Artificial intelligence (AI人工智能) technology m...

Artificial intelligence (AI人工智能) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible.

Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that’s important to making decisions.”

David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that “machines are not going to take the place of doctors.” “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize these patterns by itself.”

Once a cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue (组织), put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized.

The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. The University of Southern California researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.

1.What can we infer from the passage?

A.Computers will replace doctors one day.

B.AI technology help doctors treat diseases mainly through counting cells.

C.Cancer once cured will not come back again.

D.Breast cancer patients will benefit a lot from the AI technology application.

2.Where can you most probably see the article?

A.Medical instructions. B.Textbook.

C.Newspaper. D.Science fiction.

3.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A.Artificial intelligence to make doctors better.

B.Great benefits from artificial intelligence.

C.New discoveries about cancer.

D.The process to recognize cancer cells.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible.

Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. “...You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that’s important to making decisions.”

David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that “machines are not going to take the place of doctors.” He adds, “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize these patterns by itself.”

Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. This process could take days or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick diagnosis（诊断）of cancer that is free of human mistakes.

“All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time...We couldn’t have done this, we didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed.” Agus adds that the process could be done “for almost no cost in the developing world.” He says that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.

A doctor faces a series of critical decisions every day. The best a doctor can do is to make those decisions as informed as possible. Some of them are still hard to make. A doctor can ask people of whom he values their opinions and that’s it. Imagine discussing these with an AI system that is even more rational（理性的）than anyone else.

The University of Southern California researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.

1.According to Rawat and David Agus, AI can be used to ___________.

A. take the place of doctors　　 B. treat all forms of cancer

C. remove doctors’ mistakes　　 D. help doctors diagnose cancer

2.From the passage, we learn that doctors may benefit from AI because it can ___________.

A. use data to recognize patterns of cancer

B. decide on the form of cancer treatment

C. reduce the risk of cancer returning

D. monitor the medical procedure

3.What does the underlined word “critical” in Paragraph 6 mean?

A. reliable　　 B. important

C. evident　　 D. doubtful

4.What’s the best title for the passage?

A. How Do AI Systems Work?　　 B. Can AI Cure Cancer?

C. Can AI Make Doctors Better?　　 D. How Can Doctors Use AI?

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Artificial intelligence（AI，人工智能）can help us make phone calls, guide us to where we want to go, or play games. 1. Researchers from Microsoft recently created the first machine translation system that can translate news articles from Chinese to English, Business Standard reported.

According to Microsoft’s official website, researchers tested the system by asking it to translate hundreds of sentences taken from news stories. 2. They concluded that the system’s translations were as good as the human translations. 3. This is partly because different words can be used to express the same meaning. It can be hard to say which word is more “correct”.

4. “Much of our research is really inspired by how we humans do things,” lead researcher Liu Tieyan said.

One method is called dual learning（对偶学习）. In this method, the system translates every sentence from Chinese to English, as well as translating the sentences back from English into Chinese. 5. This is similar to what humans do to make sure their translations are accurate.

Another method makes use of deliberation networks. This is when the system is made to translate the same sentence over and over. Gradually, the system improves the quality of its translation, like humans who would improve their own writing by going over it again and again.

A. Machine translation is always challenging.

B. However, experts used several methods to improve the system’s translation abilities.

C. Then, language experts compared the results to two translations that were done by humans.

D. Researchers collected a lot of data to help the system learn and improve.

E. And now, AI can do even more things.

F. Researchers have worked on machine translation for decades.

G. This way, the system can improve itself and learn from its own mistakes.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many leading AI researchers think that in a matter of decades, artificial intelligence will be able to do not merely some of our jobs, but all of our jobs, forever transforming life on Earth.

The reason why many regard this as science fiction is that we've traditionally thought of intelligence as something mysterious that can only exist in biological organisms, especially humans. But such an idea is unscientific.

From my point of view as a physicist and AI researcher, intelligence is simply a certain kind of information-processing performed by elementary particles (基本粒子) moving around, and there is no law of physics that says one can't build machines more intelligent than us in all ways. This suggests that we've only seen the tip of the intelligence iceberg and that there is an amazing potential to unlock the full intelligence that is potential in nature and use it to help humanity.

If we get it right, the upside is huge. Since everything we love about civilization is the product of intelligence, amplifying (扩大) our own intelligence with AI has the potential to solve tomorrow's toughest problems. For example, why risk our loved ones dying in traffic accidents that self-driving cars could prevent or dying of cancers that AI might help us find cures for? Why not increase productivity through automation (自动化) and use AI to accelerate our research and development of affordable sustainable (可持续的) energy?

