Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”
1.In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A.a sign of human evolution B.a result of human kindness
C.a cause of personal growth D.a means of relying on each other
2.The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A.seek help wisely B.aim tears at someone
C.cry emotionally D.appeal to other people
3.From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A.hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B.think positively of the effects of tears
C.are working together to study tears
D.have learned enough about tears
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The types of tears B.The components of tears
C.The science of tears D.The opinions about tears
高三英语阅读理解困难题
Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears（流眼泪）has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”
1.In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A.a sign of human evolution B.a result of human kindness
C.a cause of personal growth D.a means of relying on each other
2.The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A.seek help wisely B.aim tears at someone
C.cry emotionally D.appeal to other people
3.From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A.hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B.think positively of the effects of tears
C.are working together to study tears
D.have learned enough about tears
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The types of tears B.The components of tears
C.The science of tears D.The opinions about tears
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Sometimes，you just can’t help it．Maybe you’re watching a sad movie，or thinking about the friend who moved away．Next thing you know，your eyes are watering，and you have tears running down your cheeks．Why do people cry when they are emotional? What are tears? Scientists are working hard to find the answers to these questions．
Ad Vingerhoets is a professor of psychology at Tilburg University，in the Netherlands．He is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying．According to Vingerhoets，there are three types of tears．Basal tears are the first type．They lubricate(润滑)the eyes and act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World．Next are reflex tears．They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them．Finally，there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states，”explains Vingerhoets．“Especially when we feel helpless．”
Scientists believe that crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other．“Humans are very complex social creatures，”says Lauren Bylsma，a professor at the University of Pittsburgh，in Pennsylvania．“It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others，’’She says．“Another reason we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal．It takes a long time to grow up．”
Vingerhoets agrees．“I think that the reason why humans shed tears(流眼泪)has something to do with our childhood，”he says．“That’s the time when we are stir dependent on adults for love and protection and care．The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person．”Vingerhoets says this ability to target someone could have come in hand in prehistoric times，when humans were living among dangerous animals．Crying could attract predators(捕食者)．Tears were a safer way to get attention．In this case，it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help，”he says．
Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry．According to Byhma，there is still much more to discover．“It’s surprising，”she says，“how much we still don’t know．”
1.Which of the following is reflex tears?
A．Tears when eyes are dry．
B．Tears moved by a story．
C．Tears released when crying．
D．Tears when dirt gets into eyes．
2.What’s the function of tears according to Bylsma?
A．It helps human develop longer．
B．It helps humans attract predators.
C．It helps arouse attention．
D．It helps people to be independent．
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A．Emotional tears are better than reflex tears．
B．Basal tears are a type of protective barrier．
C．Tears helped frighten predators away．
D．It’s easy to understand why humans cry．
4.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Why people shed tears． B．When people shed tears．
C．How people shed tears． D．Where people shed tears．
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Sometimes, you just can’t say no to another spoonful of ice cream and maybe one more after that. Why not? You deserve it.
There’s no need to beat yourself up about it later. The truth is that you were probably bound to do that from the very first spoonful. That’s because there is a switch in your brain, and for whatever reason, it can get stuck in the “on” position.
According to a new study, this impulse (冲动) control may come down to a very specific circuit (回答) in the brain which occasionally produces melanin-concentrating hormone, or MCH—a chemical linked with our desire for food or drugs. And that circuit always says yes.
By manipulating this circuit, it is possible that we might be able to develop cures for overeating that help people stick to a diet without reducing normal appetite or making delicious foods like donuts less delicious.
For their research, the scientists treated rats to a self-serve buffet. Bur the treats were on a timed delivery system, making tasty food every 20 seconds, and only when a rat pressed a lever (杠杆). Hit that lever too early—as impatient test subjects occasionally did—and the counter would start from scratch. Lever-happy rats would have to wait another cycle before the food became available again.
A second experiment offered the rats two dining options. Push Lever A and get an immediate small reward. Pushing Lever B meants waiting for around40 seconds, but the food reward would be much bigger. Guess which lever those impatient rats were most food of? That’s right. They picked the now-now-now switch.
Their impulsiveness, however, rose sharply when scientists gave the rats MCH. These animals become more impulsive. MCH, it seemed, could talk rats into loosening its inhibitions (拘束). The result? More please.
Researchers can now see where that conversation between the brain’s reward system and its impulse control center takes place. The next step will be to map it—and potentially influence the discussion. It may eventually be possible to control a food-eating impulse.
1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “manipulating” in paragraph 4?
A.Strengthening. B.Controlling.
