If you live in a town or city on the edge of a desert or coastline where sand dunes form, you might understand the threat they can have. It’s, sometimes, a piece of cake for them to cover roads, buildings, farms and other man-made developments with their unpredictable movements. Thus, figuring out how they move is important for preventing some natural disasters.
Now scientists have discovered that dunes have been secretly moving in ways we never knew before. There are different explanations on dune interaction, however, Karol Bacik, first author on the new dune study, and his colleagues have found a new one for dune movement. The researchers employed high-speed cameras to observe how dunes separated by distance can act as if they’re connected.
It turns out, currents flowing over sand dunes can carry “information” to other dunes downstream in the form of swirls(旋涡). For instance, as wind or water flows over the top of a dune, it slightly moves. This can generate “swirls” on the back of a downstream dune and push it in a direction opposite the movement of the front dune.
It’s the first time that researchers were able to provide causal explanations for some of these strange, previously unpredictable movements. The team also hopes to get out of the laboratory and into the real world, to see if their models can be applied to dune movements in complex natural systems. They plan to use satellite images over large deserts to track groups of dunes over long periods.
Perhaps they can start to alter the dune marching orders in the near future. Imagine being able to tell a dune field exactly how you want it to move. That’s the idea that this research might one day make possible.
1.We can learn that the purpose of the study is to _________.
A.stop the sand dunes from moving around
B.figure out the track of sand dune movements
C.prove the interaction of dunes with each other
D.examine a model of sand dunes in the real world
2.What does the underlined word “one” in Para. 2 refer to?
A.A study. B.An interaction. C.An explanation. D.A dune.
3.Which of the following can we know from the passage?
A.A sand dune communicates with another only by currents.
B.Swirls on the back of a dune are the power to move itself.
C.Some strange dune movements have got causally explained before.
D.Researchers think it unnecessary to study further on the dune models.
高一英语阅读选择困难题
If you live in a town or city on the edge of a desert or coastline where sand dunes form, you might understand the threat they can have. It’s, sometimes, a piece of cake for them to cover roads, buildings, farms and other man-made developments with their unpredictable movements. Thus, figuring out how they move is important for preventing some natural disasters.
Now scientists have discovered that dunes have been secretly moving in ways we never knew before. There are different explanations on dune interaction, however, Karol Bacik, first author on the new dune study, and his colleagues have found a new one for dune movement. The researchers employed high-speed cameras to observe how dunes separated by distance can act as if they’re connected.
It turns out, currents flowing over sand dunes can carry “information” to other dunes downstream in the form of swirls(旋涡). For instance, as wind or water flows over the top of a dune, it slightly moves. This can generate “swirls” on the back of a downstream dune and push it in a direction opposite the movement of the front dune.
It’s the first time that researchers were able to provide causal explanations for some of these strange, previously unpredictable movements. The team also hopes to get out of the laboratory and into the real world, to see if their models can be applied to dune movements in complex natural systems. They plan to use satellite images over large deserts to track groups of dunes over long periods.
Perhaps they can start to alter the dune marching orders in the near future. Imagine being able to tell a dune field exactly how you want it to move. That’s the idea that this research might one day make possible.
1.We can learn that the purpose of the study is to _________.
A.stop the sand dunes from moving around
B.figure out the track of sand dune movements
C.prove the interaction of dunes with each other
D.examine a model of sand dunes in the real world
2.What does the underlined word “one” in Para. 2 refer to?
A.A study. B.An interaction. C.An explanation. D.A dune.
3.Which of the following can we know from the passage?
A.A sand dune communicates with another only by currents.
B.Swirls on the back of a dune are the power to move itself.
C.Some strange dune movements have got causally explained before.
D.Researchers think it unnecessary to study further on the dune models.
