阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They 1 their own way to learn the language. Instead of 2for the teachers to explain, they try to find the pattern and rules for themselves. They are good 3who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.
Secondly, 4 language learners are active in 5, therefore, they do not wait for a chance to use the languages, and they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and let those people 6them when they make a 7. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say 8 things which sound weird. They are willing to make mistakes and try again, when communication is difficult. They can accept information that is 9 or incomplete. It is more 10 for them to learn to think in the language than to know the 11of every word.
12successful language learners are learners with 13. They want to learn language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to 14with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language 15 because they want to learn it.
| 1. |
|
| 2. |
|
| 3. |
|
| 4. |
|
| 5. |
|
| 6. |
|
| 7. |
|
| 8. |
|
| 9. |
|
| 10. |
|
| 11. |
|
| 12. |
|
| 13. |
|
| 14. |
|
| 15. |
|
高二英语完型填空困难题
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They 1 their own way to learn the language. Instead of 2for the teachers to explain, they try to find the pattern and rules for themselves. They are good 3who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from their mistakes.
Secondly, 4 language learners are active in 5, therefore, they do not wait for a chance to use the languages, and they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and let those people 6them when they make a 7. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say 8 things which sound weird. They are willing to make mistakes and try again, when communication is difficult. They can accept information that is 9 or incomplete. It is more 10 for them to learn to think in the language than to know the 11of every word.
12successful language learners are learners with 13. They want to learn language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to 14with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language 15 because they want to learn it.
| 1. |
|
| 2. |
|
| 3. |
|
| 4. |
|
| 5. |
|
| 6. |
|
| 7. |
|
| 8. |
|
| 9. |
|
| 10. |
|
| 11. |
|
| 12. |
|
| 13. |
|
| 14. |
|
| 15. |
|
高二英语完型填空困难题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Some years ago when I was in my first year in college, I heard Salome Bey sing for the first time. The moment was exciting. Salome’s __36__ filled the room and brought the theater to life. I was so __37__ that I decided to write an article about her.
I __38__ Salome Bey, telling her I was from Essence magazine, and that I wanted to meet her to talk about her career. She __39__ and told me to come to her studio next Tuesday. When I hung up, I was scared out of my mind. I __40__ I was lying. I was not a writer at all and hadn’t even written a grocery list.
I interviewed Salome Bey the next Tuesday. I sat there __41__, taking notes and asking questions that all began with, “Can you tell me…” I soon realized that __42__ Salome Bey was one thing, but writing a story for a national magazine was just impossible. The __43__ was almost unbearable. I struggled for days __44__ draft after draft. Finally I put my manuscript (手稿) into a large envelope and dropped it into a mailbox.
It didn’t take long. My manuscript __45__. How stupid of me! I thought. How could I __46__ in a world of professional writers? Knowing I couldn’t __47__ the rejection letter, I threw the unopened envelope into a drawer.
Five years later, I was moving to California. While __48__ my apartment, I came across the unopened envelope. This time I opened it and read the editor’s letter in __49__:
Dear Ms Profit,
Your story on Salome Bey is fantastic. Yet we need some __50__ materials. Please add those and return the article immediately. We would like to __51__ your story soon.
Shocked, it took me a long time to __52__. Fear of rejection cost me dearly. I lost at least five hundred dollars and having my article appear in a major magazine. More importantly, I lost years of __53__ writing. Today, I have become a full-time writer. Looking back on this __54__, I learned a very important lesson: You can’t __55__ to doubt yourself.
1.A. joy B. voice C. speech D. smile
2.A. proud B. active C. satisfied D. moved
3.A. visited B. emailed C. phoned D. interviewed
4.A. agreed B. refused C. hesitated D. paused
5.A. admitted B. discovered C. explained D. knew
6.A. seriously B. patiently C. nervously D. quietly
7.A. blaming B. fooling C. inviting D. urging
8.A. hardship B. failure C. comment D. pressure
9. A. with B. by C. on D. in
10.A. disappeared B. returned C. spread D. improved
11.A. compare B. struggle C. survive D. compete
12.A. ignore B. deliver C. face D. receive
13.A. decorating B. repairing C. cleaning D. leaving
14.A. disbelief B. anxiety C. horror D. panic
15.A. subjective B. relevant C. private D. reliable
16.A. broadcast B. create C. publish D. assess
17.A. recover B. prepare C. escape D. concentrate
18.A. constant B. endless C. typical D. enjoyable
19.A. experience B. success C. benefit D. accident
20.A. attempt B. afford C. expect D. pretend
高二英语完型填空简单题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fight against crime hots up
Forget about tanks, guns, and bombs - India’s latest weapon ___1___ in the garden. The bhut jolokia is the world’s ___2__ chili pepper（胡椒）. Now the Indian Army has a plan to turn its seed into powder and use the ___3___ as a kind of natural teargas（催泪弹）.
