It may seem like a moment in a science fictio...

It may seem like a moment in a science fiction movie. In a fierce battle, a creature loses an arm but, then, grows another one to take its place.

However, this is not science fiction. It is scientific fact. Some fish and amphibians, such as salamanders, can regrow lost limbs and organs.

As mammals evolved they lost the ability to regrow, or regenerate, parts of their body. However, experiments show that it may be possible to regain that ability.

Tropical freshwater zebrafish are popular pets. They are also popular as lab animals. Their embryos(胚胎) are clear, or translucent. They can regrow damaged fins, skin and hearts. Zebrafish are also genetically（基因地） similar to humans.

In 2013, the website Sci-News reported that researchers had found that 70 per cent of “protein-coding human genes” are related to genes found in the zebrafish. The report also said that researchers at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Britain also found that 84 per cent of genes known to be connected to human disease have a zebrafish counterpart.

Scientist Wang Yadong is one of the Pittsburg researchers. He and his team are studying the ability of zebrafish to regenerate limbs and organs. Wang says you can cut away about 20 per cent of the zebrafish heart and it will regenerate. He add that same process may be able to help humans.

Scientists injected（注射） an “extracellular matrix,” or ECM, from the heart of a zebrafish into a severely damaged mouse heart. They found that the heart muscle regrew in days. They found something else. The healing was even faster when the ECM was taken from zebrafish that was itself in the process of re-growing damaged tissue.

1.The main reason why the zebrafish were chosen as lab animals is that _____________ .

A. they are popular pets

B. their bodies are clear to study

C. they are genetically similar to humans

D. they are easy to find for the researchers

2.What does the underlined word “counterpart” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A. A similar thing.

B. A different fish.

C. A human being.

D. A little mouse.

3.After injecting ECM from a zebrafish into the damaged mouse heart, what did scientists find?

A. The zebrafish died quickly.

B. The mouse heart regrew in days.

C. The zebrafish heart regrew quickly.

D. The mouse healed more slowly than normal.

4.Where is the most probably taken from?

A. A science fiction.

B. A guide book.

C. A fashion magazine.

D. A science report.

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Dear Mr. Shyamalan,

According to the box office, congratulations are in order. It seems your new movie, Split, is doing gangbusters. That means millions of people all over the world have seen or will soon see your story about a man who is suffering from Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID).

As much as I'm rooting for you as an artist, Mr. Shyamalan, personally, I think you climbed to success on the overburdened backs of the mentally ill.

As a person who suffers from multiple(多面的)personalities, as well as a psychologist with professional knowledge and skills in the subject, I feel it is my duty to school you in a few facts: People who suffer from DID are not, generally speaking, scary or cheating. We are normal people who silently suffer from a painful condition in which our sense of who we are feels divided into broken parts. Our condition is often caused by a history of severe and repeated child abuse(虐待). In truth, we are victims(受害者) of unimaginable violence.

With the release of your movie, you have become my bully(恃强凌弱者). I am personally harmed by the absurd fixed image you use in Split. Your description of Kevin Crumb as one gender confused, cross-dressing multiple with a strong liking for violence has the same effect as shouting across the playground, “People with DID are dangerous nut jobs!”

I have lived for years with the shame created by movies such as yours. Despite being a successful doctor who runs a charity for adult survivors of child abuse, I live with constant anxiety that people will learn of my diagnosis(诊断). For no matter how long I’ve known someone or how highly they think of me, once they know I'm a multiple, the reaction is imaginable.

In the future, I’d appreciate it if you stopped using our pain and suffering as materials for your entertainment.

Michelle Stevens

1.What does the author think of Shyamalan’s success?

A. He was very fortunate．　　 B. He deserved it.

C. His efforts were worthwhile．　　 D. He got it in an immoral way．

2.What’s the probable cause of DID?

A. Poor living conditions.　　 B. Extreme anxiety from life.

C. Tense relations among people.　　 D. Being badly treated in childhood.

3.Who is Kevin Crumb according to the text?