高一英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析
If you live in Shanghai，Beijing or many other cities，you may see many orange bicycles on the streets these days．
These bikes are owned by a company called Mobike．You can order a bike through an app on your phone．When you find a bike，you just scan a QR code （扫描二维码） on the bike so you can use it．You don’t need to return the bike to a station—you can park it anywhere．
China was known as "the kingdom of bicycles" about 30 years ago．But more people choose to drive cars and catch the subway these days．Bike rental(租凭的) services like Mobike are bringing bikes back．
"Back then，I got the feeling that Chinese people were trying to be modern and push away the past．So they did not want to be linked with bicycles，" said Ines Brunn，a German woman who runs a bike store in Beijing．"I do believe changes in people's tastes will shape new thinking about bikes．"
Online rental services are making biking more convenient，but it's still not easy to ride bikes in Chinese cities．Cars often take up bicycle lanes(道路)． Bikers have to ride next to cars in car lanes，which can be very dangerous．
Beijing plans to build over 3,200 km of new bike lanes．Drivers who drive in bike lanes will be punished．Traffic signs will be put up to better protect bikers．
1.If you want to use a Mobike, ________.
A. you have to scan a QR code B. you don't need to pay for it
C. you don't have to return it D. you have to pay for an app
2.Which of the following is NOT true，according to Paragraph 3?
A. China had the most bicycles in the world about 30 years ago．
B. There are more bicyclists than motorists these days．
C. More people are driving cars or taking the subway these days．
D. Bike rental services are becoming more popular．
3.What does Ines Brunn mean when she says people’s tastes are changing？
A. Chinese people like modern things．
B. Chinese people like riding bicycles．
C. People in Beijing are changing their tastes．
D. More people will start riding bikes．
4.Which is the best title for the passage？
A. How to use a Mobike
B. Orange bikes will be fashionable
C. Bringing back bikes
D. Why is Beijing building new bike lanes？
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Do you think about overseas trip but worry that you might make a less-than-worthy choice because you can’t afford to visit all the places on your wish list before you make your final decision? However, little money doesn’t mean you have to stay at home. 1.
Hug the simple joy with travel. 2. Or even climb to the top of a hill and watch the sun set over the ocean. The simple joy of being in a new place is just a matter of going some place new. No tour package required.
3. People need fresh air, exercise, creative excitement, a new relationship and so on. All of these things are simple to get and most of them are free. For fresh air, go outside. For exercise, go out for a jog. For creative excitement, go somewhere new, such as a neighbourhood near your accommodation or just a local market. For a new relationship, make friends with the locals. And you can get a better understanding of the native civilization.
Go slowly. If you live in New York and want to take a 2-week vacation to Africa, it will be very tough to travel with low cost. Time is not money. 4. Instead of buying a plane ticket, take a train or bus, or just hop your bike and ride away from the town. The slower you travel, the less money you will spend.
Try to get your accommodation for free or next-to-nothing. Find kind souls around the world who agree to offer an extra bedroom, sofa, or a corner of the floor to travelers in exchange for the same kindness when they visit your town. This plan involves trading homes for an agreed-on amount of time. 5.
A.Time can be free.
B.Keep your needs to the lowest degree.
C.Walk on the streets of a city and chat with a local.
D.Things like air and water are much cheaper once you get outside.
E.With a bit of creativity and some tricks, you can travel the world cheaply.
F.If you can do what needs to be done around the house, just stay inside for free.
G.It works best if your home is in a place someone wants to visit during your vacations.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
For many, traveling is a way to escape the worst parts of daily life. But what if a travel destination(目的地) witnessed terrible events, like war, genocide (大屠杀) or nuclear fallout? Would you still want to visit?
There’s a growing phenomenon called “dark tourism” – people visit sites to do with death and human suffering. “It’s living on the edge almost – if you go to a place where people have really died,” Karel Werdler, a senior lecturer in history at InHolland University in the Netherlands, told CNN.
