American scientists have developed the first material that repairs itself. The material is a form of plastic that has been engineered to fill breaks in its surface.
Plastics are used today in everything from airplane wings to hundreds of object found in the home. Scientists wanted to find a way to make objects made of plastic last longer. The researchers hope their new discovery can be used to make objects that are difficult or impossible to replace.
The surface of plastic objects breaks over time. Very small breaks develop every time a plastic object is used. The researchers wanted to find out how to stop plastic from developing small breaks that weaken and destroy it. They found the answer in the chemical structure(构造)of plastic itself.
Plastic is made of monomers(单体). These monomers link together to form polymers(聚合物). Polymers give plastic its ability to be shaped and its strength. The research team found a way to make plastic that contains very small balloons filled with monomer liquid(液体). When the new plastic cracks(裂开), the monomer liquid is let out and flows into the crack. Thus the break is repaired. The repaired plastic has seventy – five percent of the strength of undamaged plastic.
The new self – repairing plastic is not yet ready for production. But it has several possible uses. One could be in space vehicles where parts cannot be repaired or replaced. Another possible use might be in bridges. And it could be used in people, to replace bone joints that have become broken or damaged.
72.Which of the following can be the best title for the article?
A.Ever-Lasting Material Invented.
B.The Chemical Structure of Plastic.
C.Plastic that Repairs Itself.
D.Small Balloons that Makes Plastic Stronger.
73.We know from the passage that the repair is done as .
A.the cracked plastic parts are changed
B.the plastic is made
C.the liquid is put into the plastic cracks
D.the plastic cracks
74.The scientist are planning to use the new material in space vehicles, bridges and people because .
A.the plastic parts in them are required to last longer
B.the plastic parts in them are easily broken or damaged
C.the new material cannot be used elsewhere
D.they want to experiment in these places first
75.What can we know about the new material mentioned in the passage?
A.It is a kind of liquid that is commonly used.
B.It is more difficult to make than common plastics.
C.Its surface does not crack so easily as other ones.
D.It makes it difficult or impossible to replace plastic objects.
高一英语阅读理解简单题
American scientists have developed the first material that repairs itself. The material is a form of plastic that has been engineered to fill breaks in its surface.
Plastics are used today in everything from airplane wings to hundreds of object found in the home. Scientists wanted to find a way to make objects made of plastic last longer. The researchers hope their new discovery can be used to make objects that are difficult or impossible to replace.
The surface of plastic objects breaks over time. Very small breaks develop every time a plastic object is used. The researchers wanted to find out how to stop plastic from developing small breaks that weaken and destroy it. They found the answer in the chemical structure(构造)of plastic itself.
Plastic is made of monomers(单体). These monomers link together to form polymers(聚合物). Polymers give plastic its ability to be shaped and its strength. The research team found a way to make plastic that contains very small balloons filled with monomer liquid(液体). When the new plastic cracks(裂开), the monomer liquid is let out and flows into the crack. Thus the break is repaired. The repaired plastic has seventy – five percent of the strength of undamaged plastic.
The new self – repairing plastic is not yet ready for production. But it has several possible uses. One could be in space vehicles where parts cannot be repaired or replaced. Another possible use might be in bridges. And it could be used in people, to replace bone joints that have become broken or damaged.
72.Which of the following can be the best title for the article?
A.Ever-Lasting Material Invented.
B.The Chemical Structure of Plastic.
C.Plastic that Repairs Itself.
D.Small Balloons that Makes Plastic Stronger.
73.We know from the passage that the repair is done as .
A.the cracked plastic parts are changed
B.the plastic is made
C.the liquid is put into the plastic cracks
D.the plastic cracks
74.The scientist are planning to use the new material in space vehicles, bridges and people because .
A.the plastic parts in them are required to last longer
B.the plastic parts in them are easily broken or damaged
C.the new material cannot be used elsewhere
D.they want to experiment in these places first
75.What can we know about the new material mentioned in the passage?
A.It is a kind of liquid that is commonly used.
B.It is more difficult to make than common plastics.
C.Its surface does not crack so easily as other ones.
D.It makes it difficult or impossible to replace plastic objects.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space. The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot days. The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels(板). However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into radiation.
Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford University. He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand. The panels act like a mirror. They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun. And he says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space. "It's a structure(构造) that cools itself without electricity input, even under the sun. So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesn't get heated up by the sun. Mr. Fan says it is like having a window into space. The heat is sent directly into space without warming the air.”
He says buildings in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels. "In areas where electricity is out of reach for many people, there is a potential (潜在的) benefit for storing medicine or even food. In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important. And this would provide a way to do it.”
The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the high-tech panels. They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray(喷涂) that could be used on present solid structures. They believe the cooling spray technology could be developed in the next three to five years. They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A. living on hot days is no longer a big problem now
B. a new material is created to cool the buildings
C. researchers are developing new solar panels on roofs
D. the new material is a very thin sheet with many layers
2.How does the panel work?
A. It takes in the heat and cools it down.
B. It uses a mirror to reflect the sunlight.
C. It sends heat away right into space.
D. It has a window to let out the heat.
3.The new material is especially useful in areas that ________.
A. suffer high temperature
B. have poor air conditioning
C. have plenty of food
D. are short of power
4.What can you infer from the passage?
A. The appliance of the new panel is still under research.
B. Some people got benefits from producing the panels.
C. People may have problems in using the new material.
D. The new panels may save 15 percent of the energy.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce human-like milk.
Genetic engineering was used to introduce the "mothers’milk" genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.
As an adult, the cloned cow "will produce milk that is similar to that of humans", which will prove "a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(婴儿)", said the institute. "The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world with two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk," said the statement.
In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk. But the Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene, while their research involved two, meaning the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.
“Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows’milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of infants,” said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute.
Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute made all Argentines proud. She also said that she had rejected the "honor" of having the cow named after her. "They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.”
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A. The importance of genetic engineering.
B. Ways to improve mothers’ milk.
C. A cloned cow to produce human-like milk.
D. Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina.
2.Which of the following can best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?
A. have more varieties than
B. be more similar to
C. have more nutrition than
D. be more different from
3.What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner’s statements?
A. She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.
B. She considered it an honor to name the special cow.
C. She felt it improper to be named after the cow.
D. She refused to give a name to the cow out of self-respect.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow to own two human genes that will enable it to produce human-like milk, which is matchless up to now. It is a breakthrough in the area of clone.
Genetic engineering was used to introduce the "mothers’ milk" genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.
As an adult, the cloned cow "will produce milk that is similar to humans" in what will prove "a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants", it said in a statement.
"The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first one born in the world that owns two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk," the statement said.
In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created GM Holstein dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk.
But the Argentine team says the Chinese only introduced one human gene, whereas their research involved two genes meaning the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.
Rosita ISA was born on April 6 and was delivered by Caesarean section because she weighed around 100 pounds, roughly twice the normal weight of Jersey cows.
Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin said "Our goal was to raise nutritional value of cows’ milk by adding two human genes, the protein lactoferrin and lysozyme, which can provide newly-born babies with anti-bacterial and anti-viral protection."
Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute "makes all proud.” She also revealed that she had rejected the "honor" of having the cow named after her. "They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more appropriate to call it Rosita.”
1.What can we know about Rosita ISA according to the passage?
A. It is as heavy as Jersey cows.
B. It is the first cow with a human gene.
C. Its milk has the same proteins as human breast milk.
D. Its milk has larger nutritional value than others’.
2. Lactoferrin and lysozyme in milk ______.
A. are good for babies’ health
B. help provide more milk from cow
C. can increase the production of milk
D. can offer more proteins in cow milk
3.We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. it is hard to name the cow
B. honorable as it is, no women like the cow named after them
C. the president wants the cow named after her
D. Cristina Kirchner objects to creating the cloned cow
4.What would be the best title of the passage?
A. Scientists in Argentina could produce human milk
B. The cloned cow would bring about benefits
C. Scientists create cow that produces "human" milk
D. How was the cloned cow born?
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
This is the first American film _______ I have ever seen.
A.where | B.which | C.who | D.that |
高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Scientists have developed a water treatment system that they say is a powerful but simple way to save lives. Four grams of chemicals can treat ten liters of dirty water for a low cost, about ten cents.
