124. Albert Einstein had a great _____ upon s...

124. Albert Einstein had a great _____ upon science and technology last century.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Albert Einstein, ________ life had once been very hard, was given the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921

A. of whom            B. for whom         C. for whose        D. in whom

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Published March 30, 2011）Albert Einstein’s Theory of Relativity might have a few mistakes—and Jake Barnett has set out to prove it．Between attending college classes at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) and tutoring his fellow students, Jake is also working on a new theory about the creation of the universe．He happens to be 12 years old．

From an early age, Jake showed an extraordinary interest in stars．When he was 3, his parents took him to a space observatory．He tried to learn as much as he could about astronomy．Jake’s IQ measured remarkably high at 170．

As a baby, Jake was found out with Asperser’s syndrome, a form of autism (孤独症)．Autism causes difficulties in communication and social abilities．People with autism may also have strong interests—like Jake’s interest in the stars at a young age．

The symptoms of autism can range from mild to extremely severe．Asperser’s is one of the milder forms of autism．Sometimes people with Asperser’s, like Jake, develop extremely advanced skills in science, music or art．

When Jake was in elementary school, his parents worried that the effects of his Asperser’s were worsening．He became quiet．And he was withdrawing from people．So a doctor recommended that Jake’s parents let him study more advanced subjects, like math and physics．

Jake’s mother asked an astronomy professor to let Jake sit in on his class．Now, Jake studies advanced sciences like electromagnetic physics at IUPUI．

But Jake thinks it’s important to have a normal life too．He likes to play Guitar Hero with his friends and watch science fiction movies．He also enjoys playing classical music on the piano．But for Jake, studying physics is the most important thing．Jake’s professor, John Ross, is working on getting a large sum of money for him to do research at the university．

Doctors have said Jake’s autism symptoms have lessened over time．Still, Jake proudly refers to himself as an “Aspy”, or someone with Asperser’s．In an interview with his university student newspaper, he said, “I think the autism is the reason I’m even at IUPUI．”

1.What did Jake want to do at IUPUI?

A． Get a degree in astronomy．

B． Put forward his own theory in physics．

C． Become an Albert Einstein in the future．

D． Teach his fellow students Theory of Relativity．

2.Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to Jake?

a． He set out to disprove Einstein’s theory．

b． He began to study math and physics．

d． He was found out with a mild form of autism．

A． b-d-c-a

B． d-b-c-a

C． b-a-c-d

D． d-c-b-a

3.The underlined sentence in the passage means ______．

A． he was unable to help others

B． he was impolite to other people

C． he was afraid of seeing other people

D． he was only concerned about learning

4.In the eyes of Jake, autism is something ______．

A． not worth worrying about

B． annoying

C． not necessary to know about

D． embarrassing

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

What do Leonardo da Vincii, Marie Curie, and Albert Einstein have in common? They were all left-handed, along with other famous people including Brad Pitt Prince William, and Barack Obama. In fact, an estimated 13 percent of the world's population may be left-handed and still most people around the world are right-handed.

What makes a person become right-handed rather than left-handed? As yet no one really knows for sure. One simple idea suggests that people normally get right-handedness from their parents. Studies have found that two right-handed parents have only a 9.5 percent chance of having a left-handed child, whereas two left-handed parents have a 26 percent chance of having a left-handed child. Another common theory is that left-handed people suffer mild brain damage during birth, which makes them left-handed. However, if this theory were true, it would not explain why the percentage of left-banded people is so similar in every society, when birth conditions vary so much from society to society.

Whatever the reasons behind it, people's attitudes toward left-handedness have changed a lot over the years. Statistics show that although 13 percent of young people (10-20 years old) are left-handed, only 6 percent of the elderly are left-handed. Left-handed children used to be punished until they began using their right hand like other children, but today people who are left-handed are no longer looked down on nor are they considered abnormal. For most people today, either case is perfectly acceptable.

1.What makes one right-handed?

A. The environment.

B. Mild brain damage during birth.

C. The reason is uncertain.

D. Other people.

2.Why is the number of young people who are left-handed bigger than that of the elderly?

A. Because the elderly are forced to become right-handed.

B. Because left-handed people are considered abnormal.

C. Because left-handedness can be cured.

D. Because the young are easily damaged.

3.What does the text mainly talk about?

A. Left-handed people are looked down upon.

B. General facts about left-handed people.

C. Some famous left-handed people.

D. The reasons why people are left-handed.

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Elbert Einstein, for _____ life had once been very hard, was successful later in science.

A. his            B. whose            C. which            D. whom

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Public distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology, between discovery and manufacture. Most governments, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future. Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines “our scientists” have invented, the new drugs to relieve old disorders, and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously unmanageable conditions may now be treated and lives saved. At the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to “economics needs”, and that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are “near the market” and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time. Dependent, as they are, on politicians for much of their funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. Like the rest of us, they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good. Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit.

In such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest. When we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment. Even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people may still distrust him because of his association with those who do, or at least wonder about the source of some of his research funding.

