Some years ago, a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together.Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building.The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them.However, her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later, psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman.His interview produced a breakthrough—the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects.The important information enabled the police to arrest the suspect and close the case.
The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive (认知) interview, a kind of memory-rebuilding process.Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall part of the relevant information.Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress.But a person's accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques.The "cognitive interview" was developed in the late 1990s.It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions.The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions.The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques, such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives(角度).
The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything that comes to mind about those events, no matter how broken it is retelling events in a variety of time orders, such as from beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.
Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same.It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony (证词).
1.
The purpose of the passage is to _____.
A.give an account of a murder case
B.introduce an idea of cognitive interview
C.prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview
D.help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview
2.
What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness?
A.The exact time at which a murder took place.
B.The information about the event in the time order.
C.The important things that come to his or her mind.
D.The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event.
3.
The key point in a cognitive interview is that
A.the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information
B.the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time
C.the interview should take place outside the police station
D.the witness should recall details at the scene of the event
4.
The underlined word "distorted" in the passage probably means " ____
A.arranged B.balanced C. changed D.examined
高二英语阅读理解简单题
Some years ago, a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together.Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building.The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them.However, her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later, psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman.His interview produced a breakthrough—the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects.The important information enabled the police to arrest the suspect and close the case.
The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive(认知) interview, a kind of memory - rebuilding process.Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall part of the relevant information.Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress.But a person's accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques.The "cognitive interview" was developed in the late 1990s.It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions.The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions.The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques, such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives (角度) .
The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything that connects to mind about those events, no matter how broken it is retelling events in a variety of time orders, such as from beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.
Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same.It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony (证词).
1.The purpose of the passage is to _____.
A.give an account of a murder case.
B.introduce an idea of cognitive interview.
C.prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview.
D.help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview.
2.What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness?
A.The exact time at which a murder took place.
B.The information about the event in the time order.
C.The important things that come to his or her mind.
D.The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event.
3.The key point in a cognitive interview is that________.
A.the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information.
B.the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time.
C.the interview should take place outside the police station.
D.the witness should recall details at the scene of the event.
4.The underlined word "distorted" in the passage probably means " ____
A.arranged B.balanced C.changed D.examined
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Some years ago, a Miami woman walking through an office building noticed two men standing together.Several minutes after her leaving, the men murdered a person working in the building.The police determined that the woman was the only witness and could possibly describe them.However, her memory of the men proved disappointingly unclear.Several days later, psychologist Ronald Fisher was brought in to obtain a more complete account from the woman.His interview produced a breakthrough—the woman reported a clear picture of one of the suspects.The important information enabled the police to arrest the suspect and close the case.
The police asked Fisher for help because of his rich knowledge in cognitive (认知) interview, a kind of memory-rebuilding process.Memory researchers have found that people trying to remember a past event often only recall part of the relevant information.Human memory is selective and it is often distorted by stress.But a person's accurate recall of an event or understanding of a question can be improved using specific interviewing techniques.The "cognitive interview" was developed in the late 1990s.It encourages the witness to take an active role in recalling information rather than giving answers only to someone else's questions.The witness first describes what happened in his or her own words, with no interviewer interruptions.The interviewer then goes further with specific techniques, such as having the witness tell the details of what happened from different perspectives(角度).
The cognitive interview focuses on guiding witnesses through four general recalling techniques: thinking about physical surroundings and personal feelings that existed at the time of past events; reporting everything that comes to mind about those events, no matter how broken it is retelling events in a variety of time orders, such as from beginning to end, end to beginning, forward or backward; and adopting different perspectives while recalling events.
Experiments with police detectives trained in this demanding interview method find that they obtain nearly 50% more information from witnesses than before training, while error rates remain about the same.It is proved that cognitive interviews are quite important tools in improving the accuracy and completeness of witness testimony (证词).
1.
The purpose of the passage is to _____.