Experts say infections from dirty water kill several thousand children in developing countries every day. The Procter and Gamble company has been developing the "PUR Purifier of Water" system since 1995. The company has been working with the United States Centers for Disease control and Prevention(C.D.C.).
C.D.C. researchers tested it in Guatemala, Pakistan and Kenya. Procter and Gamble researcher Greg Allgood says cases of diarrhea(腹泻) in those studies fell by about 50 percent. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University in Maryland tested the system at a refugee camp in Liberia. Mr. Allgood says that study found a reduction of more than 90 percent. Use of the system is being expanded worldwide.
The treatment contains bleach(漂白剂) to kill disease-causing organisms. It also contains something that dirt and other particles stick to. Mr. Allgood says the chemicals can remove lead and other dangerous metals and even agricultural poisons like D.D.T.
Mr. Allgood heads the Children's Safe Drinking Water program at Procter and Gamble. He says about forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free. They have been used in emergencies and in areas with limited supplies of clean water.
Clean water is a limited resource in many parts of the world. Delegates from about 130 nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum last month in Mexico City. Scientists, policy experts and others discussed ways to provide clean water to the world’s poor. Organizers say more than twenty percent of the world population lacks clean drinking water. The final declaration did not go so far as to declare water a human right. But it did say that governments, not private companies, must take the lead in improving the public’s ability to have clean water.
46. What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A. Water pollution around the world.
B. The causes of diarrhea in African countries.
C. A newly developed water treatment system.
D. The Fourth World Water Forum in Mexico City.
47. Which of the following developed the water treatment system?
A. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
B. The Procter and Gamble Company and C.D.C.
C. The Children’s Safe Drinking Water Program.
D. Johns Hopkins University.
48. Which of the following about the new water treatment system is NOT true?
A. It is effective but very expensive.
B. It was tested in Guatemala, Pakistan and Kenya.
C. It is being expanded worldwide.
D. It can remove dangerous metals in the water.
49. Which of the following shows that the shortage of clean water is a serious problem?
A. Forty million packets of the treatment have been given to countries for free.
B. Delegates from about 130 nations attended the Fourth World Water Forum.
C. Four grams of chemicals can treat liters of dirty water for a low cost.
D. Infections from dirty water kill several thousand children every day.
50. The best title for this article is ______.
A. A Small Packet of Chemicals, a Big Effect on Dirty Water
B. The Procter and Gamble Company and C.D.C.
C. The Shortage of Clean Water
D. How to Cure Diarrhea
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Researchers have discovered the first Earth-sized planet. It was first marked by scientists' using NASA's Kepler telescope(望远镜), so it's called Kepler﹣186f. It lies about 500 light years from Earth and goes around its star.The planet is the right distance from its star for water: not too close or not too far. Water is one important condition that scientists guess is necessary for life. So it could have water and possible life. It's called a true Earth cousin.
"This planet is an Earth cousin, not an Earth twin," said Barclay, who is among a team of scientists reporting on the discovery in the magazine Science this week.
"It's very exciting to find a planet similar to the Earth,"Barclay said. "It's not easy work because things change as we get more measurements."
Scientists don't know anything about the air of Kepler﹣186f, but it will be a task for future telescopes which can study for chemicals that have something to do with life.
"It's possible for life to live in this planet, but that doesn't mean there is life in it," Barclay said.
So far, scientists have found nearly 1,800 planets in the universe.
"The past year has seen a lot of progress in the search for Earthlike planets. Kepler﹣186f is very important because it is the first planet that is the same temperature and is almost the same size as Earth,"scientist David Charbonneau wrote in an email.
1.Scientists have already found about ________ planets now.
A. 500 B. 186 C. 1,800 D. 1,801
2.Which of the following about Kepler﹣186f is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It could have water and possible life, so perhaps we might live there.
B. It's almost as hot as and as large as Earth.
C. In the future,scientists will study the chemicals of it by telescope.
D. It's an Earth﹣like planet.
3.What is the best title of the passage?
A. Space research
B. Journey to space
C. Is there water and possible life in Kepler﹣186f?
D. Scientists discover the most Earth-like planet
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
We all have the ability to make friends. 1. Making friends is a skill, and the first step in developing that skill is knowing how to get along with others. People who are good at getting along with others take an interest in what other people like.
The following are some tips.
