Against the supposition(假设)that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate
B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season
D. protect the forests and the environment there
2. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _________.
A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
3.Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
4.The underlined part “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. distributed
5.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.
A. warm the climate as the supposition goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高二英语阅读理解简单题
Against the supposition(假设)that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate
B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season
D. protect the forests and the environment there
2. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _________.
A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
3.Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
4.The underlined part “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. distributed
5.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.
A. warm the climate as the supposition goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
46. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may __________.
A. result in a warming climate
B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season
D. protect the forests and the environment there
47. The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT __________.
A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere
B. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increase
C. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into space
D. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun
48. Earlier studies about northern forest fires __________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
49.The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means __________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. distributed
50. From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.
A. warm the climate as the supposition goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Against the assumption that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
1.According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate
B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season
D. protect the forests and the environment there
2.Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
3.The underlined phrase “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. disturbed
4. From the text we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ______.
A. warm the climate as the assumption goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy .
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Local people saw the forests in the big fire but they couldn’t put out the fire at that moment.
A. destroy
B. to be destroyed
C. destroying
D. being destroyed
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch ______ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be ______ if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. ______, the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s ______ was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the ______ roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
____ January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were ______. Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) ______. They would have the medicine sent by ______ from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers—known as “mushers”—would ______ it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. ______ he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to ______ a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most ______ part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would ______, and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his ______. He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to ______ the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, ______ to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to _______. He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog ______ in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been ______.
1.A. examined B. warned C. Interviewed D. cured
2.A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless
3.A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
4.A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border
5.A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty
6.A. From B. On C. By D. After
7.A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick
8.A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic
9.A. air B. rail C. sea D. road
10.A. carry B. return C. mail D. give
11.A. Though B. Since C. When D. If
12.A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross
13.A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish
14.A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die
15.A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination
16.A. find B. fix C. pass D. change
17.A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning
18.A. run B. leave C. bite D. play
19.A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived
20.A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. Developed
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Starting in 1972, the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires called Natural Bum. It was true 1. some forest fires, such as those which were caused by lightning were necessary for forests 2. (keep) balanced ecosystems, so the fire should be allowed to burn.3., a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in 1988 caused this policy to be abandoned (放弃) since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of control. As a result, the fire of 1988 destroyed much of Yellowstone, which is America’s 4. (old) and most beloved national park. Massive areas of plants were destroyed, and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted 5. (visit). The rivers and streams were choked with ash, and the ecosystem of the park was changed 6. repair.
In addition, great numbers of animals 7. (kill) by the fires that burned out of control. The fires were driven by high winds,8. (move) as many as ten miles a day. Many small animals died in the flames. The fires’ rapid advances 9. (give) the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today, few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires, the numbers of visitors declined 10. (rapid).
高二英语短文填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Houses fall down. Trees fall over. Large holes form in the ground. Could Alaska be sinking? That’s what some villagers in Alaska have been asking themselves recently and scientists think they know why. Warmer temperatures may be causing Alaska’s frozen ground to thaw (解冻).
About 85 percent of Alaska’s land surface has permafrost (永久冻结带). Permafrost supports the ground above it—including trees, houses, and roads. But why is the permafrost thawing?
Some scientists say that human-caused pollution is leading to global warming. And most scientists agree that Alaska has been getting warmer. They say that the warmer temperature is causing permafrost to thaw in some areas. The thawing permafrost can cause problems for people, plants, and animals.
The collapsing (倒塌) is a problem in the villages in Alaska which are built on permafrost, and some of them may have to move to safer ground, where there is no permafrost.
The Alaskan town of Glennallen saw its old post office collapse. And, according to James Walters, a permafrost expert at the University of Northern Iowa, house-moving companies have been very busy.
“Melting permafrost can also destroy trees and forests,” Walters said. “When holes in the ground form, trees fall into them and die. This could turn a forest into a swamp (沼泽), and animals which need the forests will have to move elsewhere.”
“The melting could cause severe problems.” Walters says, “This could take hundreds of years, but in the end Alaska will look quite different from what it looks like now.”
1.The main reason why permafrost is thawing is that ______.
A. the temperature in Alaska is rising
B. people in Alaska don’t take care of permafrost
C. too many houses are built on permafrost
D. people in Alaska polluted permafrost
2.The following are the results of melting permafrost EXCEPT ______.
A. holes form in the ground
B. a forest will be turned into a swamp
C. some animals have to go elsewhere
D. more water will be needed by people and animals
3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. When permafrost melts, houses will fall down.
B. House-moving companies are busy because their houses are in danger.
C. To stop permafrost melting is a very difficult problem.
D. Most of Alaska’s land surface has permafrost.
4.Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage?
