Everyone could feel a sudden impulse(冲动) and buy something unnecessary. Then how to avoid it? The best way is to just keep your hands away from tempting products. According to new research, individuals who touch possible items in stores are more likely to have an increased desire to purchase them than those who keep their hand off the products.
Suzanne Shu and Joann Peck, marketing professors at the University of Wisconsin’s business school conducted studies on the connection between touch and feelings of ownership and the effect of perceived(感觉)ownership on the value placed on an object. For one of the experiments, the experts placed two products, a Slinky toy and a coffee mug in front of the volunteers who were undergraduate students. About half of the participants were allowed to touch the products, while the other half were asked not to touch them. The volunteers then were asked to express their sense of ownership of the products and to report how much money they were willing to pay for each. The results showed that those students who were allowed to touch the objects reported significant increased level of perceived ownership. They also expressed a desire to pay more money to obtain the products.
The investigators also discovered that a sense of very pleasant feelings when touching products, determined how much money consumers were willing to pay. However, if the object did not feel pleasant to the touch, it significantly decreased the amount the buyers were willing to pay.
Researchers said that many stores have already followed the right path. But what can be done while shopping online, when touching of an item is not possible? In this case, the experts say, just picturing in mind that they are touching it and then owning it, will cause greater feelings of ownership, and thus the consumers will be more likely to make a purchase.
When you touch an object, you immediately feel some kind of a connection to it, according to the researchers. That connection stirs up(唤起) an emotional reaction. And that emotion can make people buy something they would never even consider buying if they had not touched it.
1.How does the author develop the text?
A.By providing typical examples.
B.By drawing a conclusion through research.
C.By comparing opinions from different fields.
D.By presenting a cause and analyzing its effects.
2.Which of the following was found in the research?
A.Touching a product affects the customer’s feelings of desire for it.
B.If you are not to spend money, it’s less possible for you to touch the product.
C.The longer you touch the goods, the more desire you have to own them.
D.Shoppers cannot resist the temptation when they meet things they like.
3.What would happen to them when people do online shopping?
A.They immediately feel a connection to it.
B.They will particularly want to touch the products advertised on the Internet.
C.They desire to possess it and do not care how much money they would pay.
D.People’s imaginable ownership led to a greater possibility of purchasing products.
4.What led the researchers to conduct this study?
A.To figure out the connection between touch and feelings of ownership.
B.To satisfy customers’ social needs when shopping.
C.To share the good ideas about avoid impulsive consumption.
D.To develop marketing strategies for trade companies.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Everyone could feel a sudden impulse(冲动) and buy something unnecessary. Then how to avoid it? The best way is to just keep your hands away from tempting products. According to new research, individuals who touch possible items in stores are more likely to have an increased desire to purchase them than those who keep their hand off the products.
Suzanne Shu and Joann Peck, marketing professors at the University of Wisconsin’s business school conducted studies on the connection between touch and feelings of ownership and the effect of perceived(感觉)ownership on the value placed on an object. For one of the experiments, the experts placed two products, a Slinky toy and a coffee mug in front of the volunteers who were undergraduate students. About half of the participants were allowed to touch the products, while the other half were asked not to touch them. The volunteers then were asked to express their sense of ownership of the products and to report how much money they were willing to pay for each. The results showed that those students who were allowed to touch the objects reported significant increased level of perceived ownership. They also expressed a desire to pay more money to obtain the products.
The investigators also discovered that a sense of very pleasant feelings when touching products, determined how much money consumers were willing to pay. However, if the object did not feel pleasant to the touch, it significantly decreased the amount the buyers were willing to pay.
Researchers said that many stores have already followed the right path. But what can be done while shopping online, when touching of an item is not possible? In this case, the experts say, just picturing in mind that they are touching it and then owning it, will cause greater feelings of ownership, and thus the consumers will be more likely to make a purchase.
When you touch an object, you immediately feel some kind of a connection to it, according to the researchers. That connection stirs up(唤起) an emotional reaction. And that emotion can make people buy something they would never even consider buying if they had not touched it.
1.How does the author develop the text?
A.By providing typical examples.
B.By drawing a conclusion through research.
C.By comparing opinions from different fields.
D.By presenting a cause and analyzing its effects.
2.Which of the following was found in the research?
A.Touching a product affects the customer’s feelings of desire for it.
B.If you are not to spend money, it’s less possible for you to touch the product.
C.The longer you touch the goods, the more desire you have to own them.
D.Shoppers cannot resist the temptation when they meet things they like.
3.What would happen to them when people do online shopping?
A.They immediately feel a connection to it.
B.They will particularly want to touch the products advertised on the Internet.