Realize you own strengths. 2. Some people don’t let others see their goodness.
Believe that you are a good person who has something to share with others.
Develop a sense of humor. Learn to laugh at yourself and your shortcomings. It will give out some of the stress in your life.
3. They have their opinions, you have yours. Different opinions are healthy. Learn how to listen to others without putting them down or trying to persuade them that your opinion is right.
Be kind. Throughout your life, you will learn that if you are kind to others, they will usually be kind to you. 4.Right now. Give someone a compliment(恭维). Open the door for someone. Wave to a friend. Encourage someone who is discouraged. There are hundreds of little things you can do to show kindness.
Be sympathetic(同情). 5. Look at life through their eyes.
Never give up. Even if you are faced with negative(消极), closed-minded(思想封闭的) people, never give up. Don’t let them change you into one of them. Find people who will appreciate(欣赏) you.
A. Respect the rights of others.
B. When should you start being kind?
C. Unfortunately, many people never reach their potential.(潜力)
D. Friends are very important to every one of us.
E. You have skills and talents that others can enjoy.
F. You must try your best to help others out of trouble.
G. Try to understand what others are going through.
高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
The earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life .What does the earth have that the other planets don’t ? For one thing , the earth has just the right temperature . As the third planet from the sun , the earth seems to be just the right distance away . The planets that are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake in the sun . The farthest planets are cold balls .
When the earth developed— which scientists believe may have happened about billions of years ago , many gases covered the earth . The gases caused the earth to be hot . But something wonderful happened . The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form . It rained very hard for a very long time . This gave the earth its oceans . Water made it possible for plants to grow . The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere . Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe .
Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth . That planet is Mars . Mars is smaller than the earth , and it is quite a bit cooler . But it is not too cold for humans . On some days , the temperatures are as cold as a winter day in the northern United States . If you wore a special spacesuit , you could walk around on Mars . You would have to bring your own air to breathe , though . The air on Mars is too thin to breathe . Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system . It is sixteen miles high . The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high . The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds . Scientists believe that Mars was once much wetter that it is now . Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars ? Scientists are not sure , but there has been no sign so far .
1.It is the ________ on the earth that makes life possible .
A.temperature B.water C.oxygen D.temperature , water and oxygen
2.The underlined phrase “ the third planet ” means ________ .
A.the sun B.the earth C.the moon D.Mars
3.Which planet in the solar system is most like the earth ?
A.Mars . B.Moon . C.Sun . D.Mars and Moon .
4.Which of the following is TRUE ?
A.The earth has a history of about 4 million years .
B.There is no air on Mars .
C.The largest volcano on Mars is over three times higher than the highest one on the earth
D.Scientists believe there are living things on Mars .
5.The best title for the passage should be ________ .
A.Living Things on Our Earth B.The Moon
C.Living Things on the Moon D.Mars Is Most Like the Earth
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is what failed dieters have long suspected: 1. Scientists have confirmed that the majority of overweight people who try to lose weight either by cutting calories or exercising will return to their former size.
Fewer than 10 percent of the 12 million Britons who go on a diet each year succeed in losing significant amounts of weight and 2. The scientists, from the Medical Research Council’s National Survey of Health and Development, followed 5,362 men and women from their birth in 1976 and 20,000 from birth in 1988, measuring their weight and blood pressure and assessing their lifestyles. They found both groups began gaining weight in the 2000s and had steadily increased in size ever since.
Dr. Rebecca Hardy, the council’s program leader on body size, said, “Once people become overweight, they continue without doubt upwards.3. It is better to avoid getting fat in the first place. For men, weight goes up steadily through life.4.
Experts have suggested evolution means we are programmed to put on weight rather than lose it. Dieting can make this tendency worse as decreasing calorie intake causes the body to go into starvation mode and reduce the amount of energy it naturally expends, making it even harder to lose weight.5. So eating less and taking more exercise can increase fitness and lower blood pressure.
A. They hardly ever go back down.
B. Overweight people are born fat.
C. Fat people really can’t keep the weight off.
D. most of those do put it all back on again within a year.
E. few of those can keep on exercising and eating less food.
F. For women, it starts slowly and accelerates in the mid-thirties.
G. But the study’s findings do not mean dieting is pointless and useless.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析