assessment ( HTA) agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunis,a researcher in Baltimore: “ If payers think a new drug isn't better than an existing drug,these agencies will require .that hospitals try the cheaper drug first. ”
Germany's HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn't always practical For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.
This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieseler's paper- With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs—a step too often neglected.
1.What message does the recent report convey?
A.Many new drugs have no improved advantages.
B.The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.
C.Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.
D.Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs.
2.What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?
A.Remove government premium on them.
B.Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.
C.Arrange financial support for the patients.
D.Put new drugs on further trials and studies.
3.What's the disadvantage of Germany's HTA trial demands?
A.Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.
B.Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.
C.Getting patients to depend on the government for support.
D.Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage of Existing Drugs
B.Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs
C.A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives
D.Peopled Preference for New or Old Drugs
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
"New and improved."These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked.But many new drugs aren't an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition,and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.
A recent report in the British Medical Journal,"New Drugs;Where Did We Go Wrong and What We Do Better?" analyzed the issue,The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017; 152 were newly developed,and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25% offered a major advantage over the established treatment,and fully 58% had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.
"This doesn't mean there's no added benefit,"lead author Wieseler said."It just means we have no positive proof Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough.”Wieseler and her co-authors work for a German agency which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country's health care system should pay a premium(补贴)for them.If payers think a new drug isn't better than an existing drug,these agencies will require that hospitals try the cheaper drug first.
Germany's HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn't always practical. For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming,with no guarantee of success.Secondly,it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives.This is already happening.Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with,such as rare diseases.
This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wieseler's paper.With accelerated approval,there are more products approved,with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials.One idea is to require postmarket studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs-a step too often neglected.
1.What message does the recent report convey?
A.Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.
B.The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.
C.Many new drugs have no improved advantages.
D.Almost half the drugs approved target the special cases.
2.What's the disadvantage of Germany's HTA trial demands?
A.Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.
B.Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.
C.Getting patients to depend on the government for support.
D.Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.
3.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage of Existing Drugs B.The Great Potential of New Drugs
C.People's Preference for New or Old Drugs D.A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
“New and improved. “These words are put in so many marketing campaigns that we tend to accept them as linked. But many new drugs aren’t an improvement over the best existing drug for a given condition, and the fast drug-approval processes in recent years have added to the uncertainty about their advantages.
A recent report in the British Medical Journal, “New Drugs: Where Did We Go Wrong and What Can We Do Better? “Analyzed the issue. The authors looked at 216 drugs approved between 2011 and 2017:152 were newly developed, and 64 were existing medicine approved for new uses. Only 25%offered a major advantage over the established treatment, and fully 58%had no confirmed added benefit to reduce symptoms or improve health-related quality of life.
“This doesn’t mean there’s no added benefit, “lead author Wissler said. “It just means we have no positive proof. Either we have no studies or have studies not good enough. “Wissler and her co-authors work for a German institute which evaluates new treatments and advises on whether the country’s health care system should pay a premium(补贴)for them. Such organizations, known as health technology assessment(HTA)agencies, work a little differently in the US, says Sean Tunisia researcher in Baltimore: “If payers think a new drug isn’t better than an existing drug, these agencies will require that hospitals try the cheaper drug first.”
Germanys HTA demands trials to prove that a new treatment beats the existing standard. This isn’t always practical. For one thing, such studies can be expensive and time-consuming, with no guarantee of success. Secondly, it can discourage companies from attempting to develop new alternatives. This is already happening. Drug developers are increasingly focused on areas where there are no good treatments to compete with, such as rare diseases.
This lack of meaningful data to guide patients is a major point of Wissler’s paper. With accelerated approval, there are more products approved, with a greater amount of uncertainty about risks and benefits. But there are other solutions besides drug trials. One idea is to require postmarked studies to track the effectiveness of newly approved drugs—a step too often neglected.
1.What message does the recent report convey?
A.Improved drugs have advantages over old ones.
B.Many new drugs have no improved advantages.
C.Before 2017 no improvement was made to drugs.
D.The approval processes for new drugs are too fast.
2.What will US HTA agencies do when no advantage is found in new drugs?
A.Get hospitals to use the cheaper drugs.
B.Remove government premium on them.
C.Arrange financial support for the patients.
D.Put new drugs on further trials and studies.
3.What’s the disadvantage of Germany’s HTA trial demands?
A.Getting patients to depend on the government for support.
B.Making drug companies think of illegal ways to cut cost.
C.Holding companies back from improving existing drugs.
D.Pushing companies to try alternatives for existing drugs.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Advantage of Existing Drugs
B.A Dilemma with New Drug Alternatives
C.Misunderstanding of New and Old Drugs
D.People’s Preference for New or Old Drug
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
阅读理解
Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonable thought,and sometimes land us in trouble. But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view. Keith Oatley,Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University,is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions.
He believes we are very ambivalent about them:we think of our emotions as being unreasonable,but we also consider them as essential to being human. For example,Mr. Spock,a character in the television series Star Trek,is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all. However,he is never made captain of the spaceship. Maybe,this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions.
As Professor Oatley points out,our emotions have very important functions,for example,fear. If we cross the road and a car approaches,we usually stop moving or step back. We stop what we are doing,check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment. The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which,on average, help protect our safety.
On the other hand,if things are going well and small problems come up,we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand. As a consequence, we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job.
Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something. Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person,or to try harder,and so on.
Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions. With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else, while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing.
1.What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions?
A.They affect reasonable thought.
B.They get us into trouble.
C.They are helpful to us.
D.They are reasonable.
2.What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.We have contradictory feelings towards emotions.
B.We have similar ideas of emotions.
C.We are quite clear about emotions.
D.We can do nothing about emotions.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.Fear helps us to be careful about our surroundings.
B.Happiness inspires us to continue what we are doing.
C.Anger may urge us to make greater efforts.
D.Anger tends to do us more harm than good.
4.It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A.we must control our emotions in daily life
B.emotions play a more important part than we realize
C.positive emotions such as love and joy are good for us
D.negative emotions make us continue what we are doing
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读理解。
Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonable thought,and sometimes land us in trouble. But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view. Keith Oatley,Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University,is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions.
He believes we are very ambivalent about them:we think of our emotions as being unreasonable,but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example,Mr Spock,a character in the television series Star Trek,is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.However,he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe,this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions.
As Professor Oatley points out,our emotions have very important functions,for example,fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches,we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing,check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which,on average,help preserve our safety.
On the other hand,if things are going well and small problems come up,we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence,we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job.
Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person,or to try harder,and so on.
Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else,while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing.
1.What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions?
A.They affect reasonable thought.
B.They get us into trouble.
C.They are helpful to us.
D.They are reasonable.
2.What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.We have contradictory feelings towards emotions.
B.We have similar ideas of emotions.
C.We are quite clear about emotions.
D.We can do nothing about emotions.
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A.Fear helps us to be careful about our surroundings.
B.Happiness inspires us to continue what we are doing.
C.Anger may urge us to make greater efforts.
D.Anger tends to do us more harm than good.
4.It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A.we must control our emotions in daily life
B.emotions play a more important part than we realize
C.positive emotions such as love and joy are good for us
D.negative emotions make us continue what we are doing
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
When I try to understand ____ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.
A.why does it B.what does it C.what it is D.why it is
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析