There is no denying that some people live to be older than others. Followed are the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity (长寿）？ Are there any kinds of personalities contributing to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at these questions by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
According to the study, those who live the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic(神经质的）than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother's personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn't destiny, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
1.The purpose of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is .
A. to see whether people’s personality affects their life span
B. to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health
C. to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D. to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
2.What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A. They have a good understanding of evolution. B. They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C. They are more likely to get over hardship. D. They generally appear more resourceful.
3.What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A. Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B. Such characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
C. Advantageous personality characteristics actually vary with times.
D. Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
4.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Anger and depression cut one’s life span short. B. Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.
C. Personality plays a decisive role in longevity. D. Longevity results from mental and physical health
高二英语阅读理解简单题
There is no denying that some people live to be older than others. Followed are the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity (长寿）？ Are there any kinds of personalities contributing to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at these questions by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
According to the study, those who live the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic(神经质的）than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother's personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28, 000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn't destiny, and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
1.The purpose of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is .
A. to see whether people’s personality affects their life span
B. to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their health
C. to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D. to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
2.What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A. They have a good understanding of evolution. B. They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C. They are more likely to get over hardship. D. They generally appear more resourceful.
3.What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?
A. Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.
B. Such characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.
C. Advantageous personality characteristics actually vary with times.
D. Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.
4.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Anger and depression cut one’s life span short. B. Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.
C. Personality plays a decisive role in longevity. D. Longevity results from mental and physical health
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Why do some people live to be older than others?You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise,etc.But what effect does your personality have on your longevity?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives?A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing,more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people.Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span.These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly,however,other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer.Those who were more self-disciplined,for instance,were no more likely to live to be very old.Also,being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life,which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate.But the new paper suggests that if you want long life,you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately,another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity.That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious,depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets.Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults,which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn’t destiny(命运),and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change.But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
1.What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation？
A. Helpful people can live a relatively long life.
B. Readiness to accept new ideas offer more possibility to enjoy longevity.
C. Being self-discipline makes no difference to longevity.
D. Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.
2.According to the author,outgoing and sympathctic people _______.
A. have a good understanding of evolution. B. are more likely to recover from hardship.
C. are probably more active and neurotic. D. generally appear more resourceful.
3.What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show？
A. Children’s personality characteristics are always shared by their mothers.
B. People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die at a young age.
C. Mothers’ may have a longer influence on children than fathers’.
D. Mothers’ ancient may affect their children’s life spans.
4.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies？
A. A mixture of mental and physical health produces longevity.
B. A person’s lifestyle is largely related to his or her health.
C. Personality plays a decisive and significant role in how healthy one is.
D. Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
There is no denying the fact that as one grows older, one’s memory __________.
A. refuses B. declines C. decreases D. Falls
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
There is one thing that everyone wants more than anything else .Some people try to get it by making money .They think that when they have enough money to buy such things as houses ,arms ,and cars ,they will have the one thing that everyone wants .
Other people believe that if they know enough, they will find this thing .They study all their lives in search of it .Still others think that if they have power, they will find this thing .They keep telling themselves: When I am a boss, I will no longer have to search for this thing.
What is it that everyone wants more than anything else? What is it that all of us keep working and searching for each day? It is happiness.
Happiness is a strange thing .It does not mean the same to all men .What will make one man happy may not make another man happy .Some men say that happiness comes from helping others ,other men say that happiness comes from making life more pleasant for everyone .What do you mean when you say“That makes me happy.”
Read what different people have said about happiness .Perhaps you will learn something that will bring you peace of mind ,comfort ,money or may bring you what you search for happiness.
