Sometimes,you just can’t help it.Maybe you’re watching a sad movie,or thinking about the friend who moved away.Next thing you know,your eyes are watering,and you have tears running down your cheeks.Why do people cry when they are emotional? What are tears? Scientists are working hard to find the answers to these questions.
Ad Vingerhoets is a professor of psychology at Tilburg University,in the Netherlands.He is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying.According to Vingerhoets,there are three types of tears.Basal tears are the first type.They lubricate(润滑)the eyes and act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World.Next are reflex tears.They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them.Finally,there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,”explains Vingerhoets.“Especially when we feel helpless.”
Scientists believe that crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other.“Humans are very complex social creatures,”says Lauren Bylsma,a professor at the University of Pittsburgh,in Pennsylvania.“It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,’’She says.“Another reason we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal.It takes a long time to grow up.”
Vingerhoets agrees.“I think that the reason why humans shed tears(流眼泪)has something to do with our childhood,”he says.“That’s the time when we are stir dependent on adults for love and protection and care.The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.”Vingerhoets says this ability to target someone could have come in hand in prehistoric times,when humans were living among dangerous animals.Crying could attract predators(捕食者).Tears were a safer way to get attention.In this case,it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help,”he says.
Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.According to Byhma,there is still much more to discover.“It’s surprising,”she says,“how much we still don’t know.”
1.Which of the following is reflex tears?
A.Tears when eyes are dry.
B.Tears moved by a story.
C.Tears released when crying.
D.Tears when dirt gets into eyes.
2.What’s the function of tears according to Bylsma?
A.It helps human develop longer.
B.It helps humans attract predators.
C.It helps arouse attention.
D.It helps people to be independent.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Emotional tears are better than reflex tears.
B.Basal tears are a type of protective barrier.
C.Tears helped frighten predators away.
D.It’s easy to understand why humans cry.
4.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Why people shed tears. B.When people shed tears.
C.How people shed tears. D.Where people shed tears.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题
Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, you feel pressure in your throat, your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.
According to Ad Vingerhoets, a professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands, who is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying, there are three types of tears. Basal tears are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World. Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them. Finally, there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.
Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says Lauren Bylsma, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh, in Pennsylvania. "It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,” She says.
Vingerhoets agrees, "I think that the reason why humans shed tears(流眼泪)has something to do with our childhood, " he says. "that's the time when we are still dependent on adults for love and protection and care. The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person." Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times, when humans were living among dangerous animals. Tears were a safer way to get attention. "In this case, it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help, "he says.
Vingerhoets and Byhma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry. According to Byhma, there is still much more to discover. "It's surprising, "she says, "how much we still don't know.”
1.In the scientists' opinion, crying is ________.
A.a sign of human evolution B.a result of human kindness
C.a cause of personal growth D.a means of relying on each other
2.The underlined phrase "this ability" in the last paragraph refers to the ability to ________.
A.seek help wisely B.aim tears at someone
C.cry emotionally D.appeal to other people
3.From the text, we learn that Ad Vingerhoets and Lauren Bylsma ________.
A.hold different opinions about the causes of tears
B.think positively of the effects of tears
C.are working together to study tears
D.have learned enough about tears
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.The types of tears B.The components of tears
C.The science of tears D.The opinions about tears
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Sometimes,you just can’t help it.Maybe you’re watching a sad movie,or thinking about the friend who moved away.Next thing you know,your eyes are watering,and you have tears running down your cheeks.Why do people cry when they are emotional? What are tears? Scientists are working hard to find the answers to these questions.
Ad Vingerhoets is a professor of psychology at Tilburg University,in the Netherlands.He is one of the few scientists in the world who have studied crying.According to Vingerhoets,there are three types of tears.Basal tears are the first type.They lubricate(润滑)the eyes and act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest of the World.Next are reflex tears.They wash your eyes clean when something gets in them.Finally,there are emotional tears. “These are released in response to emotional states,”explains Vingerhoets.“Especially when we feel helpless.”
Scientists believe that crying has something to do with how humans developed and learned to depend on each other.“Humans are very complex social creatures,”says Lauren Bylsma,a professor at the University of Pittsburgh,in Pennsylvania.“It seems that tears serve to arouse help and support from others,’’She says.“Another reason we weep is that humans have the longest developmental period of almost any animal.It takes a long time to grow up.”
Vingerhoets agrees.“I think that the reason why humans shed tears(流眼泪)has something to do with our childhood,”he says.“That’s the time when we are stir dependent on adults for love and protection and care.The major advantage of emotional tears is that you can target them at a specific person.”Vingerhoets says this ability to target someone could have come in hand in prehistoric times,when humans were living among dangerous animals.Crying could attract predators(捕食者).Tears were a safer way to get attention.In this case,it is better to use a silent signal to ask for help,”he says.
Vingerhoets and Bylsma do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.According to Byhma,there is still much more to discover.“It’s surprising,”she says,“how much we still don’t know.”
1.Which of the following is reflex tears?
A.Tears when eyes are dry.
B.Tears moved by a story.
C.Tears released when crying.
D.Tears when dirt gets into eyes.
2.What’s the function of tears according to Bylsma?
A.It helps human develop longer.
B.It helps humans attract predators.
C.It helps arouse attention.
D.It helps people to be independent.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Emotional tears are better than reflex tears.
B.Basal tears are a type of protective barrier.
C.Tears helped frighten predators away.
D.It’s easy to understand why humans cry.
4.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.Why people shed tears. B.When people shed tears.