I'm optimistic that we can develop rapidly with advanced AI as long as we win the race between the growing power of our technology and the knowledge with which we manage it. But this requires giving up our outdated concept of learning form mistakes. That helped us win the race with less powerful technology: We messed up with fire and then invented fire extinguishers (灭火器), and we messed up with cars and then invented seat belts. However, it's an awful idea for more powerful technologies, such as nuclear weapons or superintelligent AI—where even a single mistake is unacceptable and we need to get things right the first time.

1.How do many people feel about leading AI researchers' predictions?

A.Worried. B.Curious. C.Doubtful. D.Disappointed.

2.What does the author think of intelligence?

A.We know little about it. B.It belongs to human beings.

C.It is too difficult to understand. D.We have nothing more to discover.

3.What does the underlined word “upside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Cost. B.Risk. C.Quantity. D.Advantage.

4.What's important for us in the race between people and technology?

A.Learning from failure. B.Increasing our intelligence.

C.Avoiding making mistakes. D.Being more optimistic.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many leading AI researchers think that in a matter of decades, artificial intelligence will be able to do not merely some of our jobs, but all of our jobs, forever transforming life on Earth.

The reason why many reject this as science fiction is that we’ve traditionally thought of intelligence as something mysterious that can only exist in biological organisms, especially humans. But such an idea is unscientific.

From my point of view as a physicist and AI researcher, intelligence is simply a certain kind of information-processing performed by elementary particles(基本粒子) moving around, and there is no law of physics that says one can’t build machines more intelligent than us in all ways. This suggests that we’ve only seen the tip of the intelligence iceberg and that there is an amazing potential to unlock the full intelligence that is potential in nature and use it to help humanity.

If we get it right, the upside is huge. Since everything we love about civilization is the product of intelligence, amplifying(扩大) our own intelligence with AI has the potential to solve tomorrow’s toughest problems. For example, why risk our loved ones dying in traffic accidents that self-driving cars could prevent or dying of cancers that AI might help us find cures for? Why not increase productivity through automation and use AI to accelerate our research and development of affordable sustainable(可持续的) energy?

I’m optimistic that we can develop rapidly with advanced AI as long as we win the race between the growing power of our technology and the knowledge with which we manage it. But this requires giving up our outdated concept of learning from mistakes. That helped us win the race with less powerful technology: We messed up with fire and then invented fire extinguishers, and we messed up with cars and then invented seat belts. However, it’s an awful idea for more powerful technologies, such as nuclear weapons or superintelligent AI—where even a single mistake is unacceptable and we need to get things right the first time.

1.How do many people feel about leading AI researchers’ predictions?

A. Acceptable　　 B. Curious

C. Doubtful　　 D. Disappointed

2.What does the author think of intelligence?

A. We know little about it.　　 B. It belongs to human beings.

C. It is too difficult to understand.　　 D. We have a good command of it.

3.What does the underlined word “upside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Cost.　　 B. Potential.

C. Quantity.　　 D. Advantage.

4.What’s important for us in the race between people and technology?

A. Learning from failure.　　 B. Increasing our intelligence.

C. Avoiding making mistakes.　　 D. Making accurate predictions.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Instant Expert: Artificial Intelligence

Like it or not, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is starting to influence your life. Machines that have learned how to perform a task-or a huge range of tasks-better than humans are proving to be an invaluable resource. Join our speakers on a journey through the fascinating world of AI and give your own intelligence and instant upgrade.

Speakers:

Michael Veale, Lecturer in digital rights and regulation at University College London

Nello Cristianini, Professor of Artificial Intelligence at the University of Bristol

Lydia Nicholls, Researcher and writer

Helmut Hauser, Senior Lecturer in Robotics at the University of Bristol

Aleksandra Berditchevskaia, Nesta Senior Researcher at the Center for Collective Intelligence

Benefits of attending:

Become an expert one day

Open your mind, be inspired

What's included in your ticket:

In depth talks from leading AI researchers

Ask-an-expert Question Time session

Sandwich lunch, plus morning and afternoon refreshments

Exclusive Instant Expert certificate

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Book information:

The event will be held in the Knowledge Center Auditorium, the British Library

Doors will be open at 9:15 am, with talks starting at 10 am as sharp. The event will finish at 5pm.

The schedule/exact running order for the day will be confirmed closed to the event, and will

be emailed to all ticket holders.

Should you require details about disabled access, please contact us at: live@newscientist.com.

Tickets:

Early bird: Save ￡ 20

Standard ticket:￡ 149

Student ticket:￡　 99-Limited Availability

1.The attraction of the event lies in the fact that it_

A.Provides three hot meals

B.gifts one copy of Lydia Nicholls' book

C.gives magazine subscribers free services

D.arranges particular interaction with experts

2.How much should a farther pay if he buys tickets for himself and his 15-year-old daughter?