1.The main idea of this passage is that ________
| A．happiness means the same to everyone |
| B．happiness is the thing that everyone wants to get |
| C．money makes one happy, so does helping others |
| D．not all people are searching for happiness |
2.The first sentence in the second paragraph means ________
| A．other people think if they know a lot they will be able to get enough money and that will make them happy |
| B．other people think it true that knowledge will bring them enough money |
| C．other people hold the opinion that the less they know, the happier they are |
| D．other people hold the opinion that if they become knowledgeable enough they will feel happy |
3.“What will make one man happy may not make another man happy ”this sentence means
________
| A．when one man feels happy, another man will feel sad |
| B．when one man feels happy, another man will feel happy, too |
| C．different people hold different opinions about happiness |
| D．different people have the same opinion about happiness |
4.Which of the following is NOT true according to this passage?
| A．Anyone who owns lots of money will feel happy |
| B．Not all the people in the world would help others |
| C．What makes one happy may make another sad |
| D．All the people in the world work and search for happiness. |
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A little-known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.
It is a surprising fact that the population aging is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the rate of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.
What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk? One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability. Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.
Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not make sure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change.
Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination in employment. Life-long learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country's development.
Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.
1.The rate of older people________.
A. is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries
B. is one-seventh of the population in developing countries
C. will increase much faster in China than in France
D. will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020
2.According to passage, which of the following are governments most worried about?
A. The diseases and disability of older people
B. The longer life and good health of people.
C. The loss of taxes on older people.
D. The increasing respect for older people.
3.Which of the following measure is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?
A. Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.
B. Supplying life-long learning programs to older people.
C. Making sure adequate income protection for older people.
D. Providing free health care for sick older people.
4.The author concludes in the last paragraph that ________.
A. governments have spent lots of time in solving the aging problem
B. population aging is a hard problem, but it needs to be solved urgently
C. people are too busy to solve the population aging problem
D. much time and effort will be lost in solving the aging problem
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
There’s a trend that more city people decide that they want to grow crops and raise some live-stock (家禽). After all, there are few things more satisfying than biting into a bunch of tender, red carrots you grow yourself, or a fresh egg from the backyard.
Most gardeners understand that the soil in big cities is often polluted with lead and know to get their soil tested. But most are pretty clueless about how to prevent other types of pollutants, like heavy metals and asbestos(石棉)from getting into their vegetables.
Part of the problem is that “there might be pollutants that gardeners can’t test for,” says Brent Kim, a program officer. Most soil tests look for lead, cadrniunt(镉)and arsenic(砷). But they don’t test things like chemicals left behind by cars, which might have escaped into the soil.
So if you’re thinking of staring an urban garden, Kim says, once you’ve found a plot of land, you should learn what’s now an empty plot or a backyard might once have been a parking lot, a gas station or a chemical ground. “Knowing its past will give you some idea about what might be in that soil,” he says.
“People tend to think raised beds are going to solve their pollution problem,” Kim says. But polluted soil could easily kicked onto your plants, especially if the beds are low to the ground.
“Another consideration is that you have to be careful about the materials that you’re using to build a raised bed,” Kim says. Recycling wood from an old construction site might seem like a good, eco-friendly idea. But that wood could be treated with chemicals you don’t want touching your fruits and veggies, Kim says. And it’s always a good idea to use gloves while gardening, and wash all your produce thoroughly.
“I see these urban growing spaces as these oases(绿洲)in the middle of these urban environments,” Kim says. “They bring communities together, and they help people save money on fresh produce. Urban growing spaces are amazing. Let’s keep doing this, but let’s do it safely.”
1.What does the underlined word “clueless” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. unaware B. careless
C. helpless D. considerate
2.What should you do when starting an urban garden?
A. Build it on a parking lot B. Keep it low to the ground
C. Know the history of the ground D. Use recycled wood to build it
3.What do we know about the raise beds from the text?
A. They are free from some tests B. Their plants can be poisoned
C. They are environment-friendly D. Their materials are all recycled
4.What is the main idea of the text?
A. More fresh vegetables are produced by urban gardeners
B. Growing vegetables become a fashion in big cities
C. Big cities are short of soil for growing fresh produce
D. Urban gardeners may not realize the seriousness of polluted soil
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Some people may say a hero is someone older than you, someone you personally know, someone who has done something everyone knows about, etc. I don’t think a hero necessarily has to be an older person or a close friend or a family member. My hero is younger than me, but we are related. His name is Marcus. He is my cousin. He isn’t necessarily a wise person or someone who does something great every day, but he has taught me to appreciate some of the simple things in life.
