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阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Many theories regarding the causes of juvenile delinquency （crimes committed by young people） focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence．Theories on the individual suggest that children criminal behavior before they were not sufficiently for previous misbehaviors or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others．Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status or as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from families, the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes．The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate control from parents．All , however, are uncertain or unimproved and are of course challenged with criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly juvenile crime rates．For example, changes in the economy that to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain．This results in among youths and may in lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also experienced these years．More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; ,children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family ．This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates．Other noticeable of offensive acts include experience or failure in school, the availability of drugs and alcohol, and the growing phenomenon of child abuse and child neglect．All these conditions tend to increase the of a child committing a criminal act, a direct cause and effect relationship has not yet been established.
1.A．centering B．depending C．figuring D．concerning
2.A．refer to B．know about C．engage in D．learn of
3.A．punished B．forgiven C．forgotten D．excused
4.A．return B．contact C．reference D．response
5.A．respected B．cultivated C．disadvantaged D．immigrated
6.A．considering B．ignoring C．highlighting D．believing
7.A．values B．misbehaviors C．criminals D．theories
8.A．affect B．reduce C．prevent D．reflect
9.A．point B．lead C．come D．add
10.A．in general B．on average C．by contrast D．at last
11.A．discomfort B．dissatisfaction C．dishonesty D．discrimination
12.A．case B．short C．turn D．return
13.A．failure B．miseries C．development D．changes
14.A．contrarily B．consequently C．similarly D．occasionally
15.A．education B．concept C．structure D．economy
16.A．suggestions B．causes C．ideas D．reports
17.A．smooth B．favorable C．unfavorable D．practical
18.A．increasing B．restricted C．reasonable D．popular
19.A．knowledge B．aspect C．strength D．probability
20.A．since B．although C．as D．because
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People do not analyse every problem they meet．Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 1problem．They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people．Other times they begin to act without 2; they try to find a solution by trial and error．However, when all of these methods 3, the person with a problem has to start analyzing ．There are six 4in analysing a problem．
5, the person must recognize that there is a problem．For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does．Sam must 6that there is a problem with his bicycle．
Next the person must 7the problem．Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work．For example, he must 8the parts that are wrong．
Now the person must look for 9that will make the problem clearer and lead to 10solutions．For example, suppose Sam 11that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes．12, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully．
After 13the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution．Take Sam as an example 14, his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones．
In the end, one 15seems to be the solution to the problem．Sometimes the 16idea comes quite 17because the thinker suddenly sees something in a 18way．Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake．He immediately hits on the solution to his problem: he must 19the brake．
Finally the solution is 20．Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly．In short he has solved the problem．
1.A．serious B．usual C．similar D．common
2.A．practice B．thinking C．understanding D．help
3.A．fail B．work C． change D．develop
4.A．ways B．conditions C．stages D．orders
5.A．First B．Usually C．In general D．Most importantly
6.A．explain B．prove C．show D．see
7.A．judge B．find 
describe D．face
8.A．check B．determine C．correct D．recover
9.A．answers B．skills C．explanation D．information
10.A．possible B．exact C．real D．special
11.A．hopes B．argues C．decides D．suggests
12.A．In other words B．Once in a while C．First of all D．At this time
13.A．discussing B．settling down C．comparing with D．studying
14.A．secondly B．again C．also D．alone
15.A．suggestion B．conclusion C．decision D．discovery
16.A．next B．clear C．final D．new
17.A．unexpectedly B．late C．clearly D．often
18.A．simple B．different C．quick D．sudden
19.A．clean B．separate C．loosen D．remove
20.A．recorded B．completed C．tested D．accepted
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36 problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 37 ; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods 38 , the person with a problem has to start analyzing . There are six 39 in analysing a problem.
40 , the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 41 that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the person must 42 the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 43 the parts that are wrong.
Now the person must look for 44 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 45 solutions. For example, suppose Sam 46 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 47 , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.
After 48 the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 49 , his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy new brakes and change the old ones.
In the end, one 50 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 51 idea comes quite 52 because the thinker suddenly sees something in a 53 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake. He immediately hits on the solution to his problem: he must 54 the brake.