A.give an account of a murder case
B.introduce an idea of cognitive interview
C.prove Fisher was an expert in cognitive interview
D.help a witness to recall information in a cognitive interview
2.
What is required to recall in a cognitive interview for a witness?
A.The exact time at which a murder took place.
B.The information about the event in the time order.
C.The important things that come to his or her mind.
D.The surroundings and feelings at the time of the event.
3.
The key point in a cognitive interview is that
A.the witness is encouraged to take part in recalling information
B.the interviewer should interrupt the witness from time to time
C.the interview should take place outside the police station
D.the witness should recall details at the scene of the event
4.
The underlined word "distorted" in the passage probably means " ____
A.arranged B.balanced C. changed D.examined
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, 36I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent.Moreover, my37of foreign languages was38to a little college French.
I39.How would I,unable to speak the language and totally40with local geography or transportation systems,41interviews and do research? It seemed42,and with much regret I sat down to write a letter begging43.Halfway through,a thought ran through my mind:you can’t learn if you don’t44.So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad news. But by the time I had45the trip I was an experienced 46.And ever since,I have never hesitated to47for even the most remote places,without guides or even48bookings,confident that somehow I will49.
The point is that the new,the50,is almost by definition scary.But each time you try 51,you learn,and as the learning piles up,the world52to you.
I’ve53to ski at 40,and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon.And I know I’ll go on doing such things.It’s not because I’m54or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for55and I believe I can accomplish wonders.
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高二英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been __36__ a couple of times, but I could hardly __37__ to know my ways around the continent. __38__, my knowledge of foreign languages was __39__ to a little college French.
I __40__. How would I, unable to speak the language, __41__ familiar with local geography or transportation systems, conduct interviews and do __42__? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __43__ I sat down to write a letter rejecting the __44__. Halfway through, a __45__ ran through my mind: you can’t learn if you don't try. So I __46__ the assignment.
There were some bad __47__. But by the time I had finished the trip, I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most __48__ places, without guides or __49__ advanced bookings, confident that somehow I will __50__.
The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __51__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning __52__, the world opens to you.
I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a (n) __53__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept worry as another name for __54 __ and I believe I can __55__ wonders.
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高二英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe.I had been abroad a couple of times, 36I could hardly claim to know my way around the continent.Moreover, my37of foreign languages was38to a little college French.
I39.How would I,unable to speak the language and totally40with local geography or transportation systems,41interviews and do research? It seemed42,and with much regret I sat down to write a letter begging43.Halfway through,a thought ran through my mind:you can’t learn if you don’t44.So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad news. But by the time I had45the trip I was an experienced 46.And ever since,I have never hesitated to47for even the most remote places,without guides or even48bookings,confident that somehow I will49.
The point is that the new,the50,is almost by definition scary.But each time you try 51,you learn,and as the learning piles up,the world52to you.
I’ve53to ski at 40,and flown up the Rhine River in a balloon.And I know I’ll go on doing such things.It’s not because I’m54or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for55and I believe I can accomplish wonders.
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高二英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Years ago, I worked in an office in Halifax. We had large windows overlooking a busy street. I stood by one of them. When a woman in a passing car __36__and made eye contact, naturally, I __37__.
It was the beginning of a year of window antics(古怪行径). When things were __38 _, I stood in the window and waved at the passengers who looked up. And this made me laugh- work __39__ was washed away. It didn't __40__ long to attract the following - a man with a construction truck, the carpool crowd and the business lady with her children…. When waving became ___41___, I made signs: "Hi!", "Hello!", "Be Happy!" I ___42__ them in the window and waved.
Christmas approached. Job cuts were announced. Several co-workers would ___43___their jobs. Stress reached a high point. Everyone was ___44__. We needed something to break the tension. While working a night __45 _, a red lab jacket __46_ my attention. I used my __47__ and turned it into a Santa’s costume. The next day my co-workers gathered around me and __48 _for the first time in weeks. Just then my boss walked through the door. He looked up, saw me, paused, __49__ his head, turned and left.
