The Bystander (旁观者) Effect
When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. 1.
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty” Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964. Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed (刺) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, 2. The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans. As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect. 3. Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present. The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.
4. In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and 5..
A. They hesitate and assess the risk of getting hurt
B. This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect.
C. Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is unclear.
D. First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility.
E. they did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.
F. none of the people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help.
G. the attacker didn’t stop stabbing her.
高二英语七选五中等难度题
The Bystander (旁观者) Effect
When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. 1.
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which is named after Catherine “Kitty” Genovese, a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13, 1964. Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed (刺) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help, 2. The attack first began at 3:20, but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident, as well as most Americans. As the conclusion, the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect. 3. Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present. The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways. When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.
4. In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a "lovers' quarrel", and 5..
A. They hesitate and assess the risk of getting hurt
B. This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect.
C. Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is unclear.
D. First, the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility.
E. they did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.
F. none of the people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help.
G. the attacker didn’t stop stabbing her.
高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
An American pilot who made an emergency landing Tuesday after the plane lost an engine is being praised for her “nerves of steel.” The pilot, Tammie Jo Schults, was flying a Southwest Airlines plane from New York City to Dallas, Texas, when the engine blew and broke apart. She landed the plane safely in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sharp pieces of the engine struck and broke one of the plane’s windows. One passenger died after being partly sucked out of the plane. That passenger, Jennifer Riordan, was sitting next to the window that broke. Seven other people were hurt.
Schults, who is 56 years old, took the plane into a fast descent（降落）. Passengers used oxygen masks and prepared for the force of landing. Schults’ clear thinking during a high- pressure situation helped save many lives. Schults is familiar with high-pressure situations. She got her first flying experience in the United States Navy, touching down fighter planes at speeds of 240 kilometers per hour. She was one of the first female fighter pilots in the Navy.
As the Reuters news agency reports, Schults wanted to become a pilot from a young age. In a story on the fighter plane blog F-16.net, she said she tried to attend an aviation（航空）career day at her high school. But she was told they did not accept girls. After serving in the Navy, Schults joined Southwest Airlines as a pilot. She started working there in 1993.
On Tuesday, Schults calmly told air traffic control that part of her plane was missing, and that she would need emergency workers on the ground after she landed. Passengers praised Schults for being calm and caring in an extremely difficult situation. One passenger, Diana McBride Self, wrote on Facebook, “Tammie Jo Schults, the pilot came back to speak to each of us personally. This is a true American Hero...A huge thank you for her knowledge, guidance and bravery …”
1.Which of the following might be the title of the passage?
A. What Avoids the Engine Burst.
B. How to Become a Female Pilot.
C. A Dangerous Flight by a Female Pilot.
D. A Female Pilot Praised for Her Iron Will.
2.What plays most important role in Schults’ successful landing the plane?
A. Her good preparations for the oxygen masks.
B. Her former skills and experience in the Navy.
C. Her story on the fighter plane blog F—16.net.
D. Passengers’ perfect cooperation and help.
3.How long has Schults worked for the Southwest Airlines so far?
A. For more than 25 years. B. For less than 20 years.
C. For more than 30 years. D. For less than 15 years.
4.Which of following might be the order of the event?
a. Schults calmly told air traffic control.
b. The plane landed safely in Philadelphia.
c. Part of the plane was missing.
d. Schults comforted each passenger.
A. c, a, d, b B. c, d, a, b C. c, a, b, d D. a, c, b, d
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The world considers Japan to be the best prepared to deal with an earthquake emergency. _______, the March 11 earthquake, followed by a strong tsunami minutes later, still left thousands of people dead.
A. Even though B. As though C. Even so D. If so
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
When the audience heard the alarm, they all hurried to they thought was an emergency exit door．
A．what B．which C．where D．Who
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
It’s important to give the babysitter an emergency phone number ___ the children get hurt or sick.
A. in case B. unless C. even if D. so long as
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety, or fear which may occur in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience. It is most commonly seen in school situations, like stand-up projects and class speeches. It has numerous forms: heart beating fast, trembling hands and legs, sweaty hands, dry mouth etc.