Finally the solution is 55 . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.
1.A. serious B. usual similar D. common
2.A. practice B. thinking understanding D. help
3.A. fail B. work change D. develop
4.A. ways B. conditions stages D. orders
5.A. First B. Usually In general D. Most importantly
6.A. explain B. prove show D. see
7.A. judge B. find describe D. face
8.A. check B. determine correct D. recover
9.A. answers B. skills C. explanation D. information
10.A. possible B. exact C. real D. special
11.A. hopes B. argues C. decides D. suggests
12.A. In other wordsB. Once in a while C. First of all D. At this time
13.A. discussing B. settling down C. comparing with D. studying
14.A. secondly B. again C. also D. alone
15.A. suggestion B. conclusion C. decision D. discovery
16.A. next B. clear C. final D. new
17.A. unexpectedly B. late C. clearly D. often
18.A. simple B. different C. quick D. sudden
19.A. clean B. separate C. loosen D. remove
20.A. recorded B. completed C. tested D. accepted
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ago a professor gave a group of graduate students this assignment：Go to the slums(贫民窟)．Take 200 boys between the ages of 12 and 16, investigate their ________ and environment and then ________ their chances for the future. The students，after ________ social statistics，talking to the boys and compiling(汇编) much data, ________ that 90 percent of the boys would spend some time in ________.
Twentyfive years later another group of graduate students were given the job of ________ the previous prediction. They went back to the ________ area. Some of the boys—now ________ —were still there，a few had died and some has moved away. But they managed to ________ 180 of the original 200. They found that only four of the boys had ever been sent to prison.
Why was it that these men，who had lived in a breeding place of ________，had such surprisingly ________ record？The researchers were ________ told. “Well，there was a ________.”
They investigated ________ and found that in 78 percent of the ________ it was the same woman. The researchers went to the teacher，now living in a home for ________ teacher. How had she had this remarkable ________ on that group of children？Could she give them any reason why these boys ________ her？“No，”she said，“I really couldn't.” And then，________ over the years，she said musingly(沉思地)，more to herself than to her questioners，“I ________ these boys.” The researchers finally realized that it was the teacher's care that made a difference.
1.A. safety B．nationalities C．health D. backgrounds
2.A. advise B．increase C．predict D．check
3.A. consulting B．preparing C．offering D．showing
4.A. discussed B．concluded C．introduced D．expected
5.A. business B．school C．hospital D．prison
6.A. testing B．explaining C．finding D．making
7.A. special B．same C．only D．lonely
8.A. workers B．teenagers C．men D．students
9.A. record B．find C．know D．trace
10.A. disease B．magic C．disaster D．crime
11.A. reliable B．good C．detailed D．bad
12.A. normally B．gradually C．continually D．nearly
13.A. teacher B．doctor C．director D．friend
14.A. too B．instead C．already D．further
15.A. cases B．manners C．states D．ways
16.A. determined B．well-known C．retired D．skilled
17.A. technique B．influence C．courage D．advantage
18.A. remembered B．rewarded C．treated D．frightened
19.A. looking around B．going on
C．working out D．thinking back
20.A. persuaded B．reminded C．loved D．taught
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Many theories regarding the causes of juvenile delinquency（crimes committed by young people）focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence．Theorieson the individual suggest that childrencriminal behavior before they were not sufficientlyfor previous misbehaviors or that they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others．Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes into their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status or as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children fromfamilies，the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes．The latter may commit crimes for lack of adequate control from parents．All，however，are uncertain or unimproved and are of course challenged with criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectlyjuvenile crime rates．For example，changes in the economy thatto fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain．This results inamong youths and may inlead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also experiencedthese years．More families consist of one parent households or two working parents；，children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional family．This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates．Other noticeableof offensive acts includeexperience or failure in school，theavailability of drugs and alcohol，and the growing phenomenon of child abuse and child neglect．All these conditions tend to increase theof a child committing a criminal act，a direct cause and effect relationship has not yet been established.