I __50_ trouble. The phone on the desk rang. It was my boss. "Mike, come to my office!" Entering his office, I felt nervous. "Mike... "That was all he managed to say. Tears _51__ in his eyes, as I sat silent and confused. When he regained __52_ , he said, "Thanks, Mike! With the job cuts, it's been hard to enjoy the __53__season. Thanks for the laugh, I needed it.”
That evening, and every evening of the Christmas season, I stood __54__ in the window and waved to my __55_ . The bus crowd waved wildly, and the little children smiled at the strange Santa. My heart filled with joy. For a few minutes each day, we could forget the loss of jobs.
1. A.speeded up B.broke down C.looked up D.pulled though
2. A.shouted B.hid C.left D.waved
3. A.slow B.bad C.right D.important
4. A.pleasure B.stress C.experience D.challenge
5. A.spend B.take C.cost D.pay
6. A.encouraging B.embarrassing C.moving D.boring
7. A.saw B.read C.posted D.painted
8. A.lose B.seek C.finish D.take
9. A.terrified B.satisfied C.depressed D.exhausted
10. A.class B.shift C.club D.party
11. A.pulled B.attracted C.deserved D.attacked
12. A.imagination B.relation C.experience D.strategy
13. A.spoke B.laughed C.acted D.returned
14. A.nodded B.shook C.raised D.lower
15. A.took B.put C.feared D.avoid
16. A.fell B.formed C.dried D.disappeared
17. A.confidence B.balance C.control D.strength
18. A.Labor B.Christmas C.Thanksgiving D.National
19. A.luckily B.eagerly C.proudly D.naturally
20. A.boss B.children C.co-workers D.fans
高二英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Many years ago, I was working in an office in Halifax, Nova Scotia. We had large ________ that look out over a busy street. I was standing by one of those windows one day when a woman in a ________ car looked up and made eye contact. Naturally I _______. As she turned and tried to identify me, a quiet laugh_________my lips. My co-workers began taking an interest, and stood back watching the _________ I received, and laughing happily. Then the stress of work was _________ away.
Christmas approached, and job ________ were announced. Several of my co-workers were losing their jobs, and everyone was _________. While I was working a night shift, a red jacket , a box of foam packing and strips of tape in the corner caught my __________. They could be Santa’s jacket and beard! Then I folded a red file into a hat and tied the _________ to it. With the red jacket , a Santa’s Costume appeared.
The next day I walked _______down into the office in the costume. My co-workers ________around me and laughed for the first time in weeks. Suddenly, my boss came to me, _______, shook his head and then left. I feared________. Then the phone rang.
With a bead of sweat __________ my forehead, I entered the boss’ office . _________, he laughed: “Thanks, Mike! It’s been hard to enjoy the Christmas season. Thanks for the laugh. I _________it.”
That evening, I stood ______ by the window and waved at my fans, with my heart ________ with joy. For a few minutes of that day, we’d been able to forget our __________.
1.A. balcony B. windows C. roof D. curtain
2.A. working B. wandering C. passing D. following
3.A. waved B. welcomed C. shouted D. shook
4.A. obtained B. locked C. grasped D. escaped
5.A. concerns B. feelings C. responses D. actions
6.A. given B. turned C. washed D. put
7.A. loads B. time C. arrangement D. cuts
8.A. depressed B. excited C. confused D. awkward
9.A. notice B. attention C. appreciation D. consideration
10.A. jacket B. tie C. vest D. beard
11.A. sadly B. nervously C. embarrassedly D. bravely
12.A. got B. gathered C. turned D. presented
13.A. approached B. backed off C. stepped in D. paused
14.A. responsibility B. difficulty C. trouble D. mistake
15.A. pulling B. rolling down C. flowing D. moving on
16.A. lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However
17.A. needed B. claimed C. declared D. shared
18.A. proudly B. carefully C. hopefully D. silently
19.A. filled B. covered C. equipped D. loaded
20.A. weakness B. faults C. losses D. changes
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
A few years ago, an elderly woman entered my video store, along with her daughter. The_______was displaying a serious case of impatience, _______her watch every few seconds. If she had possessed a leash(绳子), her mother would have been_______to it as a means of pulling her along to_______the rush of other shoppers.
