A bite from a tsetse fly (采采蝇) is an extremely unpleasant experience. It is not like a mosquito, which can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood, often without you noticing. In contrast, the tsetse fly’s mouth has tiny saws on it that saw into your skin on its way to suck out your blood.
To make matters worse, several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes "sleeping sickness", or "human African trypanosomiasis"to give it its official name. Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.
Like so many tropical diseases, sleeping sickness has often been neglected by medical researchers. However, researchers have long endeavored to understand how it avoids our bodies’ defence mechanisms. Some of their insights could now help us eliminate sleeping sickness altogether.
There are two closely-related single-celled parasites that cause this deathly sleep: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense. The latter is far more common: it is responsible for up to 95% of cases, mostly in western Africa. It takes several years to kill a person, while T. brucei rhodesiense can cause death within months. There are still other forms that infect livestock.
After the initial bite, sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever, headaches and aching muscles. As the illness goes on, those infected become increasingly tired, which is where it gets its name. Personality changes, severe confusion and poor coordination can also happen.
While medication does help, some treatments are toxic and can themselves be deadly, especially if they are given after the disease has reached the brain.
It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was. In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year. By the 1960s the disease was considered "under control" and had reached very low numbers, making its spread more difficult. But in the 1970s there was another major epidemic, which took 20 years to control.
Since then, better screening programmes and earlier interventions have reduced the number of cases dramatically. In 2009 there were fewer than 10,000 cases for the first time since records began, and in 2015 this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000, according to the latest figures from the World Health Organisation. The WHO hopes the disease will be completely eliminated by 2020.
While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa. To eliminate the disease completely, infections have to be closely monitored.
More problematically, a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more complicated than previously believed.
Sleeping sickness has always been considered —— and diagnosed —— as a blood disease, because T. brucei parasites can readily be detected in the blood of its victims.
1.A tsetse fly is different from a mosquito in that________.
A. it can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood
B. all species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases
C. it can spread a parasite that causes "sleeping sickness"
D. its mouth has larger saws than those on a mosquito
2.What can be learned about "sleeping sickness" according to the text ?
A. It is formally called"human American trypanosomiasis".
B. If left untreated, it can possibly be deadly.
C. It remains as deadly as it used to be.
D. It usually draws attention from medical researchers.
3.What is implied in the last three paragraphs ?
A. "Sleeping sickness" will be completely eliminated by 2020.
B. The parasite causing "sleeping sickness" is easy to detect now.
C. T. brucei parasites can only be detected in the blood of its victims.
D. Data about "sleeping sickness"cases may not be so accurate.
4.What would be the best title of this passage ?
A. A mosquito that can carry deadly diseases.
B. A bite from this fly puts you into a deadly sleep.
C. Symptoms that are characteristic of "sleeping sickness".
D. How to control deadly"sleeping sickness" from a tsetse fly.
高三英语阅读理解简单题
A bite from a tsetse fly (采采蝇) is an extremely unpleasant experience. It is not like a mosquito, which can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood, often without you noticing. In contrast, the tsetse fly’s mouth has tiny saws on it that saw into your skin on its way to suck out your blood.
To make matters worse, several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite that causes "sleeping sickness", or "human African trypanosomiasis"to give it its official name. Without treatment, an infection is usually fatal.
Like so many tropical diseases, sleeping sickness has often been neglected by medical researchers. However, researchers have long endeavored to understand how it avoids our bodies’ defence mechanisms. Some of their insights could now help us eliminate sleeping sickness altogether.
There are two closely-related single-celled parasites that cause this deathly sleep: Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense. The latter is far more common: it is responsible for up to 95% of cases, mostly in western Africa. It takes several years to kill a person, while T. brucei rhodesiense can cause death within months. There are still other forms that infect livestock.
After the initial bite, sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever, headaches and aching muscles. As the illness goes on, those infected become increasingly tired, which is where it gets its name. Personality changes, severe confusion and poor coordination can also happen.
While medication does help, some treatments are toxic and can themselves be deadly, especially if they are given after the disease has reached the brain.
It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was. In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year. By the 1960s the disease was considered "under control" and had reached very low numbers, making its spread more difficult. But in the 1970s there was another major epidemic, which took 20 years to control.
Since then, better screening programmes and earlier interventions have reduced the number of cases dramatically. In 2009 there were fewer than 10,000 cases for the first time since records began, and in 2015 this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000, according to the latest figures from the World Health Organisation. The WHO hopes the disease will be completely eliminated by 2020.
