Women, as all research suggests, are far more critical of their appearance than men. Most of them are likely to feel dissatisfied with their reflection in the mirror.
It is quite possible that men looking in the mirror are either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women---if anything, they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness. Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
Why are women so much more self-critical than men? Because women are judged more on their appearance than men, and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible. Women are continually bombarded (轰炸) with images of the “ideal” face. And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV, magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly. It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
Also, most women trying to achieve the impossible standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century. In 1917, the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone. Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average women, now they weigh 23% less. The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population---and that’s just in terms of weight and size. If you want the ideal shape, face etc., it’s probably more like 1%.
1.The passage is mainly to _____________.
A.compare different views on beauty between women and men
B.tell us that standards of female beauty are very high
C.explain why women are more critical of their appearance than men
D.show us that women pay more attention to their appearance than men
2.Which of the following is NOT the reason why women are more critical of their appearance?
A.People pay more attention to their appearance than men’s.
B.The criterion (标准;准则) used to judge women’s beauty is more critical and less changeable.
C.Idealized images of female beauty are constantly shown in different media.
D.Women tend to pursue perfection by nature.
3.Which statement is true about men?
A.Few men will feel pleased when they are looking themselves in the mirror.
B.Men looking in the mirror usually ignore the flaws in their appearance.
C.It is likely that men will consider themselves more attractive than they really are.
D.Men don’t care about their body image.
4.Nowadays, if an average woman weighs 110 pounds, then a physically perfect woman should weigh about _________.
A.85 pounds B.101 pounds C.90 pounds D.135 pounds
5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Most women try to achieve the standards of beauty.
B.The standards of female beauty. in the past were more easily achieved than today.
C.Women are more unrealistic in their pursuit of beauty than men.
D.Less than 5% of the female population can achieve the current media ideal for women.
高二英语阅读理解困难题
Women, as all research suggests, are far more critical of their appearance than men. Most of them are likely to feel dissatisfied with their reflection in the mirror.
It is quite possible that men looking in the mirror are either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women---if anything, they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness. Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
Why are women so much more self-critical than men? Because women are judged more on their appearance than men, and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible. Women are continually bombarded (轰炸) with images of the “ideal” face. And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV, magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly. It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
Also, most women trying to achieve the impossible standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century. In 1917, the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone. Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average women, now they weigh 23% less. The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population---and that’s just in terms of weight and size. If you want the ideal shape, face etc., it’s probably more like 1%.
1.The passage is mainly to _____________.
A.compare different views on beauty between women and men
B.tell us that standards of female beauty are very high
C.explain why women are more critical of their appearance than men
D.show us that women pay more attention to their appearance than men
2.Which of the following is NOT the reason why women are more critical of their appearance?
A.People pay more attention to their appearance than men’s.
B.The criterion (标准;准则) used to judge women’s beauty is more critical and less changeable.
C.Idealized images of female beauty are constantly shown in different media.
D.Women tend to pursue perfection by nature.
3.Which statement is true about men?
A.Few men will feel pleased when they are looking themselves in the mirror.
B.Men looking in the mirror usually ignore the flaws in their appearance.
C.It is likely that men will consider themselves more attractive than they really are.
D.Men don’t care about their body image.
4.Nowadays, if an average woman weighs 110 pounds, then a physically perfect woman should weigh about _________.
A.85 pounds B.101 pounds C.90 pounds D.135 pounds
5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Most women try to achieve the standards of beauty.
B.The standards of female beauty. in the past were more easily achieved than today.
C.Women are more unrealistic in their pursuit of beauty than men.
D.Less than 5% of the female population can achieve the current media ideal for women.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Women are friendly.But men are more competitive.Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素).Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.
"Women tend to be social in their behavior.They often share with others.But men lend to be competitive.They are trying to improve their social status," said Professor Ryan.
Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.
But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.
Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.
Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.Half of the participants(参与者)received oxytocin.The other half received placebo (安慰剂).
After a week, the two groups switched with participants.They went through the same procedure with the other material.
Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions.Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions.The questions were about telling friendship from competition.And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.
The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.
Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions.And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal."
1.What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?
A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin.
C. The gesture. D. The social status.
2.What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?
A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.
B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.
C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.
D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.
3.Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?
A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.
B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.
C. To know people's different abilities to answer questions.
D. To test people's understanding of body language.
4.The author develops the text by______.
A. explaining people's behaviors
B. describing his own experiences
C. distinguishing sexual differences
D. discussing research experiments
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons,research suggests.They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts,and display higher levels of concentration.
Professor Anne Bamford,of the University of the Arts,London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries,including the UK.Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks,improving test scores by an average of 1 7 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons.They gave more detailed answer to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime(模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.
The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding,increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.
Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film.Schools would need 3D—enabled projectors(投影仪),laptops with good picture capabilities,3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations(动作) into classrooms.
But Danny Nicholson,an educationist,said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly.He said,“While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick(小玩意儿).There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help,but most of the time,good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective.”
In the US,one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1.000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms.And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils.Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.