C.How people shed tears. D.Where people shed tears.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Sometimes, you just can’t say no to another spoonful of ice cream and maybe one more after that. Why not? You deserve it.
There’s no need to beat yourself up about it later. The truth is that you were probably bound to do that from the very first spoonful. That’s because there is a switch in your brain, and for whatever reason, it can get stuck in the “on” position.
According to a new study, this impulse (冲动) control may come down to a very specific circuit (回答) in the brain which occasionally produces melanin-concentrating hormone, or MCH—a chemical linked with our desire for food or drugs. And that circuit always says yes.
By manipulating this circuit, it is possible that we might be able to develop cures for overeating that help people stick to a diet without reducing normal appetite or making delicious foods like donuts less delicious.
For their research, the scientists treated rats to a self-serve buffet. Bur the treats were on a timed delivery system, making tasty food every 20 seconds, and only when a rat pressed a lever (杠杆). Hit that lever too early—as impatient test subjects occasionally did—and the counter would start from scratch. Lever-happy rats would have to wait another cycle before the food became available again.
A second experiment offered the rats two dining options. Push Lever A and get an immediate small reward. Pushing Lever B meants waiting for around40 seconds, but the food reward would be much bigger. Guess which lever those impatient rats were most food of? That’s right. They picked the now-now-now switch.
Their impulsiveness, however, rose sharply when scientists gave the rats MCH. These animals become more impulsive. MCH, it seemed, could talk rats into loosening its inhibitions (拘束). The result? More please.
Researchers can now see where that conversation between the brain’s reward system and its impulse control center takes place. The next step will be to map it—and potentially influence the discussion. It may eventually be possible to control a food-eating impulse.
1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “manipulating” in paragraph 4?
A.Strengthening. B.Controlling.
C.Classifying. D.Creating.
2.What would happen when a rat pressed a lever earlier than the fixed time?
A.A bigger food reward would appear.
B.Tasty food would be delivered much sooner.
C.Longer time would be needed for food to appear.
D.The lever would be stopped form delivering food.
3.Why did the researchers conduct the experiments?
A.To find out the effect of MCH on animals.
B.To prove rats are also greedy for more food.
C.To study how levers influence rats’ impulse.
D.To show rats and humans have similar impulse for food.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.What Is the Effect of Your Impulse?
B.What Can You Do to Resist More Food?
C.Why Can’t You Say “No” to Your Impulse?
D.Why Do You Always Give in to One More Mouthful?
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
You probably love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!
The making of a movie usually begins with a script (written by a screenwriter) . _____ 1.The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!
________ 2.The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, makeup artists, cameramen, cinematographers (who supervise and instruct the cameramen), and, of course, actors!
Next, shooting begins! ________3. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day’s work.___ ____4. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects.
The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it’s ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. ______5.
A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.
B. The actual filming can be a slow process.
C. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.
D. The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.
E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.
F. In movies the director’s job is to bring the script to life on camera.
G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
Why did you just sit and watch? You _______ me.
A.could help | B.should help |
C.could have helped | D.must have helped |
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Most of you love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!
The making of a movie usually begins with a script (剧本). 1. The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating(协调) aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!
2. The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble(聚集) all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, stuntmen, cameramen, and, of course, actors!
Next, shooting begins! 3. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day’s work. 4. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects or touch-ups.
The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it’s ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. 5.
A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.
B. The actual filming can be a slow process.
C. The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.
D. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.
E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.
F. In movies, the director’s job is to bring the script to life on camera.
G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.
高三英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
— Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?
— Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still ____.
A.available | B.affordable | C.acceptable | D.valuable |
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You probably love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!
The making of a movie usually begins with a script (written by a screenwriter) . _____ 1.The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!
________ 2.The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, makeup artists, cameramen, cinematographers (who supervise and instruct the cameramen), and, of course, actors!
Next, shooting begins! ________3. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day’s work.___ ____4. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects.
The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it’s ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. ______5.
A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.
B. The actual filming can be a slow process.
C. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.
D. The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.
E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.
F. In movies the director’s job is to bring the script to life on camera.
G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.
高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of you love watching movies. They can be funny, sad, imaginative, inspiring, and so much more! There are so many possibilities and so many great movies to watch!
The making of a movie usually begins with a script (剧本). 1. The producer is the person who is responsible for coordinating(协调) aspects of the film like budget and scheduling. The producer plans out how the project will be carried out and he usually starts by hiring a director!
2. The director will usually identify themes or feelings that he or she wants the movie to convey to its audience and will then assemble(聚集) all the other people who will be needed, such as costume-designers, makeup artists, special effects crew, stuntmen, cameramen, and, of course, actors!
Next, shooting begins! 3. Often a director will want to get several “takes” (versions) of a scene or moment and usually only a few minutes of the movie are finished in one day’s work. 4. So once filming is completed, the director must then work with editors to piece them all together, deciding which takes to use and adding in any special effects or touch-ups.
The entire process from acquiring the script to editing the scenes generally takes months or even years! Once it’s ready, the finished movie is then distributed to movie theatres. 5.
A. Scenes are also usually not shot in order.
B. The actual filming can be a slow process.
C. The way that movies are made has changed a lot over time.
D. It gets bought by a movie studio or a producer.
E. The producer plays a very important role in making a movie.
F. In movies, the director’s job is to bring the script to life on camera.
G. People can watch and enjoy it in the theatre.
高三英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
—Don’t be a slave to work, Ralph! You must take it easy sometimes.
—I can’t help it._________.
A. Easier said than done
B. Nothing is easier than fault-finding
C. Easy come, easy go
D. Better late than never
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析