In fact, most of the fear occurs before you step on stage. Once you’re up there, it usually goes away. Thus, it is a phenomenon that you must learn to control. Try to think of stage fright in a positive way. It heightens your energy, adds color to your cheeks. With these good side effects you will actually look healthier and more physically attractive.
Many of the top performers in the world get stage fright so you are in good company. Stage fright may come and go or decrease, but it usually does not disappear permanently. You must concentrate on getting the feeling out and present what you have prepared calmly.
Remember “Nobody” ever died from stage fright. But, according to surveys, many people would rather die than give a speech. If that applies to you, and you are an unlucky guy who is with stage fright the whole time, try out some of the strategies(策略) as follows to help get yourself under control. Realize that you may never overcome stage fright, but you can learn to control it, and use it to your advantage.
Strategies are as follows when the program begins:
1) If legs are trembling, lean on table or shift legs or move.
2) Don’t hold notes. The audience can see them shake. Use three-by-five cards instead.
3) Use eye contact. Look at the friendliest faces in the audience.
Remember nervousness doesn’t show one-tenth as much as it feels. Before each presentation, make a short list of the items you think will make you feel better. Don’t be afraid to experiment with different combinations. You never know which ones will work best until you try. Use these steps to control stage fright so it doesn’t control you. Once you are used to stage fright, you will find you on the road to a great speech-maker.
1.Someone may be most likely to suffer from stage fright when he/she is ______.
A. attending an English class
B. standing in a classroom
C. watching a performance
D. talking in front of people
2.By thinking of stage fright in a positive way, one could ______.
A. learn to control stage fright
B. get rid of stage fright
C. calm down before stepping on stage
D. become more physically attractive
3.Which of the following is true?
A. Top performers usually suffer from stage fright.
B. Stage fright may stay with a person for a life time.
C. Nobody would rather die than give a speech.
D. No one can overcome or control stage fright.
4.The author advises people with stage fright to ______.
A. show one-tenth of their nervousness
B. experiment with different kinds of stage fright
C. refer to the strategies whenever they feel the need
D. use one of the strategies each time
5.The passage mainly talks about ______.
A. how to deal with stage fright
B. what stage fright is like
C. when stage fright occurs
D. why people have stage fright
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Imagine this: your child has just been involved in an emergency. You call 911. The medical workers rush in and begin asking you questions as they work to rescue your child. But they also ask questions about your child’s medical history. It’s hard to think clearly. You begin to answer and then end up saying, “I don’t remember. I don’t know.” So many doctors suggest that parents keep handy a record of their children’s important healthy facts. This can often help the medical team make a better and more rapid diagnosis of a problem at a time when time really counts.
The most important information to know is the child’s allergies (过敏). It is especially crucial if the child is allergic to any medicine — penicillin, for example. Food allergies can come into play, so make a note of those as well. Children who have been hospitalized in the past may have developed latex (胶乳) allergies. Often this information can help emergency workers find a cause for problems like breathing difficulties.
Keep a list of any medicine, including what your child is now taking. Some medicines can cause adverse reaction when they are taken together, so the doctors need this information before they give your child anything. You’ll need to know when the child took the medicine last and how much was taken.
It is also important to tell emergency workers about any health problem or illness that your child has had. These pre-existing conditions can have a huge effect on the type of tests and treatment in an emergency. Consider having any child who has a health problem wear a tag around his neck. This kind of rapid notice can help doctors who are providing emergency care, especially if your child suddenly becomes ill at day care, school or a friend’s house.
1.What’s the function of the example in paragraph 1?
A.To tell us what we should do in an emergency.
B.To tell us the importance of keeping a record of children’s health facts
C.To remind us emergent situation is everywhere.
D.To tell us what doctors will ask
2.How many types of allergies are mentioned in Paragraph 2 ?
A.One B.Two C.Three D.Four
3.The underlined word “crucial “in Paragraph 2 probably means________.