1.What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?
A.There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images.
B.Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes.
C.Schools have difficulties in making full use of 3D technology.
D.3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology.
2.Danny Nicholson holds the view that 3D_____.
A.is of no help in classes
B.has a bright future in classes
C.is more practical than 2D models
D.may not be affordable for schools
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.
B.Many pupils are now more Interested In science than before.
C.Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.
D.3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado.
4.The underlined word “engrossed” in the last paragraph means_____.
A.absorbed B.annoyed C.relaxed D. Confused
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers have found more evidence that suggests a relationship between races and rates of lung cancer among smokers. A new study shows that black people and Native Hawaiians are more likely to develop lung cancer from smoking. It compared their risk to whites, Japanese-Americans and Latinos.
Researchers at the University of Southern California and the University of Hawaii did the new study. The New England Journal of Medicine published the findings. The eight-year research studied more than 180,000 people. They included present and former smokers and people who never smoked. Almost 2,000 people in the study developed lung cancer.
Researchers say genetics might help explain the racial and ethnic differences. There could be differences in how people's bodies react to smoke. But environmental influences, including the way people smoke, could also make a difference.
African-Americans and Latinos in the study are reported smoking the fewest cigarettes per day. Whites are the heaviest smokers. But the scientists point out that blacks have been reported to breathe cigarette smoke more deeply than white smokers. This could fill their lungs with more of the chemicals in tobacco that cause cancer.
Scientists know that some diseases effect different groups differently. And some drug companies have begun to develop racially targeted medicines. Last June, the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a drug designed to treat heart failure in black patients. The name is BiDil. The agency called it "a step toward the promise of personalized medicine."
1.Which of the following orders is from higher to lower risk of having lung cancer?
A.Whites—Native Hawaiians
B.Africans—Americans—Latinos
C.Asians—Native Hawaiians
D.Africans—Americans—Native Hawaiians
2.Researchers agree that it is _____ that may probably determine black people’s risk of lung cancer.
A.the larger amount of smoking than white people
B.the living style or habit of the blacks
C.the depth of cigarette smoke into their lungs
D.the physical strength to react to cigarette smoke
3.People in the new study are made up of _____.
A.heavy smokers in America B.the black and white people
C.the Asians and Hawaiians D.smokers and non-smokers
4.The production of BiDil referred to in the last paragraph is to _____.
A.explain different races react to some diseases differently
B.tell the readers that racial differences exist in smokers
C.show a big step people have taken in the medicine area
D.support the idea that it is easy for blacks to have cancers
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Whatever our differences as human beings are, we all think we’re more like the rest of the animal world than we realize. It is said that we share 40 per cent of our genetic(遗传的)structure with the simple worm.
But that fact has helped Sir John Sulston win the 2002 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Sir John is the founder of the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, which was set up in 1992 to get further understanding of the human genome(染色体组).
To help them do this, they turned to the worm. The nematode(线虫类的)worm is one of the earliest creatures on planet earth. It is less than one millimeter long, completely transparent and spends its entire life digging holes through sand. But it still has lots to say about human life, and what can be done to make it better.
What the worm told Sir John and his colleagues was that each of cells in the human body is programmed like a computer. They grow, develop and die according to a set of instructions that are coded in our genetic make-up.
Many of the diseases that humans suffer from happen when these instructions go wrong or are not obeyed. When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer. Heart attacks and diseases like AIDS cause more cell deaths than normal, increasing the damage they do to the body. Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.
1.Sir John Sulston got a Nobel Prize for Medicine because he has .
A.found that human beings are similar to the worm
B.got the fact we share 40 per cent of our genetic structure with the simple worm
C.found the computer which controls each of the cells in the human body
D.proved that cell death is programmed
2.People might be seriously ill if the cells in their body .
A.grow without being instructed
B.die regularly
C.fail to follow people’s instructions
D.develop in the human body
3.The underlined word “they” (paragraph 5) refers to .
A.cell deaths B.diseases C.instructions D.cells
4.What is the subject discussed in the text?
A.The theory of programmed cell deaths.
B.A great scientist—Sir John Sulston.
C.The programmed human life.
D.Dangerous diseases.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A new research shows that in Britain more and more people are returning to the old tradition that the whole family have a meal at table. Worrying about the obesity and breakdown of a family, people change their eating habits so greatly, according to analysis. They find the number of the family having a meal together increases by 5% from 2002 to 2004, and most people who have meals with their family come from the rich social class.
The new discovery makes doctors and the people struggling against obesity extremely excited. Giving up the tradition that the whole family have a meal together is exactly one of the reasons for a series of problems including children’s overweight. If a child has a meal in front of the television or the computer alone, he will often eat some fast food.
Jason Collins is one of the persons returning to the old tradition. Collins is a manager of a bake(烘面包) house. He finds after he gets used to having a meal at home with his child, the child becomes much more obedient(听话的). Dr. Jin is a child psychologist, and she expresses welcome to this result of the study. She says it can make parents have a very good chance to chat with the child when the whole family have a meal together.
