Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas .A. flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A. tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack, In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away- or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects, But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage – by insects or with a hole punch – had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A. device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareve, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by______.
A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals
2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops..
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e –nose is that it can ______.
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
高三英语阅读理解困难题
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas .A. flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A. tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack, In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away- or even chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they’re attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detest whether plants are being eaten by insects, But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).
The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage – by insects or with a hole punch – had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A. device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareve, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by______.
A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals
2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops..
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e –nose is that it can ______.
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ——or even Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor(传感器)called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.
1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____.
A. making some sounds B. waving their leaves
C. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals
2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?
A. They presented it with all common crops.
B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.
C. They collected different damaged leaves.
D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.
3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___.
A. pick out ripe fruits
B. spot the insects quickly
C. distinguish different damages to the leaves
D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____.
A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers
B. is not yet used in greenhouses
C. is designed by scientists at Purdue
D. is helpful in killing harmful insects
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Because plants cannot move or talk, most people believe that they have no feelings and that they cannot receive signals from outside. However, this may not be completely true.
People who studied plants have found out that plants carry a small electrical charge (电荷). It is possible to measure this charge with a small piece of equipment called “galvanometer”. The galvanometer is placed on a leaf off the plant, and it records any changes in the electrical field of the leaf. Humans have a similar field which can change when we are shocked or frightened.
A man called Backster used a galvanometer for his studies of plants and was very surprised at his results. He found that if he had two or more plants in a room and he began to destroy one of them - perhaps by pulling off its leaves or by pulling it out of its pot - then the galvanometer on the leaves of the other plants showed a change in the electrical field. It seemed as if the plants were signalling a feeling of shock. This happened not only when Backster started to destroy plants, but also when he destroyed other living things such as insects (昆虫).
Backster said that the plants also knew if someone had destroyed a living thing some distance away, because they signalled when a man who had just cut down a tree entered the room.
Another scientist, named Sauvin, achieved similar results to Backster’s. He kept galvanometers fixed to his plants all the time and checked regularly to see what the plants were doing. If he was out of the office, he telephoned to find out about the signals the plants were sending. In this way, he found that the plants were sending out signals at the exact times when he felt strong pleasure or pain. In fact, Sauvin could cause a change in the electrical field of his plants over a distance of a few miles simply by thinking about them.
1.Backster was surprised at the results of his studies because _____.
A.he destroyed an insect |
B.he destroyed a plant by pulling off its leaves |
C.he found that plants could express feelings of shock |
D.he found that plants could move and speak after all |
2.The plants sent out signals _____.
A.only when Backster Started to destroy plants |
B.when Backster destroyed plants or other living things |
C.only when he destroyed things such as insects |
D.only when Backster placed the galvanometer on the leaves of the plants |
3.The scientist called Sauvin _____.
A.did not agree with Backster’s ideas |
B.did not get the same sort of results as Backster did |
C.got different results from Backster’s |
D.found out some of the same things that Backster did |
4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The electrical charge plants carry may shock or frighten us. |
B.A tree will signal when it has been cut down. |
C.Sauvin could make his plants send out signals some distance away. |
D.Plants have feelings because they can receive signals without moving. |
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2013·宿州模拟)QQ, you can chat with your friends, makes communication easy.
A. as B. which C. that D. where
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
QQ,________ you can chat with your friends, makes communication easy.
A.as B.which C.that D.where
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
QQ,________ you can chat with your friends, makes communication easy.
A.as B.which C.that D.where
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
QQ,________ you can chat with your friends, makes communication easy.
A.as B.which C.that D.where
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
209. Very loud ______ can make people ill, or even drive them mad.
A.voices | B.sounds | C.noise | D.Noises |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
It was indeed an accident, but you make it sound as if I did it______!
A. on my own B. by accident C. on purpose D. by hand
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
When you make a mistake,big or small,cherish it as it’s the most precious thing in the world.
Most of us feel bad when we make mistakes,beat ourselves up about it,feel like failures,and get mad at ourselves.
And that’s only natural:Most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad,and we should try to avoid mistakes.We’ve been scolded when we make mistakes—at home,school and work.Maybe not always,but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
Yet without mistakes,we could not learn or grow.If you think about it that way,mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world:They make learning possible;they make growth and improvement possible.
By trial and error—trying things,making mistakes,and learning from those mistakes—we have figured out how to make electric lights,to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel,and to fly.
Mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler,make speech possible,and make works of genius possible.
Think about how we learn:We don’t just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it.You don’t just read about painting,or writing,or computer programming,or baking,or playing the piano,and know how to do them fight away.Instead,you get information about something,from reading or from another person or from observing usually...then you construct a model in your mind...then you test it out by trying it in the real world...then you make mistakes...then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation...and repeat,making mistakes,learning from those mistakes,until you’ve pretty much learned how to do something.
That’s how we learn as babies and toddlers,and how we learn as adults.Mistakes are how we learn to do something new—because if you succeed in something,it’s probably something you already knew how to do.You haven’t really grown much from that success—at most it’s the last step on your journey,not the whole journey.Most of the journey is made up of mistakes,if it’s a good journey.
So if you value learning,if you value growing and improving,then you should value mistakes.They are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.
1.Why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?
A.Because mistakes make us suffer a lot.
B.Because it’s a natural part in our life.
C.Because we’ve been taught so from a young age.
D.Because mistakes have ruined many people’s careers.
2.According to the passage,what is the right attitude to mistakes?
A.We should try to avoid making mistakes.
B.We should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.
C.We should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.
D.We should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.
3.The underlined word “toddler” in Paragraph 6 probably means________.
A.a small child learning to walk
B.a kindergarten child learning to draw
C.a primary pupil learning to read
D.a school teenager learning to write
4.We can learn from the passage that________.
A.most of us can really grow from success
B.growing and improving are based on mistakes
C.we learn to make mistakes by trial and error
D.we read about something and know how to do it right away
5.The author wants to tell us________.
A.what you should do when meeting with difficulties
B.where you can find your mistakes
C.how you can avoid making mistakes
D.why you should celebrate your mistakes
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析