Of these two basketball teams, the former com...

Of these two basketball teams, the former come from the USA;the___come from England.

高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov stated the Three Laws of Robotics. These laws come from the world of science fiction, but the real world is catching up. A law firm gave Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University $10 million to explore artificial intelligence. Peter Kalis, chairman of the law firm, K&L Gates, said the development of technology had led to questions that were never taken seriously before. What will happen when you make robots that are smart, independent thinkers and then try to limit their freedom?

Researcher Kalis said, “One expert said we’ll be at a point when we give an instruction to our robot to go to work in the morning and it turns around and says, ‘I’d rather go to the beach.’” He said that one day we would want laws to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.

With the law firm’s gift, the university will be able to explore problems now appearing within automated industries. “Take driverless cars for example,” Kalis said. “If there’s an accident concerned with a driverless car, what policies do we have in place? What kind of insurance policies do they have?” In fact, people can take a ride in a driverless car in Pittsburgh where an American online transportation network company uses the city as a testing ground for the company’s driverless cars.

The problems go beyond self-driving cars and robots. Think about the next generation of smartphones, those chips fixed in televisions, computers, fridges, etc., and the ever-expanding collection of personal data being stored in the “cloud”. So can Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics be used in reality? Is it necessary to have a moral guideline that everyone can understand? Whatever it is, doing no harm should be the very first one.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A.Robot should have more freedom.

B.Technology is running ahead of laws.

C.The Three Laws of Robotics are practical.

D.Peter wants to explore artificial intelligence.

2.What makes humans worry about robots?

A.Robots may be out of control.

B.Robots can do something illegal.

C.Robots can become angry easily.

D.Robots may have many requests.

3.What is the third paragraph intended to tell us?

A.It’s hard for robots to obey rules.

B.A law on robotics is really a must.

C.Driverless cars can cause accidents.

D.Driverless cars are being tested out now.

4.What should the basic law on robotics be according to the text?

A.Robots should be cautiously used in life.

B.Robots should obey Asimov’s Three Laws.

C.Robots should be easy for people to operate.

D.Robots should help with people’s life and work.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov stated the Three Laws of Robotics. These laws come from the world of science fiction, but the real world is catching up. A law firm gave Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University $10 million to explore artificial intelligence. Peter Kalis, chairman of the law firm, K&L Gates, said the development of technology had led to questions that were never taken seriously before. What will happen when you make robots that are smart, independent thinkers and then try to limit their freedom?

Researcher Kalis said, “One expert said we’ll be at a point when we give an instruction to our robot to go to work in the morning and it turns around and says, ‘I’d rather go to the beach.’” He said that one day we would want laws to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.

With the law firm’s gift, the university will be able to explore problems now appearing within automated industries. “Take driverless cars for example,” Kalis said. “If there’s an accident concerned with a driverless car, what policies do we have in place? What kind of insurance policies do they have?” In fact, people can take a ride in a driverless car in Pittsburgh where an American online transportation network company uses the city as a testing ground for the company’s driverless cars.

The problems go beyond self-driving cars and robots. Think about the next generation of smartphones, those chips fixed in televisions, computers, fridges, etc., and the ever-expanding collection of personal data being stored in the “cloud”. So can Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics be used in reality? Is it necessary to have a moral guideline that everyone can understand? Whatever it is, doing no harm should be the very first one.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. Robot should have more freedom.

B. Technology is running ahead of laws.

C. The Three Laws of Robotics are practical.

D. Peter wants to explore artificial intelligence.

2.What makes humans worry about robots?

A. Robots may be out of control.

B. Robots can do something illegal.

C. Robots can become angry easily.

D. Robots may have many requests.

3.What is the third paragraph intended to tell us?

A. It’s hard for robots to obey rules.

B. A law on robotics is really a must.

C. Driverless cars can cause accidents.

D. Driverless cars are being tested out now.

4.What should the basic law on robotics be according to the text?

A. Robots should be cautiously used in life.

B. Robots should obey Asimov’s Three Laws.

C. Robots should be easy for people to operate.

D. Robots should help with people’s life and work.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Bruce Alberts, the former President of the National Academies (USA), has now taken over as Editor-in Chief of Science. Judging by his editorial in this week’s issue Considering Science Education there could be some interesting times ahead in Science offices.

Here’s part of what Bruce has to say about science education…

I consider science education to be critically important to both science and the world, and I shall frequently deal with this topic on this page. Let’s start with a big-picture view. Science has greatly advanced our understanding of the natural world and has enabled the creation of countless medicines and useful devices. It has also led to behaviors that have improved lives. The public appreciates these practical benefits of science, and science and scientists are generally respected, even by those who are not familiar with how science works or what exactly it has discovered.