The army says the smoking hot powder - which some people claim can stop a charging（向前冲的） elephant – will help to break ___4___ riots and chase terrorists out of ___5___ spaces. Women might also be able to use the power to chase off （赶走）attackers.
___6___ to RB Srivastava, a director at New Delhi’s Defense Research and Development Organization: “This is ___7___ going to be an effective non-toxic（无毒的） weapon because its ___8___ can choke（使窒息）terrorists and ___9___ them out of their hideouts（藏身处）. It would literally（确确实实地） choke them.”
On the other ___10___ of the world, in New York, police ___11___ to track（追踪） down a “vampire（吸血鬼） thief” who tried to steal a taxi driver’s ___12___. Police say that man got into the taxi and asked to ___13___ to a neighborhood in New York City. ___14___ they arrive, he pointed a gun ___15___ the taxi driver and told the driver to give him all his money.
When the taxi driver tried to fight ___16___ the gunman, the man bit(咬) him at least five times ___17___ the neck, arm, and back. After biting the driver, the man ran away ___18___ money.
If only the taxi driver ___19___ some bhut jolokia powder, he might have been able to save himself from ___20___ and to get his money back!
1.A. makes B. grows C. is made D. is grown
2.A. most smelly B. coldest C. hottest D. hardest
3.A. juice B. taste C. power D. powder
4.A. up B. down C. through D. in
5.A. hidden B. hiding C. open D. broad
6.A. According B. As C. Based D. Known
7.A. probably B. definitely C. possibly D. hardly
8.A. smell B. taste C. flavor D. energy
9.A. force B. take C. put D. bring
10.A. way B. side C. corner D. half
11.A. have tried B. has tried C. are trying D. is trying
12.A. car B. wallet C. gasoline D. money
13.A. be taken B. take C. be brought D. bring
14.A. As B. As soon as C. Once D. B and C
15.A. to B. at C. from D. away from
16.A. for B. back C. off D. out
17.A. on B. from C. in D. around
18.A. with the B. without the C. with D. without
19.A. had B. has had C. has D. had had
20.A. biting B. bitten C. being bitten D. being biting
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1--20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳的选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
Some people are just born to be failures. That’s the way some adults look at _________ kids. Maybe you've heard the saying, “A bird with a _________ wing will never fly as high.” I'm sure that T. J. Ware was made to _________ this way almost every day. At high school, T. J. was the best-known troublemaker in his town. He was a silent boy, didn’t answer questions and often _________ .
I met T. J. for the first time at an activity aimed at getting students more involved in community charity. When I _________ , the community leaders _________ me that T.J. had the longest arrest(拘留) record in the history of town. Actually, I wasn’t the first to hear about T.J.’s darker side as the first words of _________ .
At the start of the activity, T. J. was just _________ outside the circle of students, against the back wall, with a(n) _________ look on his face. He didn’t readily join the discussion groups, and didn’t seem to have much to say. But gradually, the interactive games _________ him in. T. J. shared his great thoughts on _________ . The other students_________ his ideas and were impressed with his passion for helping those in need. _________ , they elected T. J. co-chairman of the group.
After the activity, T. J. started showing up at school and being active in class, which none of his teachers expected. More _________ , two weeks later, T. J. led a group of 70 students in a drive to collect _________. They collected a school _________ : 2,854 cans of food in just two hours, (the shortest time in the history of town) enough to take care of _________ families in the area for 75 days.
T. J. reminds us that a bird with a broken wing only needs _________. Once it has _________, it can fly higher than the rest. Now T. J. is _________ quite nicely as a chairman of a nationwide charity organization.