1.A． centering B． depending C． figuring D． concerning
2.A． refer to B． know about C． engage in D． learn of
3.A． punished B． forgiven C． forgotten D． excused
4.A． return B． contact C． reference D． response
5.A． respected B． cultivated C． disadvantaged D． immigrated
6.A． considering B． ignoring C． highlighting D． believing
7.A． values B． misbehaviors C． criminals D． theories
8.A． affect B． reduce C． prevent D． reflect
9.A． point B． lead C． come D． add
10.A． in general B． on average C． by contrast D． at last
11.A． discomfort B． dissatisfaction C． dishonesty D． discrimination
12.A． case B． short C． turn D． return
13.A． failure B． miseries C． development D． changes
14.A． contrarily B． consequently C． similarly D． occasionally
15.A． education B． concept C． structure D． economy
16.A． suggestions B． causes C． ideas D． reports
17.A． smooth B． favorable C． unfavorable D． practical
18.A． increasing B． restricted C． reasonable D． popular
19.A． knowledge B． aspect C． strength D． probability
20.A． since B． although C． as D． because
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
My friend Michelle is blind, but you’d never know it. She makes such good use of her other , including her“sixth sense”, that she rarely gives the impression that she's anything.
Michelle looks after her children pretty much like the rest of us, that she doesn't push too hard on them, really benefit a lot from her relaxed attitude. She knows when to clean the house, and she moves around so fast that often don't realize she's blind.
I this the first time after my six-year-old daughter, Kayla, went to play there. When Kayla came home, she was very about her day. She told me they had baked cookies, played games and done art projects. But she was excited about her finger-painting project.
“Mom, guess what?” said Kayla, all smiles. “I learned how to colors today! Blue and red make purple, and yellow and blue make green! And Michelle with us”.
To my great , my child had learned about color from a blind friend! Then Kayla continued, “Michelle told me my showed joy, pride and a sense of accomplishment. She really what I was doing!” Kayla said she had never known how good finger paints felt Michelle showed her how to paint without looking at her paper.
I realized Kayla didn't know that Michelle was blind. It had just never in conversation. When I told my daughter that Michelle was blind, she was for a moment. At first, she didn't believe me. “But Mommy, Michelle knew exactly what was in my picture!” Kayla . And I knew my child was because Michelle had listened to Kayla describe her art work. Michelle had also heard Kayla's in her work.
We were silent for a minute. Then Kayla said slowly, “You know, Mommy, Michelle really did ‘see’ my picture. She just used my .”
Indeed, she uses a special type of “vision” that all mothers have.
1.A．senses B．means C．methods D．ways
2.A．enjoyed B．found C．missed D．lost
3.A．instead B．except C．since D．but
4.A．who B．it C．she D．which
5.A．guests B．family C．children D．friends
6.A．realized B．heard C．recognized D．witnessed
7.A．sad B．satisfied C．excited D．enjoyed
8.A．especially B．not so C．a little D．not at all
9.A．paint B．draw C．create D．mix
10.A．stayed B．painted C．talked D．played
11.A．excitement B．surprise C．delight D．encouragement
12.A．attitude B．color C．picture D．paper
13.A．touched B．distinguished C．saw D．understood
14.A．after B．before C．until D．when
15.A．turned out B．come up C．referred to D．talked about
16.A．curious B．quiet C．puzzled D．worried
17.A．cried B．insisted C．complained D．informed
18.A．right B．wrong C．worried D．uncertain
19.A．shortcomings B．difficulties C．pride D．description
20.A．paper B．eyes C．hands D．pens
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阅读下面短文，掌握大意，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Growing trees in the concrete jungle of Los Angels brings neighbors benefits beyond beauty．
As the 1of TreePeople, a nonprofit organization he founded in 1973, Andy, now 54, has inspired hundreds of thousands of volunteers to 2plant more than two million trees throughout Southern California．
