If you examine the birth certificate of every...

If you examine the birth certificate of every soccer player in the last Word Cup tournament, you will most likely find the excellent players were born in the earlier months of the year. If you then examine the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup, you will find this phenomenon even more _______ .

What might account for this strange phenomenon? Some guess a certain astrological sign(星座) _________superior soccer skills; others maintain that winter-born babies have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina(it t ).But Anderson Ericsson, a 58-year-old professor who is called the expert on experts, believes in neither. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved _______ training a person to hear and repeat a random series of numbers. "With the first subject after 20 hours of training, his digital span rose to 20, Ericsson recalls, "and after about 200 hours of training he could repeat up to 80 numbers

This success, coupled with later research showing memory itself is not _______ determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is a cognitive( i in a) exercise, which means whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are _________ by how well each person encodes the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as _________ practice. It involves more than simply repeating a task _______ playing a C-minor scale 100 times hitting tennis serves until your shoulder pops out of its socket. _______ it involves stepping outside your comfort zone, setting specific and well-defined goals, focusing on _______ areas of expertise, obtaining immediate feedback from professionals and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.

Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying high achievers in a wide range of ________ including soccer, golf, chess, piano playing and darts. They gather all the data they can and make a rather shocking statement: the trait we commonly call talent is highly ________, And yes, expert performers are nearly always made.

Ericsson’s formula seems appealing to many tiger parents: "practice makes perfect" is naturally ________ to genetic determinism. By________ innate ability as insignificant, many are confident they can make a concert-level pianist or an Olympic figure skater of their kids as long as they push them hard enough. Ericsson, ________ believes what parents should learn from the science of expertise is not the effect of logging thousands of hours, but how to get kids to. ________ the importance and challenge of effective practice

1.A.understandable B.misleading C.appealing D.noticeable

2.A.promises B.improves C.compromises D.masters

3.A.numbers B.subjects C.memory D.practice

4.A.physically B.genetically C.fundamentally D.psychologically

5.A.overshadow B.demonstrated C.strengthened D.produced

6.A.enormous B.deliberate C.desperate D.persistent

7.A.on average B.more importantly C.for instance D.in particular

8.A.Besides B.Nevertheless C.Therefore D.Rather

9.A.various B.comprehensive C.targeted D.minor

10.A.pursuits B.occupations C.performances D.assumptions

11.A.underestimate B.overrated C.flexible D.demanding

12.A.equal B.inferior C.preferable D.beneficial

13.A.dismissing B.lacking C.recognizing D.highlighting

14.A.likewise B.therefore C.besides D.however

15.A.study B.practice C.reflect D.embrace

高三英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析

阅读理解。

You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?

If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She's a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn't have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.

“The trophy has to stand for something，” Dweck told TFK. “If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.” Dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons, such as improving　 in a sport, teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.

Others say that there's no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.

“I think we should encourage kids' participation in sports，” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College,　 in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids' efforts.”

Barish argues that when we single_out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式)，” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”

There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They'll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.

1.According to Carol Dweck, which player should receive a trophy?

A．Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.

B．David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.

C．Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.

D．Jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.

2.Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?

A．There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.

B．Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.

C．Kids should be given trophies for trying their best.

D．It is necessary to encourage kids' participation in sports.

3.The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．

A．honour　　　　　 　 B．choose

C．value　 　　　　　　 D．stress

4.Which shows the correct structure of the text?

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

What happens inside the head of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a study of the brains of experienced players.

Researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complex new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball less.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1. Where do you think the text comes from?

A. Medicine instructions.　　　 B. A text for doctors.

C. A research report.　　　　 D. A sports advertisement.

2.What do we know about the volunteers?

A. They had serious injury on the head.　

B. They were adults who still played soccer.

C. They were all researchers about soccer.

D. They all had children who played soccer.

3. What was used to find the structural changes in the brains?

A. Advanced computers.

B. A new technique M. R. I.

C. Special questionnaires.

D. Learning skills.

4. We can conclude that frequent heading may have　　　　　　 .

A. a significant effect on one’s brain

B. little effect on one’s brain

C. nothing to do with the brain

D. improvement in one’s brain

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions（脑震荡）in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic（外伤的）brain injury” , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a _________________.

2.From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have  _________________.

3.What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?

4.The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to ________________.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a______.

A．news report                           B．research report

C．story for soccer players                   D．text for doctors

2.In which way can we find the structural changes in the brain?

A．Computerized test.                      B．Questionnaire..

C．Scanning.                             D．M.R.I. technique.

3.From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have_____.

A．significant effect on brain                 B．little effect on one’s brain

C．nothing to do with the brain injury          D．one’s memory improved

4.The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to______.

A．remembering                          B．misunderstanding

C．recalling                              D．missing

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Lionel Messi, _1.__ player from the South American country of Argentina, is the greatest soccer player alive today. At a young age, he _2.__(move) to Spain and now plays ___3.___(profession)for the Barcelona soccer club. Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer team _4.____(own) by his father. Even as a young boy, he did very well. But when he was 11 years old, he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him from growing much 5.____(tall). There was a way to help him grow more, ___6._____his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs. So, they looked around for a soccer club __7.____would be able to do this for them. The clubs in Argentina couldn’t help him, but the famous Barcelona club in Spain offered ___8.____ (accept) Messi on the junior team and pay for the bills. The Messi family happily took the offer and moved to Spain. In the Barcelona soccer club, Messi was one of the best ___9.____(play)through his teen years. Messi has surprised the world ___10.__his incredible talent. He has led Barcelona to many victories and earned his place among the greatest players ever.

高三英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

________ the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars.

A．Giving　　 　　　　　　　　　 B．Having given

C．To give　　 　　　　　　　　　 D．Given

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars．

A．Giving                B．Having given    C．To give              D．Given

7．

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.

A. Giving     B. Having given     C. To give       D. Given

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

_________ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.

A. Giving     B. Having given     C. To give       D. Given

高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析