C.They desire to possess it and do not care how much money they would pay.
D.People’s imaginable ownership led to a greater possibility of purchasing products.
4.What led the researchers to conduct this study?
A.To figure out the connection between touch and feelings of ownership.
B.To satisfy customers’ social needs when shopping.
C.To share the good ideas about avoid impulsive consumption.
D.To develop marketing strategies for trade companies.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
When you buy something with money, you feel as if it’s owed by you. __, when you receive something from someone else, the gift is a __ of something bigger than yourself.
In our living room, we have three shelves of books. We __ them as the “open source” bookshelf because our guests can take any book and __ any book to it. No one __ it; it’s all based on trust, __ our home hosts many events with hundreds of people passing through it.
These books cover various types and you can’t really be __ what you’ll find. So, my brother happened to __ a red book the other day. It __ because it had no title. Since it looked so __, he checked it out.
Page one __ some hand-written words:
To: DJ Burrowes
From: Grandma and Grandpa Burrowes
…
We were __. Every page had a quote written in the __ shaky handwriting of DJ’s grandparents. They had given it to DJ and DJ, __, had given it to us.
A couple of weeks back, DJ __ to go to China to learn its language and culture. Before leaving, he came for a(n) __ at our place, primarily to offer his __ gratitude. But this gift was over the top. Not only did he __ such a precious part of himself, but he did so without telling anyone in our house! What a(n) __ ! For a few seconds, all of us just stared at it in disbelief.
In shocking silence, we all stood in __ of the Burrowes for showing us, by their example, what life is all about. Thank you, DJ, wherever you are!
1.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.However
2.A.discovery B.standard C.reminder D.wonder
3.A.regard B.accept C.report D.mistake
4.A.expose B.contribute C.distribute D.deliver
5.A.tracks B.affords C.recommends D.overlooks
6.A.ever since B.in case C.as if D.even though
7.A.guaranteed B.informed C.judged D.questioned
8.A.obtain B.donate C.spot D.review
9.A.worked out B.stood out C.went up D.turned up
10.A.priceless B.fascinating C.delicate D.unusual
11.A.represented B.expressed C.read D.provided
12.A.astonished B.cautious C.frightened D.nervous
13.A.occasionally B.apparently C.partially D.randomly
14.A.in advance B.in turn C.by mistake D.by chance
15.A.promised B.managed C.hesitated D.decided
16.A.event B.discussion C.party D.conference
17.A.natural B.vivid C.silent D.casual
18.A.show off B.take over C.see about D.leave behind
19.A.pity B.offering C.relief D.coincidence
20.A.defence B.memory C.admiration D.favour
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
People with an impulsive(冲动的)personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.
Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴胺)release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances.
Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits(特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI(身体质量指数)during the study. Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity(肥胖).
“Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt.
Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits.
“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.”
1.How does the author introduce the two personality trains in paragraph 3?
A. By making comparisons and conclusions
B. By explaining causes and effects
C. By presenting questions and answers
D. By giving definitions and examples
2.What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?
A. It has been successfully carried out among overweight people
B. It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight
C. It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people
D. It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior
3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Dopamine release Caused by Food Addiction
B. Food Addiction Compared to Drug Use
C. Impulsive Personality Linked to Food Addition
D. Food Addiction Contributing to Obesity
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Is beauty something always positive? Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable jobs. Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants. But in the executive(主管的) circle, beauty can become a disadvantage.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were considered having more honesty than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to lead to their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones; their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the manly qualities required.
This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 college students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.
The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men, but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.
1.In traditionally female jobs, attractiveness ________.
A. makes women look more honest and capable B. strengthens the manly qualities required
C. is of no importance to women D. often enables women to succeed quickly
2.Bowman’s experiment shows that when it comes to politics, attractiveness ________.
A. affects men and women alike B. has as little effect on men as on women
C. is more of a disadvantage to women D. turns out to be a disadvantage to men
3.According to the passage, people’s views on beauty are often ________.
A. practical B. one-sided C. old-fashioned D. supportive
4.The passage is mainly about ________.
A. the disadvantages of being attractive B. the advantages of being attractive
C. equal rights for women D. the importance of appearance
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
My computer is out of _________ order all of a sudden. Could you do me________ favor and type the plan for me right now?
A. the; a B. the; 不填 C. 不填; a D. 不填; 不填
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Almost everyone is afraid of something --- snakes, heights, public speaking and so on.
It is normal and can even be helpful to experience fear sometimes. In dangerous situations, fear can keep our bodies alert (警醒的) so that we can act quickly to protect ourselves.