While this decline looks positive, there may be many more cases that go unreported in rural Africa. To eliminate the disease completely, infections have to be closely monitored.
More problematically, a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more complicated than previously believed.
Sleeping sickness has always been considered —— and diagnosed —— as a blood disease, because T. brucei parasites can readily be detected in the blood of its victims.
1.A tsetse fly is different from a mosquito in that________.
A. it can put its thin mouthpart directly into your blood
B. all species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases
C. it can spread a parasite that causes "sleeping sickness"
D. its mouth has larger saws than those on a mosquito
2.What can be learned about "sleeping sickness" according to the text ?
A. It is formally called"human American trypanosomiasis".
B. If left untreated, it can possibly be deadly.
C. It remains as deadly as it used to be.
D. It usually draws attention from medical researchers.
3.What is implied in the last three paragraphs ?
A. "Sleeping sickness" will be completely eliminated by 2020.
B. The parasite causing "sleeping sickness" is easy to detect now.
C. T. brucei parasites can only be detected in the blood of its victims.
D. Data about "sleeping sickness"cases may not be so accurate.
4.What would be the best title of this passage ?
A. A mosquito that can carry deadly diseases.
B. A bite from this fly puts you into a deadly sleep.
C. Symptoms that are characteristic of "sleeping sickness".
D. How to control deadly"sleeping sickness" from a tsetse fly.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
A bite from a tsetse fly is an extremely unpleasant experience.To make matters worse,several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases.One of the most dangerous is a parasite(寄生虫)that causes "sleeping sickness".
After the initial bite,sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever,headaches and aching muscles.As the illness goes on,those infected become increasingly tired,which is where it gets its name.
It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was.In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year.By the 1960s the disease was considered "under control" and had reached very low numbers,making its spread more difficult.But in the 1970s there was another major infection,which took 20 years to control.Since then,better screening programs and earlier treatments have reduced the number of cases dramatically.In 20is this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000.The World Health Organization (WHO) hopes the disease will be completely removed by 2020.More problematically,a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more complicated than previously believed.
Sleeping sickness has always been considered—and analyzed—as a blood disease,because the parasites can readily be discovered in the blood of its victims.However,in a recent study found that the parasite can stay in the skin and fat,as well as in the blood.There may even be a higher density(密度)of the parasite in the skin than in the blood. That means a person can have no symptoms but still both harbor the disease and spread it.The finding could explain the mysterious 1970s infection,and why the disease can spring up in areas that had previously been cleared.
1.What's the danger of a tsetse fly bite?
A. It makes people sleepy. B. It causes skin disease.
C. It brings about deaths. D. It transmits deadly parasites.
2.What can we infer about sleeping sickness from Paragraph 3?
A. It's still a threat to human health. B. It's not that dangerous at present.
C. It's incurable in the early 20th century. D. It's completely under control in the 1960s.
3.What does the underlined "harbor" most probably mean?
A. carry B. resist C. exchange D. hide
4.What does the latest research indicate according to the passage?
A. Sleeping sickness is a blood disease. B. Skin is more suitable for the parasite to grow.
C. Sleeping sickness can be spread with no signs. D. Parasites in the skin caused the 1970s infection.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A bite from a tsetse fly is an extremely unpleasant experience. To make matters worse, several species of tsetse fly can transmit diseases. One of the most dangerous is a parasite(寄生虫) that causes "sleeping sickness".
After the initial bite, sleeping sickness symptoms often start with a fever, headaches and aching muscles. As the illness goes on, those infected become increasingly tired, which is where it gets its name.
It is worth noting that sleeping sickness is no longer as deadly as it once was. In the early 20th Century several hundred thousand people were infected each year. By the 1960s the disease was considered "under control" and had reached very low numbers, making its spread more difficult. But in the 1970s there was another major infection, which took 20 years to control. Since then, better screening programs and earlier treatments have reduced the number of cases dramatically. In 2000 this figure dropped to fewer than 3,000. The World Health Organization (WHO) hopes the disease will be completely removed by 2020. More problematically, a series of new studies have shown that the parasite is more complicated than previously believed.
Sleeping sickness has always been considered—and analyzed—as a blood disease, because the parasites can readily be discovered in the blood of its victims. However, in a recent study found that the parasite can stay in the skin and fat, as well as in the blood. There may even be a higher density(密度)of the parasite in the skin than in the blood. That means a person can have no symptoms but still both harbor the disease and spread it. The finding could explain the mysterious 1970s infection, and why the disease can spring up in areas that had previously been cleared.
1.What's the danger of a tsetse fly bite?