But society may less appreciate the advantage of having everyone acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that are central to practice of successful science: scientific habits of mind. These habits include a critical attitude toward established claims and a strong desire for logic and evidence. As famous astronomer Carl Sagan put it, science is our best detector (检测器). Individuals and societies clearly need a means to logically test the constant clever attempts to operate our purchasing and political decisions. They also need to challenge what is unreasonable, including the intolerance that led to so many regional and global conflicts.

So how does this relate of science education? Might it be possible to encourage, across the world, scientific habits of mind, so as to create more rational (理性的) societies everywhere? In principle, a strong expansion of science education could provide the world with such an opportunity, but only if scientists, educators, and policy-makers redefine (重新定义) the goals of science education, beginning with college-level teaching. Rather than only conveying what science has discovered about the natural world, as is done now in most countries, we should provide first all students with the knowledge and practice of how to think like a scientist.

1. Which of the following is NOT included in the “scientific habits of mind”?

A. A critical attitude toward established claims.      B. A strong desire for logic.

C. A clever and active mind.                     D. A strong desire for evidence.

2. What does the underlined phrase “such an opportunity” refer to in the last paragraph?

A. To create more rational societies everywhere.

B. To relate decision-making to science education.

C. To encourage science education around the world.

D. To set right goals of science education.

3.In Bruce Alberts’ opinion, which is the most important in science education?

A. Offering all students enough practice to drill their mind.

B. Equipping all students with a thinking model of a scientist.

C. Telling students what science has discovered about the natural world.

D. Advising all students to challenge all established scientific achievements.

4.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. Bruce Alberts, a great science educator

B. Science education and world peace

C. The government and science education

D. Bruce Alberts’ opinion on science education

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

As these goods are of different styles, the prices ___ 100 yuan to 9 yuan.

A. vary              B. come from            C. range from           D. differ

高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

I come from Santiago, the capital of Chile. There are two separate areas in Santiago. There is an area for the very rich people and there is a part for the poor people. I come from the poor side of the city. The very rich people never cross over to the poor side of the city. But sometimes the poor people save their money and cross over to visit the beach on the rich side.

Dad drove buses. He would leave for work just after 4 am. His pay depended on the number of people who rode in his bus, so he would keep driving until he had made enough money for the day. Mum worked as a barber(理发师). She did not come home until late at night. My brother, sister and I spent a lot of time with my grandparents.

Dad had lived in Australia when he was younger. He told us about the large parks covered with grass. He told us about the beaches that were close to the cities which anyone could visit. Dad thought it would be better if we moved to Australia.

We could only take things that could fit in our suitcases(手提箱). I took clothes and a few special things that reminded(使......想起) me of Chile. I took photographs, a box covered with sand from the beaches of Chile and traditional toy.

I was very sad to leave my friends and family, especially my grandmother. My grandmoter had always looked after me. I didn’t want to leave her, but Dad said that she would come and visit us in Australia one day. When I left, I cut off some of my hair so that my grandmother would remember me.

Flying to Australia was a long journey. We stopped in Argentina and New Zealand before finally reaching Australia.

1.What was the author’s life like in Santiago?

A. He led a hard life.

B. He lived in the wealthy area.

C. He always went to the beach.

D. He often visited the rich side of the city.

2.How did the author’s father’s early life in Australia affect him?

A. It caused him to move there.

B. It pushed him to go back home.

C. It made him hate his hometown.

D. It encouraged him to find a better family.

3.What can we infer from Paragraph 4 about the author?

A. He brought everything he needed to Australia.

B. He thought he wouldn’t come back.

C. He has many expensive things.

D. He loves his motherland.

4.How did the author feel about leaving for Australia?

A. He was very excited about it.

B. He was unconcerned about it.

C. He regretted his decision before leaving.

D. He was unwilling to part with his grandmother.

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

There are two basic modes of judgment: criticism and praise. The former consists of identifying a subject’s flaws; the latter of noting its worthwhile qualities.

Often, the greater intellectual challenge — as a reader, as a viewer, and as a manager — is to recognize when something is truly great.

“Managers in particular seem to have a hard time with this” said Adam Grant, the author of Originals: How Nonconformists Move the World, in a lecture at the Aspen Ideas Festival. Grant points to the work of his former student Justin M. Berg, who is now a professor of organizational behavior at Stanford University. While at college, Berg studied circus performers who were trying to make their circus world-famous. Berg asked the performers to submit videos of their works and then asked the artists themselves, circus managers, and regular audience members to evaluate them. He wanted to know, between the performers and the managers, who could predict which acts would most resonate (共鸣) with the audience members.

What Berg found is that the artists themselves were terrible judges of their own works. “On average,” Grant explained, “when they looked at 10 videos, they ranked their own videos two spots too high.” The reason, he said, is that “they’ve fallen in love with their own work.” The circus managers, however, are too negative about these works,” Grant said, “and they commit a ton of false negatives, rejecting really promising ideas.”