1.A. failed B. troublesome C. annoyed D. worried
2.A. single B. faulty C. burden D. broken
3.A. think B. walk C. feel D. struggle
4.A. fought B. drove C. challenged D. laughed
5.A. looked up B. stood up C. finished up D. turned up
6.A. warned B. suggested C. reminded D. reached
7.A. explanation B. communication C. introduction D. instruction
8.A. standing B. laughing C. hiding D. wandering
9.A. worried B. interested C. indifferent D. puzzled
10.A. allowed B. showed C. drew D. put
11.A. games B. concerns C. school D. charity
12.A. ignored B. welcomed C. doubted D. misunderstood
13.A. However B. Besides C. Anyway D. Therefore
14.A. importantly B. surprisingly C. luckily D. popularly
15.A. money B. rubbish C. cans D. food
16.A. restaurant B. record C. yard D. term
17.A. needy B. lonely C. friendly D. likely
18.A. persuading B. mending C. observing D. teaching
19.A. healed B. noticed C. appeared D. changed
20.A. behaving B. growing C. flying D. achieving
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Loving Kindness Is Twice Blessed
I felt gloomy (沮丧的) the other day. The weather had been dark and rainy, and I just didn’t feel so1.
As I was sitting at my desk, I2it was the birthday of a dear long-time friend — a single, middle-aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loves her3.
Knowing that she doesn’t have family in town, I4to give her a call. Sure enough, she was on B-shift, 5to work late into the evening, and wouldn’t have6of a birthday this year. As always, 7, she sounded cheerful and was happy that I8.
After I hung up, I couldn’t9the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day.10feeling a little gloomy myself, I tried to put it out of my mind, but as the day passed I couldn’t shake the thought. I11gave in, and that evening set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons. My friend’s grateful smile and joyful surprise12me I’d done the right thing and were a generous13for the little effort it had taken.
When I got home, I realized that not only had I cheered up a14friend on her birthday, but my own gloomy feelings had also disappeared. Making her day had15my own!
Isn’t that the way it is16we take the time and make the17to do something for someone else? It’s like the little saying, “Loving kindness is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him who18.”
Cheering up people on their birthdays isn’t the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with19to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a difference to20. And the wonderful thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too.
1.A. positive B. special C. nervous D. proud
2.A. explained B. remembered C. complained D. informed
3.A. family B. training C. school D. work
4.A. continued B. decided C. agreed D. refused
5.A. prepared B.surprised C. disappointed D. bored
6.A. little B. many C. much D. few
7.A. therefore B. besides C. though D. otherwise
8.A. admitted B. apologized C. succeeded D. called
9.A. experience B. shake C. imagine D. understand
10.A. Almost B. Even C. Never D. Still
11.A. finally B. luckily C. unhappily D. hardly
12.A. promised B. advised C. convinced D. reminded
13.A. response B. contribution C. reward D. share
14.A. careless B. curious C. weak D. lonely
15.A. troubled B. made C. wasted D. taken
16.A. why B. where C. when D. how
17.A. suggestion B. friend C. call D. effort
18.A. tries B. receives C. expects D. cares
19.A. opportunities B. dreams C. choices D. regrets
20.A. everyone B. something C. someone D. everything
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Years ago, I worked at the Ringling Brothers Barnum & Bailey Circus. One day, as I was passing the elephants, I suddenly stopped, by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope tied to their front legs. It was that they could, at any time, break free, strangely enough, they didn’t. I asked a trainer the for this.
He said, “When they were very young, we used the size rope, and it was enough to hold them. As they grow up, they believe the rope can hold them, so they never try.”
Like the elephants, how many of you believe you cannot do a thing, simply because you once before? Do you often tell “I cannot dance” or “I’m not good at math”?
These are of self limiting beliefs. You must realize you’re for them. A limiting belief that says you’re poor at math may have as a reaction to the embarrassing experiences related to math, or the remarks made by someone important to you which you. The cool thing is that because you create the you can choose to change it! Here is how:
First, it with “I am good at math”. Once you change your , your subconsciousness(潜意识) will make this by driving you to act. That might be to take a math course or to go online help, etc. Gradually you’ll really see your math skills are .
This is such a simple process that you can it today. Don’t be like the poor elephants and make your life in a place because of a limiting belief you developed years ago.