When people go to traditional tourist spots, like Disneyland, or some wonders of the world, they may feel happy to enjoy something interesting or new. Dark tourism, however, not only provides that newness but also can make them feel lucky that their problems are so small in comparison. According to the Guardian, “Dark tourism to some extent depends on the reverse (颠倒) of the old equation (方程式) of more familiar tourism.”
For many people, these sites offer a way to think about the mistakes of the past and the lessons we can learn from history. For example, Chernobyl, in the Ukraine, is one of the most popular dark destinations. When its nuclear reactor (核反应堆) blew up in 1984, it released a radioactive cloud so devastating that the surrounding area will remain uninhabitable (不适宜居住的) for 20,000 years. Despite the destruction and danger of the still present radiation, nearly 72,000 people visited the area last year, reports the BBC. One of these was Li Yimeng, who went on a tour of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. During the tour she saw the homes of the power plant’s former workers, deserted classrooms, and an abandoned playground.
“I experienced a whole range of emotions as I saw the area where they used to live, which is now a wasteland,” she told China Daily. She also stressed the need to show respect when visiting places like Chernobyl. Though dark tourism is related to death and dying, “it tells us more about life and the living”, The Sun said.
1.What is the main purpose of the article?
A.To compare different types of travel.
B.To persuade readers to join in dark tourism.
C.To tell readers of a new type of travel.
D.To introduce one of the most popular dark destinations.
2.What does the underlined word “devastating” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.dark B.destructive C.huge D.straight
3.With the example of Li Yimeng, the author tries to show dark tourism _____.
A.can be a frightening experience
B.makes people think about life
C.call on people to take action to avoid disasters
D.warns people to be careful about high technology
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many college students complain about dormitory life： a sweltering room without air﹣conditioning in summer and a dormitory gate which is closed at 11 pm. But they may miss their dormitories after graduation，when they have to spend as much as a third of their income renting a shabby room.
The rising prices of daily necessities， including food， water， gas and electricity， are also making graduates save every penny to make ends meet.
Faced with the high cost of living， college graduates need to make every penny work when they budget their income.
When it comes to renting， try to spend no more than one third of your income on it.Better still， only spend a quarter， according to Hao Qian， a career consultant（咨询师）.
Hao also reminds graduates to set aside about one fifth of their income for social activities. "People have spent more on their social lives because of changes in forms of entertainment，"said Hao. For example， new friends may want to meet you at a quiet club instead of at a noisy house.
In spite of the high cost of living， many college graduates still， try to stay in big cities.They usually work in industries such as finance， public relations and IT， which depend on a booming city economy and technology.
Hao advises such graduates to reduce their expenditure on shopping as much as possible."If you are not in jobs such as PR and sales which require you to dress well， you don't need to spend much on clothes and " accessories ，" said Hao."Spend less than one eighth of your monthly income on shopping. "
1.What does the underlined word "sweltering" in the first paragraph probably mean？
A.Hot and airless.
B.Damp and narrow.
C.Simple and dull.
D.Comfortable and rich.
2.Which item takes up the most income of the graduates according to Hao Qian？
A.Travel.
B.Shopping.
C.Social activities.
D.Renting.
3.How does the author begin the text？
A.By making comparisons.
B.By making analysis.
C.By using an example.
D.By describing processes.
4.We can know from the text that .
A.the money spent on social activities is mainly to broaden business cooperation
B.it's unwise to meet your new friend in your dormitory with loud roommates
C.more and more graduates choose to work in small towns or medium cities
D.if you take up a PR job in a firm， you can wear casual clothes
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
If you are dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.
Manarola
Manarola, Italy, is filled with rainbow-colored homes along the Mediterranean (地中海) coast. This attractive fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine, and the paintings. There are no cars here, no traffic lights, or traffic noise. You can drive to Manarola, but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.
Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, is a fascinating mountain town, once two separate towns, one Roman and the other Teutonic. The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one, though the two sides still have different characters. The town dates back to 15 AD, filled with narrow streets lined with historic three or four-story buildings painted with religious scenes (宗教场景).