A.essential B.professional C.convincing D.admirable
4.Doctors can make a rapid diagnosis of a problem with the help of knowing the following EXCEPT_________.
A.the medicine the child took last and the amount.
B.if the child is allergic to any medicine
C.if your child suddenly becomes ill at day care, school, or a friend’s house.
D.if your child has had any health problem or illness.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.Why does the woman want to go to Newcastle?
A. She received an emergency call the previous day.
B. She has never been to the city before.
C. She’d like to spend the weekend there.
2.When will the next train to Newcastle leave?
A. In half an hour. B. At 11: 30. C. At 11: 31.
3.What does the woman like to have when she is traveling?
A. Someone to talk with.
B. Interesting books to read.
C. Something to eat or drink.
4.What happened in the end?
A. The woman got on the train in the last minute.
B. The woman missed the train half a minute late.
C. The woman wanted to wait for the next train.
高二英语长对话简单题查看答案及解析
The annual marathon in my town occurred as scheduled. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance in case any of them needed medical attention. As the athletes began to pace themselves, the front runners started to disappear. It was then that my eyes were drawn to the woman in blue running shorts and a baggy white T-shirt.
I knew we were already watching our “last runner”. Her feet were turned in, yet her left knee was turned out. Her legs were so crippled ( 跛足的 ) and bent that it seemed impossible for her to walk, let alone run a marathon.
The driver and I watched in silence as she slowly moved forward. We would move forward a little bit, then stop and wait for her to gain some distance. Then we’d slowly move forward a little bit more. As I watched her struggle to put one foot in front of the other, I found myself breathing for her and urging her forward. I wanted her to stop, and at the same time, I prayed that she wouldn’t.
Finally, she was the only runner left in sight. I sat on the edge of my seat and watched with respect and amazement as she pushed forward with sheer determination through the last miles. When the finish line came into sight, the cheering crowds had long gone home. Yet, standing straight and proud waited a man. He was holding one end of a ribbon tied to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the ribbon fluttering (飘动) behind her.
I don’t know this woman’s name, but that day she became a part of my life — a part I often depend on.
For her, it wasn’t about beating the other runners or winning a prize. It was about finishing what she had set out to do. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how easy the task before me really is.
1.What words can best describe the woman?
A.Proud and determined. B.Strong-willed and honorable.
C.Modest and courageous. D.Diligent and considerate.
2.What has the author learnt from the woman?
A.Don’t depend on others when facing hardships.
B.Nothing is too tough to accomplish if one is brave enough.
C.The disabled can also run a marathon despite their walking difficulty.
D.It’s not winning but holding on straight to the end that really matters.
3.What could be the best title for the text?
A.A Crippled Woman. B.An Unforgettable Job.
C.The Last Runner. D.The Annual Marathon.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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We are happy to offer a number of resources that enable you to learn about how to take better care of your pets.Please feel free to browse our site，particularly the informational articles.The best veterinary care for animals is ongoing nutrition and problem prevention，so becoming knowledgeable about preventative pet care is vital to the ongoing success of your animal's health.If you have any questions，call(403)342－5200 or email us and we'll immediately get back to you.Our Red Deer veterinarian office is very easy to get to—and you can find directions on our Contact Us page! We also welcome you to subscribe to our newsletter，which is created especially for Red Deer pet owners.
At Deer Park Pet Hospital，we treat your pets like the valued family members they are.
Dr.Pat Higgins
Red Deer Veterinarian│Deer Park Pet Hospital│(403)342－5200
420 Allan Street#4
Red Deer，Alberta T4R 2K7
1.What does the hospital specially offer to pets?
A.Pet licenses and timely care. B.Clinic rooms and pet playmates.
C.Good pet doctors and full services. D.The best medicine and treatment.
2.What is the most important for pet health?
A.Food and exercise. B.Nutrition and prevention.
C.Technology and equipment. D.Experience and patience.
3.What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A.To make an advertisement for a pet hospital.
B.To inform pet owners how to treat their pets.
C.To introduce a trusted veterinarian to pet owners.
D.To tell people to treat their pets better.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析