I am now in 11th grade. When I was in 8th grade, Marcus had a brain tumor (脑瘤) which had to be removed. Thankfully the tumor was benign (良性的). When the doctors removed it Marcus lost his sight. He felt down only once. Ever since then, he has been an extremely happy second-grader. He is very typical of a nine-year-old. He likes to tell jokes, play new games, and he likes to play tricks on people, just like children at his age. I love spending time with him. We go to movies whenever there is a good one and look after him every chance I get.
I say that Marcus helps to appreciate the simple thing in life. He doesn’t have his sight and that causes me to realize how lucky I am to be able to see, to walk, and to talk. I can do everything I need to. If everyone could see how happy and satisfied Marcus is and how much he makes everyone around him happy, then they might just be able to better appreciate the simple things in life.
1.It can be inferred that the author has_________.
A. the same idea about heroes as others
B. a different idea about heroes from others
C. the idea that a hero must be older
D. the idea that a hero must be a close friend
2.Why does the author consider his cousin as a hero?
A. Because his cousin is a very wise person..
B. Because his cousin does great things every day.
C. Because his cousin teaches him how to enjoy a simple life.
D. Because his cousin teaches him to live a rich life.
3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Marcus looks older than his age.
B. Marcus isn’t nine years old at all.
C. Marcus is different from the other students.
D. Marcus is the same as the other children at his age.
4.What makes the author think himself lucky?
A. Marcus’ simple life. B. Marcus’ serious illness.
C. Marcus’ blindness. D. Marcus’ recovery.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Robots industry is developing so rapidly that there is no denying that we may one day find ourselves surrounded by robots.
The humanoid (human like) robots with two legs such as Honda Motor Co. Ltd’s ASIMO would likely have an easier time climbing up stairs inside homes than a robot that moves on wheels, developers say.
But it will be some time before such devices make their way into people’s homes.
“They may look smart, but they are still quite stupid,” Shimoyama said. “I don’t think they will ever be as smart as humans.”
While safety is an obvious concern, robots also need to be sensitive to people’s needs.
Researchers at Fujitsu Frontech Ltd and Fujitsu Laboratories responsible for developing “Enon”, a guide and patrol (巡逻) robot designed for use in shopping malls and corporate facilities (公共场所), are working on this.
Enon, which has a humanoid upper body but no legs, is equipped with a touch screen on its chest and space in its stomach to carry loads weighting up to 10 kg.
In guide mode, it will check a newcomer and approach the person with a nod and a greeting: “Are you a visitor? Hello.”
Visitors requiring directions can point to icons (图标) displayed on Enon’s chest screen. If the restroom icon is pressed, the screen will display a map that shows the way.
The robot will then face and point in the direction of the restroom, although it won’t actually walk the visitor there.
Enon is now in use at four locations in Japan, including a shopping mall near Tokyo. The main goal is to make it more helpful for the elderly.
“People who work in the transportation sector often ask whether we can build a robot that will find elderly people who look lost in train stations, and ask them if they are all right,” said Toshihido Marita, director of Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd’s autonomous system laboratory. “Actually that is hard to do, very hard,” he said.
1.The advantage of Honda Motor Co. Ltd’s ASIMO is that _________.
A. it can do any housework for us
B. it can talk with patients or old people
C. it can climb up stairs as humans
D. it can walk smoothly with its wheels
2. According to Shimoyama, robots _________.
A. can be made to do everything humans do
B. will be made as smart as humans in the future
C. will remain as stupid as before
D. can never compete with humans in intelligence
3.Most important of all, a robot should be made _________ at present.
A. safe and elegant B. safe and functional
C. elegant and cheap D. sensitive and cheap
4.Which of the following statements about “Enon” is NOT true?
A. It can be used as a guide in hospitals.
B. It can help shoppers carry goods selected.
C. It can be used to welcome guests in restaurants.
D. It can be used to stop thieves in malls.
5.Enon is mainly designed to help _________.
A. old people B. mall owners C. tourists or newcomers D. shoppers
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Some people state they never forget a face. But what does that saying mean? Is there really no limit to the number of faces a person can remember?