Marsaxlokk
The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk, Malta, was built in 900 BC. Today, this picture-like town is the main supplier (供应地) of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea. It has no modern buildings to ruin its attractiveness. With such quiet surroundings, including the traditional fishing boats, it is a particularly charming (迷人的) place to visit.
Port Magee
In a country filled with beautiful towns, Port Magee, is a standout, sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland. This seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history. At The Bridge Bar, you will find live music many nights of the week along with nice food and a fine glass of beer.
1.In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car?
A.Manarola. B.Garmisch-Partenkirchen.
C.Marsaxlokk. D.Port Magee.
2.Marsaxlokk is attractive for______.
A.wine and paintings B.religious scenes
C.fishing boats and old buildings D.rich history and live music
3.Manarola and Port Magee are perfect choices for tourists who ______.
A.prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town
B.want to stay on a Mediterranean island
C.have special interest in traditional fishing boats
D.need to be refreshed in a mountain town
4.You may find this passage on a __________.
A.newspaper B.tourist guide
C.scientific magazine D.geography book
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Why do we have deserts today? Deserts have not always been here. Most deserts that we have today were once green lands full of plant life. One of today’s biggest deserts is in North Africa. However, in the 1st century BC farms in North Africa grew corn and wheat to make bread for the whole city of Rome. How did this area become desert?
Both weather and people can help form a desert. Hot weather or very little rain makes the land so dry that nothing can grow. While in some regions, the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as a result of a trend toward drier climatic conditions.
Continued gradual global warming has produced an increase in aridity (干旱) for some areas over the past few thousand years. The process may be sped up in the following decades if global warming resulting from air pollution seriously increases.
The primary reason for desert formation is human activities, though. If people cut down or burn trees and plants to make land clear for farming, the wind can blow the soil away and turn the dry land into sand. Another big problem is farming on land that is not very good. This poor land can very quickly turn into desert, if it is farmed too much. One of the biggest causes, however, is when people take their animals to the same fields to feed over and over, and the fields finally lose all their nutrition. Because of these problems, deserts are slowly taking over green land in many parts of the world, including China.
However, we can fight the growing deserts! In some parts of China people are working to prevent desert from expanding. In Xinjiang, for example, some farmers are trying new scientific farming methods. These methods make it possible to use less land for crops, so farmers then can plant trees on the rest of their land!
One Xinjiang farmer used only HALF of his fields to grow the SAME amount of crops as last year. On the other half of his land, he planted fruit trees. The work of people like this is helping to fight the world’s growing deserts.
高一英语概要写作中等难度题查看答案及解析
For centuries, people have moved to and lived in cities. These urban centres are places to find work, friends and fun. It's no surprise that they continue to grow as more and more people flood in hoping to make the most of the chances they offer but adding to the congestion and pollution that already exist.
According to a report by the United Nations, 54 percent of the world's population lives in urban areas and it predicts that by 2050,this figure will have increased to around 70 percent. But as more and more people move from the countryside to the city to get better chances, they can end up with nowhere to live.
This is true in places such as Rio de Janeiro, where the people from the countryside can't rent or buy a home,and they end up building their own communities and houses on unoccupied land. These are called shanty towns— poor communities where the houses are built out of cheap materials—and often don't have any electricity or water supply.
These are, of course, not the future cities we want to see. Some serious urban planning is needed to make our cities of the future good, safe and modern places to live in. This involves improving the housing conditions, the chances for education and employment and so on.
Something urban planners are looking at now is the creation of“smart cities”. According to John Rossant, founder and chairman of the non-profit organisation New Cities Foundation, technology is the way forward. He thinks that it's generally accepted that “cloud computing, ubiquitous Internet, robust 5G networks etc, will change our cities”. He says technology is really “a game changer” in urbanization (城市化). It would collect large amounts of data about how a city is working and may improve how a city functions.
