(5)阅读理解
Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here’s where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles — making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles — so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren’t fooled — they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they’re more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
1.Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate .
A.children’s and adults’ eye-sight
B.people’s ability to see accurately
C.children’s and adults’ brains
D.the influence of people’s age
2.When asked to find the larger circle, .
A.children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around
B.only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around
C.children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around
D.adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
3.According to the passage, we can know that .
A.a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background
B.an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C.a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D.a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
4.Visual context may work when children get older than .
A.4 B.6 C.10 D.18
5.Why are younger children not fooled?
A.Because they are smarter than older children and adults.
B.Because older people are influenced by their experience.
C.Because people’s eyes become weaker as they grow older.
D.Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
高三英语阅读理解简单题
(5)阅读理解
Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.
Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.
The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.
Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here’s where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles — making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles — so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.
When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren’t fooled — they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.
As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they’re more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.
1.Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate .
A.children’s and adults’ eye-sight
B.people’s ability to see accurately
C.children’s and adults’ brains
D.the influence of people’s age
2.When asked to find the larger circle, .
A.children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around
B.only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around
C.children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around
D.adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around
3.According to the passage, we can know that .
A.a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background
B.an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size
C.a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size
D.a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size
4.Visual context may work when children get older than .
A.4 B.6 C.10 D.18
5.Why are younger children not fooled?
A.Because they are smarter than older children and adults.
B.Because older people are influenced by their experience.
C.Because people’s eyes become weaker as they grow older.
D.Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if you' re barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球)saw high temperatures in July.
The Arctic Circle was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃ at this time of the year.
The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect (极地放大效应).
The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13.2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.
This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.
Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3.2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu(图瓦鲁) in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives(马尔代夫) in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.
1.Which of the following is true?
A.Some countries in the ocean will disappear in 10 years.
B.China is the hottest in the northern hemisphere this summer.
C.The world gets warmer because of the heat wave in the Arctic.
D.The temperatures in Norilsk used to be lower than this summer.
2.What does the underlined word "this" in the third paragraph refer to?
A.The heat wave in the Arctic.
B.The result of global warming.
C.The Arctic getting warm faster.
D.Getting warmer in the world.
3.What may be the result of the melting of Arctic ice?
A.The polar will become dangerous.
B.There will be an end of water shortage.
C.Sea levels rise in the long term.
D.There will be no ice in the world by 2040.
4.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Heat hits Arctic.
B.Arctic animals are in danger.
C.The world became hotter than before.
D.Some countries may disappear into the sea.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
You can’t see it with your own eyes,but your smart-phone is likely to be covered with bacteria- perhaps even more so than your toilet seat. That's a lot of dangerous microbes(微生物)floating around, and yes, it is terribly dirty.
In this age of global travel and trade, it’s more important than ever to cut down on possible routes of infection and to stop bacteria and viruses spreading from person to person. Part of that means making sure your phone isn’t sending anything more than data.
And besides the potential health risks of a dirty phone, there's also the simple annoyance of looking at a screen that’s covered in fingerprints and other oily spots that are part of life with a smart-phone.
In short, you’ve got plenty of reasons to regularly give your phone a thorough clean. Not just during a pandemic(大流行病),either-we should be thinking about keeping our phones bacteria free all the time, says microbiologist Paul Turner, a professor at Yale University.
After all, we touch our phones all the time and many of us are relatively careless about cleaning them. “It sets the stage for kind of concern,” Turner says. “People could be handling phones and picking up any bacteria or virus that can attach to a surface and survive for a period of time.”
Take SARS-CoV-2, the corona- virus(冠状病毒)that causes the COVID-19, for example. Scientists are still trying to get solid evidence, but early research suggests that it can survive on plastic or stainless steel(不锈钢)surfaces for two or three days. That means you could be washing your hands perfectly well, but immediately picking the virus up again as soon as you reach for your phone.