1.A. excited B. confused C. discouraged D. worried
2.A. impossible B. doubtful C. uncertain D. obvious
3.A. but B. or C. and D. so
4.A. case B. result C. reason D. choice
5.A. same B. bigger C. smaller D. different
6.A. narrowly B. almost C. still D. hardly
7.A. did B. failed C. tried D. succeeded
8.A. yourself B. others C. your teacher D. your partner
9.A. causes B. stories C. results D. examples
10.A. conscious B. honest C. responsible D. depended
11.A. stopped B. referred C. changed D. originated
12.A. interested B. disappointed C. bored D. inspired
13.A. belief B. experience C. embarrassment D. remark
14.A. represent B. compare C. mix D. replace
15.A. action B. thought C. aim D. plan
16.A. come true B. run out C. on guard D. keep cool
17.A. at B. by C. for D. in
18.A. improved B. judged C. realized D. recognized
19.A. finish B. continue C. keep D. begin
20.A. involved B. stuck C. unfinished D. changed
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36至50各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds．It's 36 that being full of vim（活力） and vigor（精力） helps the body 37 illnesses, say the researchers from Carnegie Mellon University（CMU） in Pittsburgh．
"We need to take more seriously the possibility that a 38 emotional style is a fighter player in disease risk," says psychologist Sheldon Cohen, the study's lead researcher．
In a previous study, Cohen and his colleagues found that people who 39 to be cheerful and lively were 40 likely to develop sniffles, coughs, and other cold symptoms （症状）．
Those findings were interesting, but they didn't prove that a person's 41 affects whether he or she gets sick． 42 it was still possible that a person's underlying personality is 43 matters．
44 suggests, for instance, that certain people are naturally more likely to be outgoing（外向的）and 45, with high self-respect and a sense of 46 over life．This would mean that who we are, not how we feel, finally decides our 47 of catching colds．
To figure out which mattered more （personality or 48）, the CMU team 49 193 healthy adults．The researchers talked to each person over the phone every evening for 2 weeks．They told the researchers about the positive and negative 50 they had experienced that day．
The results showed that everyone in the study was 51 likely to get infected．Their symptoms（征兆）, however, 52 depending on the types of emotions that they had reported over the 53 2 weeks．
Scientists 54 about whether negative emotions or positive emotions have a stronger 55 on how healthy we are．For now, it can't hurt to look on the bright side more often than not!
| 1. |
|
| 2. |
|
| 3. |
|
| 4. |
|
5.A, most B．least C．quite D．indeed
| 6. |
|
| 7. |
|
| 8. |
|
| 9. |
|
| 10. |
|
| 11. |
|
| 12. |
|
| 13. |
|
| 14. |
|
| 15. |
|
| 16. |
|
| 17. |
|
| 18. |
|
| 19. |
|
| 20. |
|
高二英语完型填空简单题查看答案及解析
完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was . The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don’t know the of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “ it’s not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly they have time to see, and you’ll out and get your money,” Chad said.
It was a new to Jason. He thought of his bird with no and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was that he would not tell a lie. Though he was a poor newsboy, he had been some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers . Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason money because he would not tell a lie. The boy at Jason. “You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder .”You’re just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new . He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
1.A. shops B. coins C. people D. papers
2.A. open B. heavy C. pure D. weak
3.A. instead of B.in return for C. regardless of D.in exchange for
4.A. cup B. card C. comb D. cake
5.A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up
6.A. difficulty B. process C. goal D. secret
7.A. And B. But C. For D. So
8.A. before B. since C. though D. unless
9.A. call B. drop C. sell D. reach
10.A. edition B. idea C. policy D. task
11.A. bread B. insects C. seeds D. water
12.A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined
13.A. still B. already C. just D. also
14.A. taught B. handed C. awarded D. allowed
15.A. at once B. by chance C. as usual D. on purpose
16.A. proud B. gentle C. warm D. polite
17.A. borrowed B. lost C. made D. saved
18.A. laughed B. shouted C. nodded D. stared
19.A. bravely B. gratefully C. fondly D. modestly
20.A. duty B. business C. job D. method
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
You may be surprised to see "making sure children never suffer" as a mistake. The following ________ may help you understand how rescuing children from all suffering ________ weakness.