A. A friend of Mr. Shyamalan’s.

B. A character in Split.

C. A patient of Michelle Stevens’s.

D. A psychologist with multiple personalities.

4.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To give the movie Split a review.

B. To show respect for people with DID.

C. To state that the movie Split hurt people with DID.

D. To argue that people with DID can make a difference.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many science fiction stories tell about explorers arriving in a new world. The explorers then use some kind of high-tech device to test for breathable air or signs of life. But here on Earth, science fiction is becoming reality through a new sampling technology called environmental DNA, or e-DNA for short. Scientists can use it to identify rare species or estimate fish populations with just a little air or water.

Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian (两栖动物) diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

1.By using e-DNA, Caren Goldberg has ________.

A.succeeded in catching many fishes.

B.found the existence of golden treefrogs.

C.documented the spread of softshell turtles.

D.proved the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho.

2.What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Robots will replace scientists soon.

B.Some scientists are against using e-DNA.

C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.

D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.

3.The passage can be sorted as a(n) ________.

A.science fiction B.experiment report

C.science report D.bio-diversity discovery

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The evidence for harmony(和谐) may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image （形象）of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.

An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious than it had ever been in the past.“We were surprised by just how positive(肯定的) today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one number of the research team.“They’re expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds：they want a car and material goods，and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s more negotiation(商议) and discussion between parents and children，and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat(捣乱).”

So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall. “I always tell them when I‘m going out clubbing. As long as they know what I’m doing， they’re fine with me.” Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years， there was a lot of what you could call negotiation. For example, as long as I’d done all my homework, could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”

Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not rooted in real facts. A researcher comments(评论),“Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth change from helping out with the family business to taking it over. ”

1.What is the popular images of the teenager today？

A．They worry about school.

B．They dislike living with their parents.

C．They have to be locked in to avoid troubles.

D．They quarrel a lot with other family members.

2.The study shows that teenagers don’t want to __________.

A．share family responsibility

B．cause trouble in their families

C．go boating with their family

D．make family decisions

3.Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today’s parents ____________.

A．go to clubs more often with their children

B．are much stricter with their children

C．care less about their children’s life

D．give their children more freedom

4.According to the writer, teenage rebellion __________.

A．may be a false belief

B．is common nowadays

C．existed only in the 1960s

D．resulted from changes in families

5.What is the passage mainly about？

A．Negotiation in family.

B．Education in family.

C．Harmony in family.

D．Teenage trouble in family.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The evidence for harmony may not be obvious in some families. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on well with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly held image of unhappy teenagers locked in their room after endless family quarrels.

An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family life is happier than it has ever been in the past. “We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families,” said one member of the research team. “They’re expected to be rebellious（叛逆的）and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There’s discussion between parents and children, and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process. They don’t want to rock the boat.”

So it seems that these parents are much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends. “My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me,” says 17-year-old Daniel LaSalle. “I always tell them when I'm going out clubbing. When they know what I'm doing, they’re fine with it.” Susan Cromer, who is now 21, agrees. “Looking back on the last 10 years, there was a lot of what you could call talk or discussion. For example, when I’d done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”

Maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not based on real facts. A researcher explains, “Teenagers were thought to be different from others in a part of time in our social history. But to our surprise, they say they are getting on well with their parents. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled.”

1.The study shows that teenagers don't want to ______________________.

A. share family duties

B. cause trouble in their families

C. go boating with their family

D. make family decisions

2.Compared with parents of 30 years ago, today’s parents ___________________.

A. go to clubs more often with their children

B. are much stricter with their children

C. care less about their children’s life

D. give their children more freedom

3.According to the writer, teenage rebellion ____________________.

A. may be a wrong opinion

B. is common at present

C. always happened in the 1960s

D. was caused by changes in families

4.Which title best gives the main idea of the passage?

A. Discussion in family

B. Teenage education in family

C. Teenage trouble in family

D. Harmony in family

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Science fiction writers often write about _______will happen in “tomorrow’s world”.