You could be doing everything right(like washing your hands and staying away from people),but
if there’s a contaminated surface in your home or your pocket, you could expose yourself to the virus anyway, Turner says.
1.Why does the author mention the toilet seat?
A.To draw a vivid picture of a dirty phone.
B.To show how dirty a toilet seat is.
C.To add some background information.
D.To introduce a topic for discussion.
2.What can we learn in Paragraph 6?
A.Simply washing our hands is not enough.
B.Scientists have got solid evidence of the COVID-19.
C.The corona-virus can survive on smooth surfaces for 2 or 3 weeks.
D.The author suggests washing our hands before using our phones.
3.What do the underlined words “contaminated surface” refer to in the last paragraph?
A.A stainless steel. B.A deadly virus.
C.A clean phone. D.An infectious phone.
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A.You may get infected with your dirty phone.
B.You are supposed to wash your hands.
C.You’d better clean your dirty phone.
D.You’d better throw away your dirty phone.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
—Forgotten something?I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.
—________ Thank you all the same. (2013·重庆,35)
A.It’s very kind of you.
B.Oh,how careless of me!
C.I might as well go and get it.
D.Well,I can do without it.
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Where you choose to stay can make or break your vacation experience.But even the most experienced travelers may not know the difference between the two main types of homes-away-from-home—hotels and motels. 1. The answer isn’t as simple as you’d think.
These two types of lodging(住宿)have the same basic purpose—a place for travelers to sleep.2. For instance,they came to be for different reasons,and at very different times.
The word“hotel”dates back to the 1600s and comes from a French word,hôtel.That word,just like the English one.referred to a place that provides lodging,meals,entertainment,and other services to travelers. 3. This word dates back to the 1920s and combines the words“hotel”and“motor.”As America’s major highway system developed,so did motels,filling the need for roadside stops for motorists traveling cross-country.
4. Hotels tend to be built for longer stays,while motels are intended more for one-or two-night stops along a journey.Because of this,hotels are much more likely to have offerings like lounges,gyms,and entertainment.
5. Want the place you stay to be just as much a part of your travel experience as anything else? Choose a hotel,Just need a place to pop in and out of to shower and sleep? A motel might be the better choice.
A.There are many secrets that hotels won’t tell you.
B.But there are plenty of features that set them apart.
C.Have you ever stayed in a motel on your vacation?
D.Motels,on the other hand,are a much more recent lodging option.
E.Besides their first letters,is there any real difference between them?
F.So,in the end,it comes down to what you want from your trip and from your lodging.
G.There are also other differences that can help you figure out which type of place you’re in.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
You can relax if remembering everything is not your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strength—in fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.
Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers Paul Frankland and Blake Richards of the University of Toronto found that the neurobiology(神经生物学) of forgetting can be just as important to our decisionmaking as what our minds choose to remember.
“The goal of memory is not the transmission of information through time. Rather, the goal of memory is to help improve decisionmaking. As such, transience(转瞬即逝) is as important as persistence in memory systems,” their study in Neuron states.
Making intelligent decisions does not mean you need to have all the information at hand, it just means you need to hold onto the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most uptodate information on situations. Our brains do this by generating new neurons(神经元) in our hippocampus(海马体), which have the power to overwrite existing memories that are influencing our decisionmaking.
“If you're trying to deal with the situation and your brain is constantly bringing up multiple conflicting memories, that makes it harder for you to make a wise decision,” Richards told Science Daily.
If you want to increase the number of new neurons in your brain's learning region, try exercising. Moderate aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking, and swimming have been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.
When we forget the names of certain clients and details about old jobs, our brain is making a choice that these details do not matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause for concern, the occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facilitate decisionmaking by stopping us from focusing too much on minor past details. Instead, the brain promotes generalization, helping us remember the most important gist of a conversation.
“One of the things that distinguishes an environment where you're going to want to remember stuff versus an environment where you want to forget stuff is this question of how consistent the environment is and how likely things are to come back into your life,” Richards said.