But for some people, fear develops into a “phobia”, which is a strong and unreasonable fear of something. For example, the majority of us feel a little scared when looking down from a tall building. But people with height phobia may have trouble breathing, feel dizzy or turn down a great job just because the company is on the 20th floor.
Phobias can prevent you from living a normal life. “People with spider phobia would stay out of their home or dormitory room for days if they thought a spider was present,” Katherina Hauner, a researcher at Northwestern University, US, told ABC news. This is why scientists have been trying to find a cure for this disease.
Since fear comes from experience --- from what we are told, what we see others experience and what happens to us --- some scientists think if they can “rewrite” these unpleasant memories, they might be able to help people overcome their phobias.
In a study by Hauner and other scientists, participants with spider phobia were asked to first touch a spider with a paintbrush. Seeing that it was not actually dangerous, they then tried touching it while wearing a glove. Finally, they could hold it with their hands.
Certain medicine has also been found to be helpful. Back in 2010, researchers at the University of Hiroshima, Japan, injected (注射) a special medicine into a fish --- who was afraid of light --- to turn off the fear center in its brain. From then on, the fish no longer feared light.
While the search for solutions to phobias is making great progress, it’s an open question whether getting rid of fear is good. Some people want to use these methods to make soldiers fight harder in wars by taking away their sense of fear. Dave Smithson of the charity Anxiety UK thinks that’s a bad idea. “It’s fear that prevents us from doing crazy things,” he says. “There’s a name for people who don’t have fear of consequences: psychopaths (精神变态者).
1.The main point of the article is to ___________.
A. show us what kind of role fear plays in our lives
B. discuss if it is good to try to get rid of fear
C. inform us of fear and phobia
D. discuss scientific studies related to fear
2.How does the writer make the meaning of “phobia” clear?
A. By making comparisons. B. By giving examples.
C. By giving data in numbers. D. By giving descriptions.
3.Which of the following shows the progress scientists have made in finding solutions to phobia?
A. New medicine can shut off fear centers in animal brains whenever needed.
B. They can use phobias to keep our bodies alert so that we can protect ourselves.
C. They can now reduce the pain which is connected with phobia.
D. They have succeeded in helping some people ignore memories related to phobia.
4.Which of the following would Dave Smithson probably agree with?
A. There is nothing to fear except fear itself.
B. We should not let fear affect our decisions.
C. Fear is not a completely bad thing.
D. Without fear, everyone would be brave.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Everyone has good days and bad days.
Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can make people less likeable or more upset when they fail in something.
“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”
Feeling good
Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange. After all, feeling good can be good for you.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
However, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.
He believes that violent people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said:“ There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”
Problems
All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable, said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, VOhs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
What to do
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”
1.What does the underlined part “on top of the world” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Quite helpful. B．Extremely happy. C．Very unlucky. D．Rather upset.
2.The conclusion drawn from the new research shows that high self-esteem_____.
A．is not important at all B．makes people more likeable
C．may not be the key to success D．helps you do better at school
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to Vohs?
A．Feeling good doesn’t mean you lead a happy life.
B．People with high self-esteem always seek others’ help.
C．People with high self-esteem tend to be selfish.
D．People with low self-esteem are often more popular.
4.We can infer from the text that the best therapy mentioned in the last paragraph is mainly for people_____.
A．with high self-esteem B．with low self-esteem
C．who contribute significantly to society D．who are in need of support
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Everyone has good days and bad days.
Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and cannot focus on our schoolwork.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem(自尊) is the key to success.Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can make people less likeable or more upset when they fail in something.
“Forget about self-esteem,” says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. “It’s not the important thing.”
Feeling good
Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange. After all, feeling good can be good for you.Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
However, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person.
He believes that violent people often have the highest self-esteem of all. He also said:“ There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school.”
Problems
All types of people have problems. People with high self-esteem can have big egos(自我) that can make them less likeable, said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University.People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, VOhs says. People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
What to do
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Find positive ways to contribute to society. If you fail in something, try to learn from the experience. “The best therapy(药方) is to recognize your faults,” Vohs says. “It’s OK to say, ‘I’ m not so good at that,’ and then move on.”
1. What does the underlined part “on top of the world” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Quite helpful. B. Extremely happy.
C. Very unlucky. D. Rather upset.
2. The conclusion drawn from the new research shows that high self-esteem_____.
A. is not important at all
B. makes people more likeable
C. helps you do better at school
D. may not be the key to success
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to Vohs?
A. Feeling good doesn’t mean you lead a happy life.
B. People with high self-esteem always seek others’ help.
C. People with high self-esteem tend to be selfish.
D. People with low self-esteem are often more popular.
4. We can infer from the text that the best therapy mentioned in the last paragraph is mainly for people_____.
A. with high self-esteem
B. with low self-esteem
C. who contribute significantly to society
D. who are in need of support
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Everyone may all have the experience of feeling anxious and stressed when having a rough day or having some troubles. Different people may choose different ways to deal with it, and for most people a break for a 10-minute walk may be quite useful.