So why is this? Why do managers tend to find flaws, not reasons for praise? To answer that, Grant turns to the example of Seinfeld, an American sitcom (情景喜剧), which was rejected by director after director at NBC. Grant said, “You know, I realize that this show makes no sense and it’s really about nothing, and you can’t identify with any one of the characters. But it made me laugh and that’s what a sitcom is supposed to do.” The managers, by contrast, were too focused on whether Seinfeld looked like what had succeeded in the past to recognize its novel brilliancy. Years of experience had trained them to believe that a certain type of show would be successful, and prejudiced them against something that broke that mold.

But Grant says it wasn’t just experience that prevented those managers from appreciating Seinfeld. It was also that they had bad motivation. As he explained, “If you are a manager and commit a false positive, you are going to embarrass yourself, and potentially ruin your career.” Managers, he says, are terrified of committing false positives, meaning saying something will be a hit.

False negatives, by contrast, present little costs. “If you reject a great idea,” Grant said, “most of the time, no one will ever know.’’ Managers like to make safe bets and don’t mind the invisible losses.

Berg’s work was again inspiring. Berg found that there was one group whose nature did line up well with what was actually be popular with audiences: other circus artists. “They were the best forecasters by far,” said Grant. “Unlike the artists themselves, the peers could take a step back” and see a work’s flaws. But, unlike managers, the peers “were also really invested in the creative process” which enabled them to recognize when something was novel and worth the risk.

One conclusion from this would be to free managers from certain decision-making processes. But since that’s not typically possible, perhaps instead managers can be taught to think like peers, and Berg found that that can be done relatively easily. “All he did,” Grant explained, “was that he asked managers to spend five minutes brainstorming about their own ideas before they judged other people’s ideas.” “That”, Grant said, “was enough to open their minds. Because when they came in to select ideas, they were looking for reasons to say no. Get them into a brainstorming mindset first, and now they’re not thinking evaluatively but creatively.”

1.What does the underlined word “flaws” in the first paragraph mean?

A. Features.　　 B. Dangers.

C. Values.　　 D. Faults.

2.What can we learn about the works the circus performers submitted?

A. The circus performers committed false negatives towards them.

B. They couldn’t resonate with the audience members.

C. Both the circus performers and managers made prejudiced judgments about them.

D. The circus performers held the same opinion as the circus managers did about them.

3.By mentioning the sitcom Seinfeld, Grant intends to tell us ________.

A. why it has been popular among Americans

B. how an unknown play succeeded in the end

C. why managers tend to criticize rather than praise

D. how false positives make managers overlook its brilliance

4.Compared to false positives, false negatives ________.

A. can’t make more invisible losses

B. are more acceptable among managers

C. can potentially ruin managers’ careers

D. can make managers feel more embarrassed

5.According to Berg, managers are advised ________.

A. to think both evaluatively and creatively in judging an idea

B. to spend five minutes brainstorming before judging an idea

C. not to participate in certain decision-making processes

D. to reject any ideas that are not worthwhile

6.Which would be the best title for the passage?

A. The art of recognizing good ideas

B. The key factors in decision-making

C. The influence of false negatives

D. The two basic modes of judgment

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and so, to fill his time, he planned a game which he called ‘Lexico’. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it and, in time, changed its name from ‘Lexico’ to ‘Alph’ and then to ‘Criss Cross’. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn't have any real commercial success.

In 1939, Butts happened to meet a man called Jim Brunot who showed an interest in the new game. The two men worked together on developing the game and in 1948 it was offered for sale in the United States under its new name — ‘Scrabble’.

At first, it didn't sell very well. In the first year it sold just 2,250 sets and by 1951 it had only reached 8,500 sets a year.

Then, in 1952 the manager of Macy's department store in New York, Jack Strauss, happened to play ‘Scrabble’ while he was on holiday. He thought it was a wonderful game and, when he went back to work after his holiday, he insisted that Macy's should stock（储备）the game and make an effort to call the public's attention to it.

As a result, ‘scrabble’ became a big success in the United States and it soon spread to Australia and then to other English-speaking countries.

1.The text is mainly about________.

A. ‘Lexico’     B. three men     C. a word game  D. Alfred Butts

2.Alfred Butts invented the game ‘Lexico’________.

A. to make himself famous

B. to make spelling simpler

C. when he was out of work and looking for a job

D. when he was playing word games to pass the time

3. Who made ‘Scrabble’ popular?

A. Alfred Butts.                        B. Jack Strauss.

C. Alfred Butts and Jim Brunot.         D. Jack Strauss and Jim Brunot.

4.When did Alfred Butts first put his game on the market?

A. In 1939.                     B. In 1948.

C. Before 1939.                 D. Between 1939 and 1948.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Though _______ as the best player in his basketball team, he doesn’t feel proud of himself.

高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, is the author of several published reports, one of which introduced the idea in 1953 ________ aspirin could reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinning blood.

A．when            B．where            C．that              D．which

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析