If you're an analyst who meets with a client weekly, your brain will recognize that this is a client whose name and story you need to remember. If this is someone you may never meet again, your brain will weigh that information accordingly.
These findings show us that total recall can be overrated. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.
Title:Being Forgetful Might Actually Mean You're 1.
Introduction | Recent research proves that being forgetful can be a strength, for forgetting and selective memory are of 2.importance in our decisionmaking. | |
The goal of memory | People take advantage of memory to make good decisions rather than 3. information. | |
4. of being forgetful | It helps us forget outdated information. | ●Making wise decisions involves the existing memories making 5.for the latest information. ●Meanwhile, too much contradictory information in memory can do harm to our decisionmaking. ●Exercising helps increase neurons, contributing to our 6. decisionmaking. |
It helps us see the big 7.. | ●After 8.the information it gets, the brain chooses to focus on the key points, occasionally forgetting unimportant past details. ●Whether to remember or forget particular stuff is 9.by the degree of the consistency of the environment and the 10. of things reappearing later in life. | |
Conclusion | Our brains are working smarter when aiming to remember the right stories, not every story. |
高三英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析
A little battery puts out a little bit of electricity, so you can use it safely for your experiments. But the electricity that comes through the wires in your house or school is much more powerful.1..
Inside the walls where you live or study, there are big wires that carry electricity. When you plug in a light or radio or other electrical appliance, you are putting the light or radio in the path way of the electricity. You have heard adults say, “Don’t stick your finger into the wall plug.” Now do you know why?2.Your body is a pretty good conductor of electricity. The electrical current coming through the wires to the wall plug is so strong that it would hurt a lot if you stuck your finger in the plug.
Think: Why should you never put your fingers into the socket(插座)where the light bulb is fixed into a lamp?3.Put your finger in there and it could be you, rather than the light bulb, that becomes part of the electrical path way. And that would hurt!
What if you held a piece of metal, like a fork or knife, and stuck it into the wall plug?Don’t do it!Why?It’s because metals conduct electricity. And you would get a terrible shock!
4.Can you think why?It’s because water is a good conductor of electricity. When your hands are wet or when your body is in a bathtub full of water, the electricity could flow right through you and give you an awful shock, or even kill you.
Electricity is very useful, but it can be dangerous. Be careful, be safe and be smart.5..
A.Let electricity help you, not hurt you.
B.Keep yourself away from the electricity.
C.Therefore, you need to remember some safety rules.
D.Don’t touch any electrical appliance when you are wet.
E.Make your home as safe as possible for kids with these tips.
F.If you did, you would become part of the electrical path way.
G.That’s the place where the electricity flows into the light bulb.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
A little battery puts out a little bit of electricity, so you can use it safely for your experiments. But the electricity that comes through the wires in your house or school is much more powerful. 1. .
Inside the walls where you live or study, there are big wires that carry electricity. When you plug in a light or radio or other electrical appliance, you are putting the light or radio in the path way of the electricity. You have heard adults warn, “ 2.,‘ Now do you know why? If you did, you would become part of the electrical path way.
3. The electrical current coming through the wires to the wall plug is so strong that it would hurt a lot if you stuck your finger in the plug. Put your finger in there and it could be you, rather than the light bulb, that becomes part of the electrical path way. And that would hurt!
What if you held a piece of metal, like a fork or knife, and stuck it into the wall plug? Don't do it. Why? It's because metals also conduct electricity. 4.
Don't touch any electrical appliance when you are wet. Can you think why? It's because water is a good conductor of electricity. When your hands are wet or when your body is in a bathtub full of water, the electricity could flow right through you and give you an awful shock, or even kill you.
Electricity is very useful, but it can be dangerous. 5.If so, electricity can better serve you, instead of hurting you.
A.Life is precious!
B.So stay away from wires.
C.Be careful, be safe and be smart.
D.And you would get a terrible shock!
E.Don't stick your finger into the wall plug.