TreePeople 3tools, blueprints, planting demonstrations, and tree-care supervisors free to all the participants, 4me．“You will need their support,” Andy said, referring to my neighbors．“5the community behind you, the trees you plant will die in five years．” So I started knocking on doors, hoping to share6I’d learnt in TreePeople’s seminar（培训班） about the critical role of trees in removing smog from the7, cooling our homes and preventing water runoff．
Strange 8it may seem, some people are afraid of trees．“The roots destroy sidewalks,” one neighbor said, “9will ruin my pipes．And I don’t want leaves．” 10told me．
When I called Andy about the11I was getting from my neighbors, he encouraged me to keep trying．So my son and my wife delivered cookies while I went door to door．It12us half a year to sign permission forms from 16 neighbors for 21 trees．
When the big day arrived, I was excited and13．What if I threw a planting tree and14else came? But as I set out shovels（铁铲）, my son and wife made cakes and doughnuts, 15started to gather．Friends brought friends．Neighbors came with cousins and grandchildren．A local middle school even 16with half the seventh grade．More than 300 people joined us．
Then Andy led us in a 17: welcoming each tree into the world and 18it name．After the ceremony, as I shook hands with volunteers and my neighbors, I19help but feel we’d accomplished 20great．After all, trees need people, and people need trees．
1.A．friend B．interviewer C．president D．volunteer
2.A．bravely B．actively C．anxiously D．generously
3.A．supports B．affords C．shows D．provides
4.A．including B．considering C．containing D．reminding
5.A．For B．Without C．With D．Except
6.A．what B．which C．that D．how
7.A．cloud B．wind C．sky D．air
8.A．while B．if C．however D．as
9.A．You B．I C．They D．It
10.A．The other B．Another C．Other D．Others
11.A．resistance B．acceptance C．agreement D．praise
12.A．spent B．paid C．took D．covered
13.A．moved B．disappointed C．surprised D．nervous
14.A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody
15.A．volunteers B．journalists C．friends D．neighbors
16.A．made up B．took up C．showed up D．cheered up
17.A．ceremony B．march C．activity D．celebration
18.A．calling B．leaving C．making D．giving
19.A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t
20.A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything
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完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
Many people argue that working can be a valuable experience for the young. However, working more than about fifteen hours a week is ________ to adolescents because it reduces their involvement with school and ________ a materialistic lifestyle.
Schoolwork and the ________ of extracurricular activities tend to go by the wayside when adolescents work long hours. As more and more teens have ________ the numerous part-time jobs, teachers have faced increasing ________ . They must both keep the________ of tired students and give homework to those who simply do not have time to do it. ________ , educators have noticed less involvement ________ the extracurricular activities that many consider a healthy influence on young people. School bands and athletic teams are ________ players to work and sports events are ________ attended by working students, Those teens who try to do it all may find themselves exhausted.
Another ________ of too much work is that it may promote materialism and a(n) ________ lifestyle. Some parents claim that working helps teach adolescents the ________ of dollar. Undoubtedly, that can be true. It is also true that some teens work to ________ with the family budget or to save for college. However, surveys have shown that the majority of working teens use their ________ to buy luxuries. These young people do not worry about spending ________ as they can just about have it all. In many cases, they are becoming ________ to a lifestyle they would not be able to afford several years down the road, when they no longer have parents ________ car insurance, food and so on. At that point they can rarely afford necessities as well as luxuries.
Teenagers can enjoy the advantages of work while ________ its disadvantages, simply by limiting their work hours during the school year. As is often the case, a moderate approach will be the most healthy and ________ .