This attitude can have damaging effects. It questions the integrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing them as corruptible. This makes it easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements, but especially those made by the scientists who present themselves as “experts”. The scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuclear reactor, for example, is a nuclear engineer, and a nuclear engineer is most likely to be employed by the nuclear industry. If a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe, we believe him, because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it. If he tells us it is safe, on the other hand, we distrust him, because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.

1.What is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?

A. The reduction of public expenditure.　　 B. Quick economic returns.

C. The budget for a research project.　　 D. Support from the voters.

2.Why won’t scientists complain about the government’s policy concerning scientific research?

A. They know it takes patience to win support from the public.

B. They realize they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.

C. They think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.

D. They are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.

3.According to the author, people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because ______.

A. some of them do not give priority to intellectual honesty

B. sometimes they hide the source of their research funding

C. they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned

D. their pronouncements often turn out to be wrong

4.Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?

A. Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.

B. People will not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.

C. It makes things difficult for scientists to seek research funds.

D. It may wear out the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Agriculturalists are very popular with the farmers as they are________ agricultural science and technology.

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Albert Einstein was an extraordinary physicist, but no artist. Pablo Picasso could paint anything, but he had no talent for science. Lionel Messi is great at soccer, but nobody talks about his singing ability.

This specialization of talent may seem normal, but it may be a modern phenomenon. In English, we have a term for people with broad knowledge and skills: “Renaissance man (or woman)”. It refers to the European Renaissance, a time when it became common to study a wide range of subjects. This led to complex works of art, invention and philosophy that transformed European culture.

The classic Renaissance man was undoubtedly Leonardo da Vinci, who died 500 years ago. Even today, he is regarded as one of the great creative minds of the Italian Renaissance. “He was hugely influential as an artist and sculptor but also greatly talented as an engineer, scientist and inventor,” says the BBC.

At 14, Da Vinci became an apprentice (学徒) of the popular sculptor and goldsmith Andrea del Verrocchio. Young Leonardo learned how to draw and paint in his workshop, but he was also introduced to chemistry, metallurgy and carpentry. He acquired so many skills that it became natural for him to try new things. The man who would design a flying machine and a military tank set his life course during these early years.

It is interesting to note that his skills as a draftsman (画师) were important in both his artistic and his scientific activities. For instance, he made marvelously detailed drawings of moving water, but not really for artistic reasons. As The Conversation notes, Da Vinci wanted to learn about moving water so he could benefit people. For this purpose, he eventually drew up plans for canals.

Da Vinci was also fascinated by anatomy (解剖学). He dissected (切开) bodies and drew detailed pictures of what he saw. These drawings anticipated the future of scientific medicine.

Apart from his scientific drawings, Da Vinci had a genius for painting lifelike images of people. Even today, this ability stands out in works like the Mona Lisa (1503). With her famous smile, we recognize her as a flesh-and-blood human like ourselves.

The best epitaph (碑文) for Da Vinci may be his own words:”Learning never exhausts the mind.” His numerous projects over 67 years make it clear that his mind was never exhausted. Five centuries after his death, his life and work inspire would-be Renaissance men and women everywhere.

1.“Renaissance man” is mentioned mainly to____.

A.show that people in the past were less talented

B.compare the great minds of the Renaissance

C.introduce Da Vinci as a representative

D.show how Da Vinci created the world

2.What do we know about Da Vinci?

A.He learned anatomy in his childhood.

B.He designed a military tank in his later years.

C.He invented 67 things in his lifetime.

D.His drawings were both artistic and scientific.

3.Which of the following best describes Da Vinci?

A.Hardworking and humorous.

B.Knowledgeable and creative.

C.Imaginative and easygoing.

D.Open-minded and generous.

4.How would the author probably describe Da Vinci’s painting style?

A.Realistic. B.Mysterious. C.Abstract. D.Modern.

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.

We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.

Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.

His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.

Einstein's idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.

"If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you're at sea level and that's because the pressure is much lower up there," said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. "If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so," says McCulloch. "That's what makes it cold."

The gas fridges based on Einstein's design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein's design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.

However, McCulloch's fridge is still in its early stages. "It's very much a prototype," he said. "Give us another month and we'll have it working."

1. According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.

A．has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently

B．is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity

C．has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly

D．will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.

B．Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.

C．McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein's design by using other types of vapors.

D．The fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.

3.We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.

A．changed the air pressure around it

B．was tested on the top of Mount Everest

C．increased the liquid boiling temperature

D．used only pressurized gases to keep things cold

4.McCulloch's words in Paragraph 6 _____.

A．serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein's fridge

B．give you the reason why Einstein's fridge was not efficient

C．tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure

D．show you how Einstein's fridge works

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation), 按要求写一篇短文。

Imagination is more important than knowledge. ——Albert Einstein

内容要求：

1. 你对该引语的理解；

2. 相关的例子；

3. 恰当的结尾。

注意：

1. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数；

2. 文中不能出现考生的具体信息；

3. 词数120左右。

高三英语书面表达中等难度题查看答案及解析