A little boy felt sorry for a butterfly struggling to ________ from its chrysalis（蛹）．He decided to ________ the butterfly. So he peeled（剥开）the chrysalis open for the butterfly. The little boy was so ________ to watch the butterfly spread its wings and fly off, into the sky.
Then he was horrified ________ he watched the butterfly fall to the ground and die because it did not have the muscle ________ to keep flying. In fact，the butterfly’s struggle to ________ the chrysalis helps the butterfly become stronger.
Like the little boy ________ too often want to protect their children from struggle in the ________ of love. They don’t realize that their children need to struggle, to experience ________, to deal with disappointment，and to solve their own problems. Only in this way can children ________ their emotional strength，become strong-willed and develop the skills necessary for the even bigger struggles they will meet ________ their lives. Children experiencing sufferings can ________ the ups and downs of life.
However it isn’t helpful either in this case when parents ________ lecture（训斥），blame and shame to what the child is experiencing. Mothers ________ to say，“Stop crying and act-ing like a spoiled boy. You can’t always get what you want:，， These ________ words should be avoided.
Instead, parents can offer loving support. You can say, "Don’t lose ________. Be brave！You will succeed if you try again.”Then comes the tough part — no ________ and no lectures. Simply allow him to discover that he can get over his disappointment and ________ what he can do to get what he wants in the future.
1.A. story B. proverb C. saying D. experiment
2.A. damages B. burns C. creates D. experiences
3.A. bear B. suffer C. date D. emerge
4.A. skill B. feed C. help D. rescue
5.A. depressed B. moved C. puzzled D. excited
6.A. since B. as C. before D. until
7.A. power B. energy C. strength D. force
8.A. come up with B. do away with
C. keep up with D. break away from
9.A. teachers B. parents C. relatives D. friends
10.A. case B. charge C. name D. course
11.A. friendships B. scholarships C relationships D. hardships
12.A. build up B. come up C. hung up D. turn up
13.A. from B. throughout C. at D. on
14.A. expect B. predict C. survive D. avoid
15.A. add B. adapt C. devote D. contribute
16.A. pretend B. happen C. tend D. seem
17.A. discouraging B. inspiring C. interesting D. touching
18.A. face B. heart C. sight D. weight
19.A. parking B. smoking C. drinking D. rescuing
20.A. figure out B. carry out C. rule out D. drop out
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C、D) 中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A group of graduates got together to visit their old university professor.
The conversation soon turned into complaints about ________ in work and life. To offer his ________ coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and ________ with a large pot of coffee and a ________ of cups—porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some plain-looking, some expensive, some beautiful—telling them to ________ themselves to the coffee.
When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said, “if you have ________, all the nice-looking expensive cups have been taken up, ________ the plain and cheap ones. While it is ________ for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the ________ of your problems and stress.”
“Be assured that the cup itself ________ no quality to the coffee. ________ it is just more expensive and in some cases ________ hides what we drink.”
“________ all of you really want is the coffee, not the cup, ________ you consciously went for the best cups… And then you began ________ each other’s cups.”
Now consider this: ________ is the coffee; the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools to hold and ________ life, and the type of cup we have does not define, nor change the ________ of life we live. Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we ________ to enjoy the coffee. Value the coffee, not the cups! Don’t let the cups ________ you… enjoy the coffee instead.
1.A. stress B. dream C. sorrow D. truth
2.A. friends B. customers C. fellows D. guests
3.A. carried B. returned C. arrived D. reached
4.A. kind B. variety C. sort D. number
5.A. devote B. expose C. help D. absorb
6.A. searched B. witnessed C. noticed D. discovered
7.A. leaving behind B. leaving over
C. falling about D. falling behind
8.A. strange B. normal C. wonderful D. important
9.A. purpose B. answer C. source D. result
10.A. takes B. links C. passes D. adds
11.A. At no time B. At all times
C. In no case D. In most cases
12.A. ever B. even C. never D. hardly
13.A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether
14.A. but B. so C. and D. for
15.A. suspecting B. liking C. praising D. eyeing
16.A. Love B. Life C. Future D. Failure
17.A. contain B. create C. support D. own
18.A. quantity B. style C. quality D. standard
19.A. have B. manage C. plan D. fail
20.A. envy B. drive C. force D. assess
高二英语完形填空简单题查看答案及解析