A. why　　 　　　　　　     B. that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     C. what　　 　　　　　　　 D. how

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Automated cars—once a far-off dream—have in recent years left the field of science fiction and come closer to the American garage. Leading U.S. automakers say that real self-driving cars are coming within two decades and they’re fighting to stay competitive.

These advances promise relief to people sick of two-hour driving and heavy traffic, but they leave open questions for a society shaped around the automobile for the past century. Perhaps no area is more uncertain than the environmental impact of automated vehicles. One report from the Department of Energy found that automated vehicles could reduce fuel consumption(油耗) for passenger cars by as much as 90%, or increase it by more than 200%.

That’s a huge difference considering that more than a quarter of U.S. greenhouse-gas emissions(排放) come from transportation, according to an expert. And scientists say reducing that figure will be the key to dealing with man-made climate change.

“There’s a great energy influence possible,” says Jeff Gonder, a transportation researcher. “But there remains great uncertainty in the degree and even direction.”

Depending on various factors, it remains to be seen how a future with automated cars will take shape. Most importantly, researchers expect that automated cars will lead to a sharp increase in the average miles traveled by a given vehicle. Key problems with driving a car, such as tiredness, age or drunkenness(醉酒), will disappear, and car owners will be free to travel further and more frequently. Workers may choose to live even further away from the office, deciding to sleep in the car or use that time to work out in it. And, once in the city, car owners might guide their vehicle to drive around in circles rather than pay for parking.

“A lot of the uncertainty comes from not knowing how the value of people’s time is going to change,” says Don MacKenzie, a researcher at the University of Washington. “There will be some kind of cost connected with the travel, but it’s much less than it is today.”

Researchers have tried to create a model of how humans might respond to automated driving using surveys, driving data and lab experiments, but eventually the great number of choices and assumptions involved in transportation has made reaching exact conclusions about driving behavior difficult.

Engineers say that the largely accident-free vehicles can remove safety equipment, such as antilock brakes and airbags, which has increased the weight—and fuel consumption—of vehicles. Automated cars can also travel closer together, allowing them to take advantage of aerodynamics(气体力学). Trucking fleets(车队) are already trying to take advantage of this fuel-saving measure.

1.What message can we get from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2?

A. Some automated cars have better qualities than others.

B. One automated vehicle may consume much less fuel than another.

C. We are not sure about the environmental impact of automated cars.

D. We cannot make sure of the quality of automated cars.

2.Which is not the reason for a sharp increase in the miles run by a certain self-driving car?

A. More convenient roads and fewer traffic jams.

B. Workers’ living further away from the office.

C. Choosing not to pay for parking but to drive around.

D. The disappearance of various limits on drivers.

3.The missing sentence “Besides changed driving behaviors, simple technology advances will reduce the environmental damage of automated cars” should be put at the beginning of_______.

A. Para. 5　　 B. Para. 6　　 C. Para. 7　　 D. Para. 8

4.After reading the passage, one may safely conclude that________.

A. self-driving cars need less safety equipment because of receiving little damage in accidents

B. those who have to drive a long distance to work are less likely to choose a self-driving car

C. with more safety equipment, automated cars are much heavier than traditional ones

D. traveling the same distance, a self-driving car consumes less fuel than a traditional one

5.The author writes this passage in order to ________.

A. remind us of a bright future about the future of automated cars

B. explain to us why self-driving cars might not need less fuel

C. argue that self-driving cars are beneficial to the environment

D. advise the readers not to be in a rush to buy an automated car

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

— Do you enjoy watching stand-up comedy?

—　　　　 . I prefer to watch science fiction movies.

A. Thank you　　     　     B. Yes, I do　　

C. Go ahead　　         　　 D. Not really

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

We’re surrounded by chemistry in everyday life. Sometimes it is easy to see, like when your science teacher does a big experiment in class. At other times, it can be pretty hard to see everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch or use has some element of chemistry in it.