F.Therefore, keep in mind some safety rules.
G.Your body is a pretty good conductor of electricity.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
Do you believe that blood types can determine your personality? People in Japan take blood types very seriously, according to a recent BBC report. They have big implications for life, work and love. “What’s your blood type?” is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to job applications.
Last year, four of Japan’s top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality, selling more than 5 million copies altogether. Why is it such a popular belief that they determine one’s character? Taku Kabeya, chief editor, the publisher of one of the books, told The Huffington Post that he thought the appeal of these books comes from having one’s self-image confirmed. Readers discover the definition of their blood type and “It’s like ‘Yes, that’s me!’” A popular reason often given about the craze is that in a relatively homogenous (一致) society, it provides a simple framework to divide people up into easily recognizable groups. “Being the same is considered a good thing here in Japanese society,” translator Chie Kobayashi told the BBC. “But we enjoy finding little differences that distinguish people.”
As defined by the books, type As are sensitive perfectionists and good team players, but they tend to be over-anxious. Type Os are curious and generous but stubborn, while ABs are artistic but also mysterious and unpredictable. Type Bs are cheerful, but have eccentric (怪癖的), individualistic and selfish traits (特点).
The beliefs surrounding blood groups have been used in unusual ways. The women’s softball team that won gold for Japan at the Beijing Olympics is reported to have used blood type theories to design training for each player. Major companies reportedly make decisions about assignments based on employees’ blood types, for example, in 1990 the Asahi Daily newspaper reported that Mitsubishi Electronics (日本三菱电器) had announced the creation of a team made up entirely of A workers.
1.What is the popular belief in Japan according to the passage?
A.Being the same is considered a good thing.
B.Blood types can determine personality.
C.Happy marriage is based on personality.
D.It is fashionable to buy top 10 best-sellers.
2.What does the underlined word craze in the second paragraph probably mean?
A.Fashion. B.Behavior.
C.Attraction. D.Habit.
3.Why did Mitsubishi Electronics hire so many workers with blood type A?
A.Because they are mysterious artistic and unpredictable.
B.Because they are perfectionists, good team players.
C.Because they are curious and generous but stubborn.
D.Because they are cheerful, but have eccentric traits.
4.This passage is likely to be selected from a book of ________.
A.medicine B.teamwork
C.geography D.culture
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
I believe you can do your best. Not being the best but toughing the limits of what you’re capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and loved person in my life.
Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to eight-year-olds didn’t mean he had to sacrifice proper statements or grammars. And he was demanding but he wasn’t unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it.
As luck would have it, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I don’t know the answer,” I would say, “I can’t do it!” “Perhaps you don’t know the answer,” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do until you try?”
Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden. I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough.
“Don’t be so hard on yourself,” he’d say. “Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well, then you’re not a failure,” he often told me these words.
Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry. But when I think about him now, I don’t feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others, but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me about honor, about truth, and about doing my best—and that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, this I believe: We can’t all be “the best”, but we can, each of us, be our best, and I know that’s true because Mr. Myrus told me that.
1.What can we know about Mr. Myrus according to the passage?
A. He usually treats his students in a hard way.
B. He is responsible for his teaching and students.
C. He is a person who isn’t particular about what he wears.
D. He sometimes is cruel and unreasonable to his students.
2.The author thought he was a lucky dog because ________.
A. he had got a great belief from his teacher
B. Mr. Myrus had taught him for eight years
C. Mr. Myrus became his teacher a second time
D. he developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus
3.It can be concluded from the third paragraph that ________.
A. the author preferred other subjects to math
B. Mr. Myrus thought it was very easy to learn math
C. the author was ashamed to admit his math was poor
D. Mr. Myrus helped the author build up his confidence
4.What can we learn by reading the passage?
A. The author hoped to live a positive life.
B. The author may have become a teacher.
C. The author liked to recall his childhood.
D. The author ended up being a man of self-confidence.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析