A. It makes people sleepy. B. It causes skin disease.
C. It brings about deaths. D. It transmits deadly parasites.
2.What can we infer about sleeping sickness from Paragraph 3?
A. It's still a threat to human health.
B. It's not that dangerous at present.
C. It's incurable in the early 20th century.
D. It's completely under control in the 1960s.
3.What does the underlined "harbor" most probably mean?
A. carry B. resist C. exchange D. hide
4.What does the latest research indicate according to the passage?
A. Sleeping sickness is a blood disease.
B. Skin is more suitable for the parasite to grow.
C. Sleeping sickness can be spread with no signs.
D. Parasites in the skin caused the 1970s infection.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Noise is unpleasant, _____ when you are trying to sleep.
A. especially B. specially
C. extremely D. naturally
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Noise is unpleasant, _____ when you are trying to sleep.
A.especially | B.specially |
C.extremely | D.naturally |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Noise is unpleasant, ________ when you are trying to sleep.
A.especially | B.specially | C.extremely | D.naturally |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Indeed, many failures are experienced in our lives and the effect could be extremely unpleasant. I do have a share of my experience and you might have yours too. As the sayings goes, “Experience is the best teacher.” Many people believe it’s the other way around. Experience, in fact, can be the worst teacher since it takes the first before you learn the lesson.
Often, when people around us try to comfort us that we shouldn’t be too hard on ourselves, we say “sure”, yet we are doing otherwise. We are becoming too hard on ourselves because failure is something that wouldn’t leave your mind quickly. Failure is something that can make you regret spending money, time, and effort but all go down the drain. But it is common everywhere and it usually leads us to success.
“There were once two prison men sitting behind the bars. One saw mud while the other saw stars.” In this story, those two prison men were paying the costs of their actions. However, as they faced their situation, one prisoner was completely defeated by his depression. But the other prisoner held his head up with his hopes and dreams. As you may well notice, failure happens, but people deal with it quite differently.
However, true failure comes in when you react negatively to the situation. True failure is about giving up completely. It is about being unable to recognize that if you look at the midnight skies, the stars are still shinning. See, no matter how disheartening and discouraging your fall was true failure is about not getting up and not moving on. You must accept failure as a great opportunity for you to learn. You will also be able to learn from the failures of other people. But it’s your own failure that will help you meaningfully.
1.The saying “Experience is the best teacher.” in Paragraph 1 means_____.
A. experience is really good at teaching
B. the best teacher usually experiences a lot
C. something valuable can be learned from failure
D. the worst teacher can teach you how to be successful
2.The writer tells us people’s attitudes toward failure by_____.
A. listing some true facts
B. mentioning a story
C. showing some figures
D. blaming the two prison men
3.Which of the following is TRUE about the failure according to the text?
A. We can’t live without failure
B. It is easy to get rid of failure
C. People should try to avoid failure
D. People should treat failure properly
4.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Failure opens the door to learning
B. Experience is interesting and pleasant
C. Success is not easy for us to achieve
D. Everything comes from failure
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Durian(榴莲) is probably the smelliest fruit in the world, letting out an unusual unpleasant smell which would make anyone bring up. However, nobody was aware of what gave this fruit its unique smell, so a team of researchers from Singapore decided to take a look at its genome (基因组) and find out,
Durian is well-known throughout Southeast Asia as the king of fruits, mostly because of its awful appearance and smell. However, the origin of this unpleasant smell was unknown, so researchers decided to map the genome of the fruit, and find the gene that controlled it. A group of genes, volatile sulfur compounds (含硫化合物), became very active in the fruit, and they were found responsible for resulting in the unpleasant smell.
The fruit confuses everyone with a sulfuric smell, like rotten onions and ingredients. The smell lasts long, mostly because the fruit contains more volatile sulfur compounds. Other species usually benefit from two gene copies at most, but durian has four, leading to the striking smell.
However, this smell might be an advantage for durian in the wild. Although we find it unpleasant, many animals might be attracted by it. If they eat the fruit, then they can easily spread its seeds everywhere, thus contributing to the distribution of the species.
The mapping of the durian genome also showed some other information on the species. First of all, the fruit has an impressive number of genes, namely 46,000. Also, with the help of these genes, they saw how it evolved, and discovered it was related to the cacao tree. All the other discoveries have been published in the journal Nature Genetics.
Despite the striking smell, many people actually enjoy eating the fruit. However, not all durian species are edible, and some of them may even cause damage to our health, Even so, the fruit is often imported, significantly contributing to the economy.
1.What give durian its unique smell?