A. Alaska—A Frozen Land B. Pollution and Global Warming
C. Is Alaska Sinking? D. Alaska Is Polluted
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It was on her 14th birthday that her first book , In the Forest of the Night , was accepted for publication. It was a huge success gaining the attention of millions of young readers. At 16, her second novel, Demon in My View, also reached the bookstores. Several books later , the teenage author still works away in her room, surrounded by shelves full of dark tales about vampires(吸血鬼)and witches. Amelia Atwater – Rhodes is widely seen as America’s finest teen writer and was named one of Teen People’s “20 Teens Who Will Change the World.”
Born in 1984, she began making up stories when she was about three years old. “I never stopped and said, ‘I want to write’,” Amelia remembers. “I loved stories and created stories before I was old enough to know how to write them down.”
In her family, reading was basic and fun. “My parents encouraged me to read---- and to read anything I wanted, so long as I was reading,” she said. “They never restricted what I read. Later, when I started writing, they never criticized what I did or said I was ‘too young’. They never said it was impossible for me to achieve what I have.”
In her short but successful career, Amelia has tried different styles. But vampires were the first characters to really come alive in her work. From them she has developed a whole world, one which she always enjoys learning more about.
As a published teen writer, Amelia’s advice to other teens who dream of being authors is: just do it! “I believe anything is possible. Don’t give up your dreams just because you fear failure. Getting a book published is difficult, but if I can do it, others can too . ”
1.What can we learn about Amelia Atwater – Rhodes?
A. Reading widely helped her a lot in her career.
B. She found getting a book published was easy.
C. Vampires have been the only characters in her books.
D. Her parents began to teach her to make up stories when she was 3.
2.What do we know about Amelia’s parents?
A. They helped her with writing stories.
B. They fully supported her.
C. They thought she was too young to read.
D. They chose what she read.
3.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to __________.
A. Vampires B. different styles
C. Teenagers D. characters in her novel
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Good News for Teen Writers
B. Is It Possible for a Teen Writer to Be Published?
C. Advice on Being Teen Writers
D. A Top-selling Teen Writer Pens Vampire Tales
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It was on her 14th birthday that her first book , In the Forest of the Night , was accepted for publication. It was a huge success gaining the attention of millions of young readers. At 16, her second novel, Demon in My View, also reached the bookstores. Several books later , the teenage author still works away in her room, surrounded by shelves full of dark tales about vampires(吸血鬼)and witches. Amelia Atwater – Rhodes is widely seen as America’s finest teen writer and was named one of Teen People’s “20 Teens Who Will Change the World.”
Born in 1984, she began making up stories when she was about three years old. “I never stopped and said, ‘I want to write’,” Amelia remembers. “I loved stories and created stories before I was old enough to know how to write them down.”
In her family, reading was basic and fun. “My parents encouraged me to read---- and to read anything I wanted, so long as I was reading,” she said. “They never restricted what I read. Later, when I started writing, they never criticized what I did or said I was ‘too young’. They never said it was impossible for me to achieve what I have.”
In her short but successful career, Amelia has tried different styles. But vampires were the first characters to really come alive in her work. From them she has developed a whole world, one which she always enjoys learning more about.
As a published teen writer, Amelia’s advice to other teens who dream of being authors is: just do it! “I believe anything is possible. Don’t give up your dreams just because you fear failure. Getting a book published is difficult, but if I can do it, others can too . ”
1.What can we learn about Amelia Atwater – Rhodes?
A. Reading widely helped her a lot in her career.
B. She found getting a book published was easy.
C. Vampires have been the only characters in her books.
D. Her parents began to teach her to make up stories when she was 3.
2.What do we know about Amelia’s parents?
A. They helped her with writing stories.
B. They fully supported her.
C. They thought she was too young to read.
D. They chose what she read.
3.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to __________..
A. Vampires B. different styles
C. Teenagers D. characters in her novel
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Good News for Teen Writers
B. Is It Possible for a Teen Writer to Be Published?
C. Advice on Being Teen Writers
D. A Top-selling Teen Writer Pens Vampire Tales
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
More than 220 people 1. (kill) in the fire that destroyed the Capital Building 2. February 4th, 1974. The building was finished only a few months 3. the fire; it was Sao Paulo’s newest building. All the 25 floors of the office building were 4. (complete ) destroyed. The fire also destroyed cars 5. belonged to the people who worked in the building.
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke 6. on the 11th floor. No one knows 7. the fire started. Perhaps it was started by an 8. (electricity) fire in the ceiling of one of the offices. Office workers tried to put out the fire, 9. it was impossible to control it. Soon the whole floor was on fire and it was impossible for people on the floors above10. (escape).
高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析