1. What makes people change their eating habit back to the old tradition in Britain?
A.Worrying about their children. | B.Worrying about some social problems. |
C.Worrying about the living expense. | D.Worrying about health and family problems. |
2. We can infer from the passage that _______.
A.people’s eating habit has much effect on their family |
B.most rich people have meals with their family |
C.most children have the problem of overweight |
D.most children don’t like having dinner with the parents |
3. How do the people who hope to lose weight feel about the new discovery?
A.They feel glad. | B.They feel surprised. |
C.They feel sorry. | D.They feel disappointed. |
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The child having dinner with his parents doesn’t like watching TV. |
B.Children become overweight all because of having dinner alone. |
C.The family having dinner together is more united and friendly. |
D.The reason a child has dinner alone is that he likes fast food. |
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
As scientific meetings are canceled worldwide, researchers are rethinking how they network a move that should have done earlier. “At some point, we need to be having conversations about ‘What is the point of a conference now? says Sarah Horst, a planetary scientist.
Meeting spaces that are inaccessible to some disabled scientists, health considerations, a lack of access to childcare and travel restrictions can all encl up alienating potential attendees from physical conferences. There’s a large appetite” for alternative conference set-ups, says Divya Persaud, a planetary scientist. She and Eleanor Armstrong, a UCL sociologist of space science, have a grant from their university to hold an experimental virtual conference, called Space Science in Context, in May. The conference aims to improve accessibility. Participants will watch recorded talks ahead of time and then join in online conversations on the day of the conference. Persaud says that the response to plans for the meeting, which launched its save-the-date website last week, has been overwhelmingly positive. But she also points out that many of the adjustments that conferences are making, such as introducing virtual participation, are accommodations for which disabled scientists have been demanding loudly for years, and it’s a shame that it took a global health crisis to make them happen.
Still, as conference organizers are finding out, making these changes, especially on short notice, is no easy thing. The European Geophysical Union (EGU) general conference is scheduled for 3---8 May in Vienna, and session leaders are making other plans in case it is canceled. Those intending to participate in the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference this week in The Woodlands, Texas, found that they are trying to come up with alternative solutions when that conference was canceled on 4 March. Most of the responses were just ‘ Well , have the conference online’ “ says Horst.
1.Which of the following is NOT a potential attendee?
A.Scientists without visas. B.Scientists who are not feeling well.
C.Scientists with physical disabilities. D.Scientists who don't understand childcare.
2.What is the public’s attitude towards online conference?
A.Uncertain. B.Supportive. C.Disappointed. D.Dissatisfied.
3.Why does the second paragraph take Space Science in Context as an example?
A.To show that modern technology can realize conference online.
B.To prove that virtual conferences can make more people involved.
C.To praise the conference organizing ability of these two scientists.
D.To emphasize that the previous physical meetings were unsuccessful.
4.Where would this passage most probably appear?
A.In a guidebook for tourists. B.In a weekly story magazine.
C.In science channel of a website. D.On the front page of a newspaper.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
As late as the middle of the 19th century women voting was _____ common. But women in Europe and North America believed that they should have a____ in their government’s leaders.
A.less than, word B.far from, say C.rather than, words D.other than, saying
高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Should parents ever hit their children?
Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股) has been falling over the years.But surveys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking their child at least once.
I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment.And, no, I don' t feel I was damaged by it.
Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.
But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn't the answer.
Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.
Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades.He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers.It may be that children with lower IQs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterproductive (反作用的) to their mental development, as well.
Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks (用巴掌打) on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.
Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked.There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physically punished.Gunnoe’s research suggests they don' t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spanked.
There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers (脾气).But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical punishment.
1.According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when____________.
A.they were dissatisfied with her grade
B.she showed no respect for the elder
C.they cannot control their temper
D.their discipline turns out to be not strict enough
2.According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished ______.
A.are less aggressive toward others when they get older
B.have slower physical development
C.benefit from occasional spanking
D.may develop lower IQs than their peer
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A.40 percent of children grow up without ever being spanked
B.Children who suffer less physical punishment are better students
C.Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmful
D.Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读理【解析】
共20题 每题2分 共40分
Should parents ever hit their children?
Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股) has been falling over the years.But surveys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit spanking their child at least once.
I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment.And, no, I don't feel I was damaged by it.
Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.
But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn't the answer.
Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.
Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades.He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers.It may be that children with lower IQs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterproductive (反作用的) to their mental development, as well.
Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks (用巴掌打) on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.
Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked.There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physically punished.Gunnoe’s research suggests they don' t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spanked.
There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers(脾气).But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical punishment.
1.According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when_______.
A.they were dissatisfied with her grade
B.she showed no respect for the elder
C.they cannot control their temper
D.their discipline turns out to be not strict enough
2.According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished _____.
A.are less aggressive toward others when they get older
B.have slower physical development
C.benefit from occasional spanking
D.may develop lower IQs than their peer
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A.40 percent of children grow up without ever being spanked
B.Children who suffer less physical punishment are better students
C.Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmful
D.Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析