A. Onions nearby.
B. Two gene copies.
C. Rotten ingredients in it.
D. Volatile sulfur compounds.
2.What does the underlined word “evolved” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?
A. Developed.
B. Escaped.
C. Predicted.
D. Tolerated.
3.What can we infer from the text?
A. No birds enjoy eating durian.
B. Durian can be planted all over the world.
C. Some of durian species can not be eaten.
D. Durian has no relationship with the cacao tree.
4.What’s the best title for the text?
A. What’s Durian?
B. The Influence of the Smell
C. The Distribution of Durian
D. The Mystery of the Unpleasant Smell of Durian
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
For Americans, a mosquito bite is an itchy bother. But for many in Africa, a tiny bite can be deadly. One million people die each year of malaria, a disease spread by infected mosquitoes. Most of these people live in Africa, and are under age 5.
Malaria can be prevented and treated. However, many African nations don't have the funds to fight it. Nothing but Nets (NBN) hopes to change that. The United Nations Foundation created the campaign in 2006. The aim is to prevent malaria by covering sleeping areas with nets. Hanging bed nets treated with insecticide(杀虫剂) is the simplest way to stop mosquitoes from biting at night. The chemicals last four to five years. For $10, anyone can send a net to Africa and help save a life.
So far, NBN has raised $19 million and delivered 700,000 nets to seven countries. Families are taught how to use the nets. Kids also get vaccines (疫苗)and vitamins. "Women line up for miles to get the medicine for their kids," says NBN director Elizabeth McKee Gore. "They understand the importance."
So do kids in this country. "They get so excited thinking of ways to raise money," says NBN spokesperson and basketball star Ruth Riley.
NBN's biggest fund-raiser is Katherine Commale, 7. She's been spreading the information about bed nets for the past two years. To show how they work, she and her brother made a video. "We teach that bed nets can save lives," she said.
Katherine has raised $42,000 for NBN. "She just wants those who need a net to have one," says her mom, Lynda. "It's pretty simple to her." To find out how you can help, visit nothingbutnets.net.
1.We know from the passage that NBN is in fact _________.
A. a deadly disease B. an organization
C. a piece of equipment D. a game
2.The purpose of the passage is most probably ___________.
A. to list the sufferings of the African people
B. to introduce new ways to avoid mosquito bites
C. to call on people to offer their help to Africans
D. to tell people how to buy nets in Africa
3. By saying “So do kids in this country” in Paragraph 4,the author means that kids in this country also ___________.
A. know the importance of the bed nets
B. know how to protect themselves
C. lack nets to protect themselves
D. suffer from malaria
4. What do we know about Katherine from the passage?
A. She set up the website nothingbutnets.net.
B. She is the youngest money-raiser for NBN.
C. She raised money by making and selling videos.
D. She started working for NBN at the age of 5.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Is language, like food, a basic human need? Judging from the extreme experiment of Frederick in the 13th century, it may be. Hoping to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the babies died before the first year. But clearly there was more than language deprivation (剥夺,丧失). What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, in the first year of life especially, the ability to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such extreme deprivation exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to signals of the baby, whose brain is programmed, to mop up language rapidly. There are critical times, it seems when children learn more rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again.
Linguists suggest that speech milestones are reached in a fixed order and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech has started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ.
Recent evidence suggests that a baby is born with the ability to speak. What is special about man’s brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a teddy bear with the sound pattern “teddy bear”.
But speech has to be developed, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child’s babbling, clinging, grasping, crying, smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals reduces the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out only the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child’s nonverbal (非语言的) signals is basic to the growth and development of language.
1.Frederick’s experiment was extreme because _________.
A.he wanted to prove children are born with ability to speak
B.he wanted his nurses to say another language
C.he was unkind to the nurses
D.he ignored the importance of mothering to the babies
2.The reason that some children are backward in speaking is most likely that _________.
A.they do not listen carefully to their mothers
B.their mothers do not respond to their attempts to speak
C.their brain has to absorb too much language at once
D.their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them
3.In paragraph 3, by “critical times” the author means _________.
A.difficult periods in the child’s life
B.moments when the child becomes critical towards its mother
C.important stages in the child’s development
D.times when mothers often neglect their children
4.If a child starts to speak later than others, he will _________ in future.
A.have a high IQ B.be less intelligent
C.not necessarily be backward D.be insensitive to verbal signals
5.If the mother seldom responds to her child’s signals, _________.
A.the child will be able to speak properly
B.the child will continue to give out signals
C.the child will invent a language of own
D.the child will make little effort to speak
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析