Anyway, here is another way around: to get a piece of chewing gum, and chew it. According to a Swinburne University of Technology study, gum-chewing has been found to “relieve anxiety, improve alertness(机敏性) and reduce stress among individuals in a laboratory setting.”
Some may argue that a laboratory is not the same as an office. But check out the conditions of the study: individuals were monitored while performing “a group of ‘multi-tasking’ activities.” Doesn’t it sound like the situation in the office?
Here’s a summary of some of the study’s findings:
Gum chewers showed a reduction in anxiety as compared to non-gum chewers by nearly 17 percent during mild stress and nearly 10 percent in appropriate stress.
Gum chewers showed improvement in alertness over non-gum chewers by nearly 19 percent during mild stress and 8 percent in moderate stress.
Improved Performance: Chewing gum resulted in a big improvement in overall performance on multi-tasking activities.
Although these aren’t major improvements, every little bit works and chewing a piece of gum is a lot quicker and easier than slipping outside for a 10-minute walk. So, how does gum work this magic? In part it does so by lowering the level of cortisol(皮质醇)—a steroid(类固醇) hormone that is released in response to stress in your system.
A few words of advice before you reach for the gum: don’t crack your gum, and be sure to chew it with your mouth closed. In fact, I’d say keep the gum out of meetings, because it really looks impolite to others around you.
1.From the study in the text we know that_________________.
A. gum chewers may lack alertness
B. gum chewers tend to be less stressed
C. gum chewers can finish many jobs perfectly
D. gum chewers can reduce their anger easily
2.How does gum work to reduce stress according to the text?
A. It works by improving alertness.
B. It works by allowing a 10-minute walk.
C. It works by reducing one’s level of cortisol.
D. It works by being chewed in a laboratory setting.
3.Which one may the author probably agree with?
A. People can crack gum freely when meeting friends.
B. People should be careful when chewing gum at home.
C. People should chew gum with their mouths closed in a meeting.
D. It is impolite to chew gum in a meeting with people around you.
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A. How to chew gum.
B. How to relieve stress.
C. Chewing gum can relieve stress.
D. Why people love chewing gum.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Everyone may all have the experience of feeling anxious and stressed when having a rough day or having some troubles. Different people may choose different ways to deal with it, and for most people a break for a 10-minute walk may be quite useful.
Anyway, here is another way around: to get a piece of chewing gum, and chew it. According to a Swinburne University of Technology study, gum-chewing has been found to “relieve anxiety, improve alertness(机敏性) and reduce stress among individuals in a laboratory setting.”
Some may argue that a laboratory is not the same as an office. But check out the conditions of the study: individuals were monitored while performing “a group of ‘multi-tasking’ activities.” Doesn’t it sound like the situation in the office?
Here’s a summary of some of the study’s findings:
Gum chewers showed a reduction in anxiety as compared to non-gum chewers by nearly 17 percent during mild stress and nearly 10 percent in appropriate stress.
Gum chewers showed improvement in alertness over non-gum chewers by nearly 19 percent during mild stress and 8 percent in moderate stress.
Improved Performance: Chewing gum resulted in a big improvement in overall performance on multi-tasking activities.
Although these aren’t major improvements, every little bit works and chewing a piece of gum is a lot quicker and easier than slipping outside for a 10-minute walk. So, how does gum work this magic? In part it does so by lowering the level of cortisol(皮质醇)—a steroid(类固醇) hormone that is released in response to stress in your system.
A few words of advice before you reach for the gum: don’t crack your gum, and be sure to chew it with your mouth closed. In fact, I’d say keep the gum out of meetings, because it really looks impolite to others around you.
1.From the study in the text we know that_________________.
A. gum chewers may lack alertness
B. gum chewers tend to be less stressed
C. gum chewers can finish many jobs perfectly
D. gum chewers can reduce their anxiety and anger easily
2.How does gum work to reduce stress according to the text?
A. It works by improving alertness.
B. It works by allowing a 10-minute walk.
C. It works by reducing one’s level of cortisol.
D. It works by being chewed in a laboratory setting.
3.Which one may the author probably agree with?
A. People should chew gum with their mouths closed in a meeting.
B. It is impolite to chew gum in a meeting with people around you.
C. People can crack gum freely when meeting friends.
D. People should be careful when chewing gum at home.
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A. How to chew gum. B. How to relieve stress.
C. Why people love chewing gum. D. Chewing gum can relieve stress.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析