A new study has found that, on average, people can remember as many as 5,000 faces. That number comes from a group of researchers at the University of York in England, There have been many studies recently on facial recognition. But the authors of this study say theirs is the first time that scientists have been able to put a number to the abilities of humans to recognize faces.
During the study, people spent one hour writing down as many faces from their personal lives as possible, Then, they wrote down famous faces they know, such as actors, politicians and other public people. The results showed that the participants knew between 1,000 and 10,000 faces, which is very shocking to the researchers. Rob Jenkins, coauthor of the study, said one explanation about it may be that some people have a natural ability for remembering faces. He also said it could be because of different social environments. Some people may have grown up in more populated places. So they may have had more social contact throughout their lives.
The ability to tell individual people apart is “clearly important.” In today’s modern world of big cities, televisions and social media, we meet thousands of people. Our facial recognition abilities help us to deal with the many different faces we see on the screens, as well as those we know.
The people in the study included 25 men and women. They are between 18 and 61 years old. “It would be interesting to see whether there is a peak age for the number of faces we know”, Jenkins said it is possible that we gather more faces throughout our lifetime. But, he added, there also may be an age at which we start to find it harder to remember all of those faces.
1.How is the study different from the previous ones?
A. It is the first study on facial recognition.
B. The study includes participants of all ages.
C. It lists the number of faces people can recognize.
D. Participants could only recognize faces from personal lives.
2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The difference of social environments.
B. People’s natural ability to learn.
C. The wide range of the numbers.
D. The necessity of facial recognition.
3.What will the researchers probably focus on after this study?
A. Why older people remember more faces.
B. When people can remember the most faces.
C. Whether people’s ability to remember faces is necessary.
D. How our ability to remember faces vary at different ages.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Human Beings Never Forget a Face
B. Face Recognition Benefits Humans
C. The Key to Remembering More Faces
D. The Brain Remembers Thousands of Faces
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Hamburgers, French fries，potato chips, popcorn, and pizza. There is no denying (否认) that these foods are tasty. But often, it’s the added salt that makes you desire them. Thus, US kids are eating too much salty food.
Table salt is about 40% sodium(钠). Our bodies need some sodium to work properly. But too much of it is not healthy. The salt bottle is to blame for just 11% of the sodium kids consume. The rest has been added to food before it even reaches the table. The following shows how much sodium is packed into a typical turkey-and-cheese sandwich.
A turkey sandwich can pack a big sodium punch. Add a teaspoon of mustard (芥末) and the total rises to 1,522 milligrams (mg). Kids aged 9 to 13 should get no more than 2,200 mg each day. This can raise blood pressure, which in turn can lead to heart problems. Today, 1 in 9 children has raised blood pressure. There’s good news though. Consuming less salt can lower blood pressure.
That, of course, is easier said than done. The more you eat salty foods, the more you develop a taste for them. The key to changing your diet is to start small. Small changes in sodium in foods are not usually noticed. Eventually, the effort will reset a kid’s taste buds (味蕾).
Bridget Murphy is a dietitian. She says kids can try adding spices to their food instead of salt. Eating fruits and vegetables and cutting back on packaged foods will also help.
Need a little inspiration? Murphy offers this tip: Focus on the immediate effects of a diet that is high in sodium. High blood pressure can make it difficult to be active. “ Do you want to think clearly and perform well in school?” she asks. “Do you want to run faster?”
Zerleen Quader, of the CDC, suggests reading nutrition labels. “It’s surprising how much the sodium content for the same food can vary by brand,” she says.
1.Why do kids tend to eat too much salt?
A. Salt contains much sodium. B. The salt bottles are too big.
C. Salt makes foods delicious. D. Salt is necessary for their bodies.
2.Where does most of the salt kids eat probably come from?
A. Family-cooked foods. B. Fruits and vegetables.
C. Bottles in the kitchen. D. Store-bought foods.
3.How does added salt do harm to one’s health?
A. It makes one too active. B. It raises blood pressure.
C. It changes sodium in salt. D. It makes gaining weight easy.
4.Which is a suggested way to reduce the intake of salt?
A. Replacing salt with spices. B. Eating without selection.
C. Eating less home-made food. D. Taking much exercise every day.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析