1.Why will a larger population be living in a city by 2050?
A.Because the government encourages the development of cities.
B.Because more people will have more children.
C.Because the countryside will disappear.
D.Because more people will move into the city to get more good opportunities
2.What can we know about shanty towns?
A.They have good quality housing built for poor people.
B.They are filled with people living under poverty.
C.They are built by the government.
D.They are developed and modern.
3.What name is given to a city that uses technology to help it function properly?
A.Traditional cities. B.Future cities.
C.Smart cities. D.Developing cities
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others，improve your skills and become a more confident，independent person. If you are interested in volunteering abroad，here are some places to go.
Australia
If you seek a life on the beach，in a great climate with friendly people，Australia might be your best bet. With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays，it will be a very popular option.
Brazil
This vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year. A lot of volunteer work is available in Brazil centers on conservation and ecological projects. With the world's largest rainforest in Brazil，of which huge part is in danger，there are lots of different jobs you can do.
Kenya
Kenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience. Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages (孤儿院) or with local children living in slums. There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty，so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community，Kenya should be at the top of your list.
Costa Rica
Golden sandy beaches，clear coastlines and beautiful cities are what Costa Rica is all about. Because of its small size，you can see a lot of the country in just a short time. You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer. A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work，so if you want to look after turtles on the beach，Costa Rica could be just the place for you.
1.If you are interested in protecting the environment，you will probably go to .
A.Australia B.Brazil C.Kenya D.Costa Rica
2.It can be inferred from the passage that volunteers in Kenya mainly work with .
A.animals B.plants C.the elderly D.children
3.If you choose to go to Costa Rica，you are supposed to .
A.take care of trees in the forests B.surf with children in the water
C.work with animals on the beach D.look after children who have lost their parents
高一英语阅读选择简单题查看答案及解析
If you’re looking at Mercer’s top 20 livable cities as inspiration for your holiday, you would miss out many great places. According to Mercer’s latest Quality of Living Survey, Moscow ranks 167 and Beijing only 119, yet both provide visitors great pleasures. Meanwhile high-ranked cities such as Kobe or Seattle may be easy places to live in, but offer little excitement to tourists.
Actually, many of the world’s most livable cities are a little dull. The world isn’t dashing to visit Canberra or Montreal. In fact, none of the world’s 10 most visited cities appear in Mercer’s top 20. Obviously, considerations for enjoyable holiday hotspots are different from those that make cities comfortable places to live in.
This should be no surprise, since the various livability lists aren’t concerned with tourists or even native people. Mercer, for example, is a Britain-based consulting company whose lists provide multinationals with information about where to start their businesses. “The success of international business is mainly influenced by necessary things such as ease of travel, communication, personal safety and good public services,” says Slagin Parakatil, who leads Mercer’s research. “In short, Mercer’s rating is mainly determined by whether the cities are attractive to businesses, and have good schools, hospitals and nice offices.”
Still, Mercer’s Quality of Living Survey has its uses for tourists, since it also looks at natural and cultural environments and entertainments. It ranks public transport and infrastructure (基础设施) particularly high, a consideration shared by the World Economic Forum in reports on tourism and travel competitiveness. This includes hotels, rental-cars and even ATM numbers, all of which make a place friendly to businesses and visitors.
1.Which city is attractive to tourists according to the text?
A.Canberra. B.Montreal.
C.Moscow. D.Kobe.
2.What does the underlined word “multinationals” in paragraph3 refer to?
A.Foreign tourists. B.International companies.
C.Native businessmen. D.Consulting organizations.
3.What is important to both businesses and tourists?
A.Big banks. B.Good hospitals
C.Nice schools. D.Easy public transport.
4.What does the author say about Mercer’s Quality of Living Survey?
A.It has little use for tourists and businessmen.
B.It may not be the best guidance for tourists.
C.It ranks business environments too high.
D.Businesses and tourists can rely on it for plans.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析