Something as simple as toothpaste contains at least three chemicals, if not more. It is the mixture of them and its chemical reaction that keeps your teeth clean. Other things you use every day are created by chemistry, such as hair products, shampoo and soap. Adding detergent (洗涤剂) to water involves chemistry. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes or skin. Chemistry not only helps us make products for use, but it also helps us understand the world around us. Chemistry helps us understand what the ozone layer (臭氧层) is and how it protects us. Chemistry also gives us sunscreen to protect us from the sun. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach (漂白剂) can’t be mixed with vinegar(醋), because it can produce poisonous gas.Without chemistry, we wouldn’t have fireworks displays on important days.

Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is why cooked food often tastes different from raw food. Baking is a great example of chemistry. Too much or too little of any ingredient（成分，尤指烹饪） makes a difference to the result of baking, for example, the dough (面团) won’t rise or the cake will be flat.

Chemistry isn’t something that just lives in a lab; it’s something that you meet hundreds of times every day. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the science behind some of the simplest-looking things.

1.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A．Chemistry is easy to see around us.

B．Sometimes chemistry is hard to see around us.

C．How a science teacher does a big experiment.

D．Few things in everyday life contain chemistry.

2.The following actions are about chemistry EXCEPT _____.

A．cleaning teeth with toothpaste

B．washing hair with hair products

C．using soap to get the oil out of clothes

D．washing your face with water

3.The underlined word “poisonous” in Paragraph 3 means _____.

A．harmful           B．healthy           C．fresh             D．pleasant

4.Which one is TRUE according to Paragraph 4?

A．One can’t find chemistry when cooking food.

B．Chemistry plays an important part in food mak-ing.

C．That dough rises is nothing to do with chemistry.

D．A flat cake is the result of too many ingredients.

5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Chemistry Around the House

B．Chemistry in Science

C．Chemistry for Dinner

D．Chemistry in everyday life

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We're surrounded by chemistry in everyday life. Sometimes it is easy to see, like when your science teacher conducts a big experiment in class. At other times, it can be extremely hard to see everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch or use has some element of chemistry in it.

Something as simple as toothpaste contains at least three chemicals, if not more. It is the mixture of them and its chemical reaction that keeps your teeth clean. Other things you use every day are created by chemistry, such as hair products, shampoo and soap. Adding detergent (洗涤剂) to water involves chemistry. Without chemistry, we would never have realized that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes or skin.

Chemistry not only helps us make products for use, but it also helps us understand the world around us. Chemistry helps us understand what the ozone layer (臭氧层) is and how it protects us. Chemistry also gives us sunscreen to protect us from the sun. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach (漂白剂) can't be mixed with vinegar, because it can produce poisonous gas. Without chemistry, we wouldn't have had fireworks displays on important days like the Spring Festival.

Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is why cooked food often tastes different from raw (生的) food. Baking is a great example of chemistry. Too much or too little of any ingredient makes a difference to the result of baking, for example, the dough (面团) won't rise or the cake will be flat.

Chemistry isn't something that just lives in a lab; it's something that you come across hundreds of times every day. If you know how chemistry works, you will get a greater comprehension of the science behind some of the simplest­looking things.

1.What's the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A. Chemistry is easy to see around us.

B. Sometimes chemistry is hard to see around us.

C. A science teacher often does a big experiment.

D. Few things in everyday life contain chemistry.

2.The following actions are about chemistry EXCEPT ________.

A. cleaning teeth with toothpaste　　 B. washing hair with hair products

C. using soap to remove the oil from clothes　　 D. washing your face with water

3.The underlined word “poisonous” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

A. harmful　　 B. healthy　　 C. fresh　　 D. pleasant

4.Which one is TRUE according to Paragraph 4?

A. One can't find chemistry when cooking food.

B. Chemistry plays an important part in food making.

C. That dough rises is nothing to do with chemistry.

D. A flat cake is the result of too many ingredients.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析