I walked over and asked_______I could help her find something. The woman smiled up at me and showed me a_______on a piece of paper._______rushing off to find the DVD for the woman, I asked her to_______with me so I could show her where she could find it and I wanted to enjoy her_______for a moment. As we walked along the back of the store, I________its floor plan: old television shows, action movies, cartoons, science fiction. The woman seemed glad of the unrushed “trip” and________conversation.
I said to her daughter, “________some advice?” “Of course not,” said the daughter. “Cherish(珍爱)________,” I said. “When she’s gone, it’s the little________that come back to you. Times like this. I know.” It was________.I still missed my mom and remembered the times when I'd used my impatience to make her________.
Together they made their way toward the store's resting area. They sat there for a moment, side by side, ________the holiday crowds. Then the daughter glanced over and immediately________her mother lovingly. And slowly she placed her arm with________unaccustomed affection around her mother's shoulders and________guided her back into the crowd.
1.A. mother B. daughter C. merchant D. waitress
2.A. checking B. fixing C. adjusting D. removing
3.A. accustomed B. fastened C. applied D. devoted
4.A. get along with B. break away from C. keep pace with D. make way for
5.A. why B. when C. how D. if
6.A. receipt B. ticket C. title D. tip
7.A. Rather than B. Regardless of C. Apart from D. As to
8.A. jog B. trade C. walk D. communicate
9.A. company B. time C. stay D. holiday
10.A. corrected B. described C. appreciated D. blamed
11.A. attractive B. convincing C. serious D. casual
12.A. Offer B. Lack C. Mind D. Prepare
13.A. me B. her C. yourself D. it
14.A. chances B. feelings C. moments D. presents
15.A. true B. appropriate C. reasonable D. possible
16.A. puzzled B. astonished C. desperate D. upset
17.A. observing B. expecting C. approaching D. evaluating
18.A. watched B. recognized C. attended to D. brought back
19.A. basically B. apparently C. gradually D. suddenly
20.A. smoothly B. accidentally C. randomly D. gently
高二英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析
I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased(亡故的)woman said to me, “If only I sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died. ”At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to his tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
1.The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because____.
A.he was minister of the local church | B.he wanted to comfort the two families |
C.he was an official from the community | D.he had great pity for the deceased |
2.People feel guilty for the death of their loved ones because ____.
A.they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow. |
B.they had neglected the natural course of events |
C.they believed that they were responsible |
D.they didn’t know things often turn in the opposite direction |
3.According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that _____
A.everything in the world is predetermined |
B.there’s an explanation for everything in the world |
C.the world can be interpreted in different ways |
D.we have to be sensible in order to understand the world |
4. What’s the idea of the message?
A.Life and death is an unsolved mystery |
B.Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault |
C.Every story should have a happy ending |
D.In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away |
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years”, as the Bible would say .Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁)calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased woman said to me, ”If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died. ”At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today .That long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate ,was more than she could take.It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course------keeping mother at home, putting off the operation----would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs,and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to his tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him,and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we don not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.
1.The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because_______.
A.he was minister of the local church
B.he wanted to comfort the two families
C.he was an official of the community
D.he had great pity for the deceased
2.People feel guilty for the death of their loved ones because________.
A.they can’t find a better way of express their sorrow
B.they have neglected the natural course of events
C.they believe that they were the reason
D.the don’t know things often turn in the opposite direction
3.According to the main passage, the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably means that________.
A.everything in the world is predetermined
B.there’s an explanation for everything in the world
C.the world can be interpreted in different ways
D.we have to be sensible in order to understand the world
4.What’s the main idea of the message?
A .Life and death is an unsolved mystery.
B. Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault.
C Every story should have a happy ending.
D. In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析