1.A. practical B. harmful C. useful D. handy
2.A. encourages B. represents C. instructs D. changes
3.A. burdens B. benefits C. honors D. categories
4.A. hired B. shared C. lost D. filled
5.A. divisions B. difficultiesC. sorrows D. questions
6.A. demand B. examination C. attention D. character
7.A. Above all B. In addition C. On the contrary D. For instance
8.A. in B. for C. over D. about
9.A. wanting B. welcoming C. training D. losing
10.A. poorly B. actively C. regularly D. confidently
11.A. type B. level C. drawback D. element
12.A. creative B. efficient C. unrealistic D. productive
13.A. value B. purpose C. desire D. goal
14.A. turn out B. come out C. give out D. help out
15.A. efforts B. allowances C. goods D. earnings
16.A. freely B. wisely C. cheerfully D. healthily
17.A. concerned B. delighted C. accustomed D. surprised
18.A. looking for B. caring for C. working for D. paying for
19.A. avoiding B. judging C. attempting D. considering
20.A. evident B. flexible C. sharp D. rewarding
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My first memories of acts of kindness are from when I was about 12 years old．I always 1people as soon as possible with whatever they needed．
At that time, I noticed that many2people had difficulty going to the grocery store 3a snowstorm．I would spend part of a4Saturday knocking on my elderly neighbor’s apartment doors to ask if they 5anything from the store．The6was down a hill and I would bring back a couple of bags of goods for them．I liked it and it made them so7, too．
My friends asked me 8I was doing and after some time some of them 9in and it became a 10as time went by．I11asked for money for what I did, but sometimes the old ladies would 12the change in my pocket secretly．The next time I would buy some flowers or cards for them．
When I went to college, many of these people would13my mother about me, 14my mother didn’t always know who they were．It was through those 15between my mother and these people that she 16what I used to do for them — I had never told her．
I17helping others when I was 12 and it 18until today．Now, I’m a teacher and teaching my students the art of true19．At first I wrote this for my diary, but my mother said why not20it with everyone．I hope this inspires younger people and the old alike．
1.A．helped B．gave C．cared D．offered
2.A．lazy B．tired C．kind D．old
3.A．after B．before C．until D．since
4.A．fine B．snowy C．funny D．busy
5.A．got B．fetched C．needed D．took
6.A．store B．factory C．hospital D．college
7.A．sad B．happy C．strange D．young
8.A．whether B．when C．why D．what
9.A．turned B．looked C．gave D．joined
10.A．rule B．habit C．tradition D．custom
11.A．never B．usually C．always D．sometimes
12.A．put B．choose C．save D．keep
13.A．think B．ask C．guess D．find
14.A．but B．and C．so D．or
15.A．conversations B．discussion C．statements D．speeches
16.A．knew from B．thought over C．learned about D．talked about
17.A．finished B．started C．stopped D．lasted
18.A．pauses B．remains C．continues D．follows
19.A．love B．kindness C．friendship D．honesty
20.A．show B．divide C．deliver D．share
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
Hidden passengers traveling in ships, trains, or even cars can be a terrible trouble—especially when they are insects. As for this, there is a great 1between human beings and insects. The former 2every possible effort to avoid being discovered, while the latter quickly 3attention to themselves.
We can only show mercy to the 4man who had to stop his car soon after 5from a country village to drive to London. Hearing a strange noise from the 6of the car, he naturally got out to 7the wheels carefully, but he found nothing wrong, so he 8his way. Again the noise began 9and became even louder. Quickly 10his head, the man saw what appeared to be a great11cloud following the car. When he stopped at a village further on, he was told that a queen bee must be hidden in his car as there were thousands of bees 12.
On learning this, the man drove away as quickly as possible. After an hour’s 13driving, he arrived safely in London, where he parked his car outside a 14and went in. It was not long 15a customer who had seen him arrive 16in to inform him that his car was 17with bees. The poor driver was 18that the best way should be to call a 19. In a short time the man arrived. He found the unwelcome passenger hidden near the wheels at the back of the car. Very thankful to the driver for this 20gift, the bee-keeper took the queen and her thousands of followers home in a large box.
1.A. connection B. difference C. communication D. similarity
2.A. do B. take C. make D. try
3.A. give B. keep C. pay D. draw
4.A. unfortunate B. careless C. unpleasant D. hopeless
5.A. passing by B. leaving out C. setting out D. getting up
6.A. front B. back C. left D. right
7.A. clean B. change C. test D. examine
8.A. drove B. continued C. pushed D. forced
9.A. normally B. gently C. actually D. immediately
10.A. hiding B. turning C. shaking D. raising
11.A. black B. beautiful C. white D. colorful
12.A. below B. ahead C. nearby D. behind
13.A. boring B. careful C. exciting D. hard
14.A. hotel B. museum C. hospital D. school
15.A. when B. after C. until D. before
16.A. broke B. moved C. hurried D. dropped
17.A. crowded B. covered C. filled D. equipped
18.A. advised B. required C. ordered D. requested
19.A. bee-keeper B. policeman C. waiter D. repairman
20.A. unfamiliar B. unknown C. unexpected D. uncertain
similar D. common