C.Classifying. D.Creating.
2.What would happen when a rat pressed a lever earlier than the fixed time?
A.A bigger food reward would appear.
B.Tasty food would be delivered much sooner.
C.Longer time would be needed for food to appear.
D.The lever would be stopped form delivering food.
3.Why did the researchers conduct the experiments?
A.To find out the effect of MCH on animals.
B.To prove rats are also greedy for more food.
C.To study how levers influence rats’ impulse.
D.To show rats and humans have similar impulse for food.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.What Is the Effect of Your Impulse?
B.What Can You Do to Resist More Food?
C.Why Can’t You Say “No” to Your Impulse?
D.Why Do You Always Give in to One More Mouthful?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Smiling doesn't mean you're happy． Sometimes, it just means that you're strong enough to face problems．
A．fortunately B．eventually C．deliberately D．necessarily
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
--Whenever I come to visit, he is always watching TV.
--You’re really observant. He can’t help but ________ some TV during meals or before bed.
A. watch B. watching C. to watch D. watched
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Smiling doesn't ________ mean you're happy.Sometimes, it just means that you're strong enough to face problems.
A．fortunately B．eventually
C．deliberately D．necessarily
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
(2013 ·湖北武汉武昌高三联考)Smiling doesn't ________ mean you're happy.Sometimes, it just means that you're strong enough to face problems.
A．fortunately B．eventually
C．deliberately D．necessarily
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
—Don’t be a slave to work, Ralph! You must take it easy sometimes.
—I can’t help it._________.
A. Easier said than done
B. Nothing is easier than fault-finding
C. Easy come, easy go
D. Better late than never
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
—Don’t be a slave to work, Ralph! You must take it easy sometimes.
—I can’t help it._________.
A. Easier said than done B. Nothing is easier than fault-finding
C. Easy come, easy go D. Easy does it
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Maybe you’re really busy. Maybe you don’t have much to say. Or maybe you’re just lazy. Not a problem. This free service works by letting you broadcast a group text message to your {fiends’ mobile phones from either your own phone, an instant message or an online form at twitter, com. All your notes are then stored and displayed on your personal profile page on the site, which includes links to your friends’ Twitter pages, a thumbnail picture of your choice, and a short bio. All this is what the new service Twitter can bring you. Just remember to keep it short: posts are limited to !40 characters, and the topic is, invariably, “What are you doing?”
More often than not, it turns out, Twitter’s 100,00 members--twice as many as it had just a month ago, according to Twitter business development director Biz Stone--are simply killing time. Even Presidential hopeful John Edwards is on it, although he seems to be the only one thinking about more than lunch. As I type this, Caroline is mulling over some Girl Scout cookies, Ian Hocking is “waiting for Jessica to arrive so we can eat!” and Hlantz is “having a nice cup of Soft Starmint tea.”
The chatter (闲话) about Twitter turned into a virtual roar two weeks ago during the South by Southwest Multimedia Festival in Austin, Texas, when the barebones service owned by Blogger founder Evan Williams, 34, was named the best blogging tool and attendees used it to meet up at parties. Nevertheless, Twitter has been the top term on blog search engine Technorati for the past two weeks.
Plenty of people would happily have Twitter silenced, rather than tolerate the beeping alert for yet another new text message. But I’m betting that Twitter will get a lot noisier before netizens move on to the next new thing. We cyberjunkies need a new thrill, and what is better than a service like Twitter that combines social networking, blogging and texting? And if you don’t like it, well, in the words of one Twit from San Francisco, “I’m so sick to death of Twitter-haters. If you don’t like it, why waste your time writing, reading, or talking about it?”
1. This text is intended to __________.
A. point out the virtues and faults of Twitter B. tell people how to use Twitter to communicate
C. give a general outline of Twitter. Com D. introduce a new and easy way of instant communication
2. According to the text, Twitter is designed mainly for the purpose of ___________.
A. promoting products and services B. talking about small daily things
C. discussing serious social matters D. attracting voters for presidential election
3. We know from the text that Twitter may be superior to Blogger in that ________.
A. it limits each user’s texting under 140 words B. it saves users’ time and thinking
C. it can be easily operated through users’ mobile phones
D. it is newly invented by Blogger owner Evan Williams
4. By quoting one Twit from San Francisco, the author implies that ___________.
A. like it or not, Twitter will be accepted by more and more people
B. if one doesn’t like Twitter, he/she can choose not to mention it
C. writing, reading and talking about Twitter is a waste of time
D. twitter users naturally have a strong dislike for non-Twitter users
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析