A.￡ 119 B.￡ 169

C.￡ 288 D.￡ 248

3.The purpose of the passage is to

A.try to persuade us to enjoy AI

B.tell us about the influence of Al

C.attract us to join in an event of AI

D.inform us of the information about AI

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Rapid progress in artificial intelligence, also called AI, and the wide use of robots across different industries are causing the worry about the growth in joblessness. People have different opinions on this development, and they mainly have focused on what to do to make sure that robots don't steal jobs.

Bill Cates, for example, have called for taxing(对…征税)robots that take away jobs. This has led to disagreement from other leading figures, such as Larry Summers, who thinks that robots are job creators and that it is totally wrong. Another idea is to use a basic income for all-the ides that everyone receives the lowest income-to pay for influence of technological unemployment. This idea also causes disagreement.

However, jobs are not created or lost because of a single technology, but because of the business system designed to make use of the power of the technology.

We have seen a similar example in history, with recorded music in the last century. It wasn't the 1930s recording technology itself that affected the jobs of the live musicians. It was its connection with radio broadcasting，jukeboxes(自动唱机)and the way businesses operated that led to the job losses. Hotels, restaurants and bars replaced live musicians with jukeboxes. A single recording could be placed over and over without requiring the appearance of the musicians.

The early recording of music destroyed the jobs of some live musicians and made them earn less money than before. The social dissatisfaction was largely about monopoly power(垄断势力)and less about the technology itself.

Job creation or loss has to be considered with everything considered. This is the best explained by looking at the difference between recorded music in the last century and robots now.

1.What's people's main attention according to the first paragraph?

A.Artificial intelligence. B.The growing opportunities.

C.Not letting robots take away jobs. D.Stopping the wide use of robots.

2.What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.The idea of taxing robots. B.The belief that robots steal jobs.

C.Rapid progress in artificial intelligence. D.Disagreement between leading figures.

3.What can we know about Larry Summers?

A.He agrees with Bill Gates' opinion. B.He thinks robots can create jobs.

C.He supports the idea of taxing robots. D.He praises using a basic income for all

4.What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?

A.There will be more social dissatisfaction in the future.

B.Monopoly power is a terrible social phenomenon.

C.We should tell job creation or loss with full consideration.

D.Recorded music is completely different from robots.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors(传感器) and artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.

Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles.

From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units（RSUs）about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network. A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize(制定策略) and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviours. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.

Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behaviour.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles.

B. The importance of artificial intelligence of self-driving vehicles.

C. The reasons for developing communication between self-driving vehicles.

D. The research about applications for self-driving vehicles.

2.What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2?

A. Alarm.　　 B. Blame.

C. Ignore.　　 D. Govern.

3.What can we learn about roadside units (RSUs)?

A. They recognize the vehicles on the road.

B. They can improve bad road conditions.

C. They take control of the passing vehicles.

D. They serve as efficient information stations.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A. Different kinds of vehicle communication.

B. Importance of high level AI.

C. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication.

D. Ways to improve our communication with vehicles.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Artificial intelligence, or AI, has been applied in a wide range of fields to perform specific tasks, including education, finance, heavy industry, transportation, and so on.

Education

There are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to children ranging from biology to computer science, though such tools have not become widespread yet. Advancements in natural language processing, combined with machine learning, have also enabled automatic grading of assignments. AI has also led to an explosion in popularity of MOOCs, or Massive Open Online Courses, which allows students from around the world to take classes online.

Finance

Use of AI in banking can be tracked back to 1987. Banks use artificial intelligence systems to organize operations, maintain book-keeping, invest in stocks, and manage properties. Also, systems are being developed, like Atria, to translate complex data into simple and personable language. There are also wallets, like Wallet AI, which monitor an individual’s spending habits and provides ways to improve them.

Heavy industry

Robots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans. Robots have proven effective in jobs that are very repetitive which may lead to mistakes or accidents due to failure in concentration and other jobs which humans may find degrading.

Transportation

Today’S cars can have AI-based driver assist features such as self-parking and advanced cruise controls. AI in transportation is expected to provide safe, efficient, and reliable transportation while minimizing the impact on the environment and communities.

Toys and games

Companies like Mattel have been creating AI-enabled toys for kids as young as age three. Using proprietary AI engines and speech recognition tools, they are able to understand conversations, give intelligent responses and learn quickly. AI has also been applied to video games, for example video game bots, which are designed to stand in as opponents where humans aren’t available or desired.

1.Which is true about AI and education?

A.Robots have been widely used to teach children.

B.AI has been used to grade students’ homework.

C.AI has enabled more students to receive education at school.

D.Education was the first field where A1 was used.

2.Which can be inferred from the passage?

A.Atria can help people understand complex data.

B.Wallet AI can help people make more money.

C.Robots’ jobs are considered dangerous to humans.

D.Robots can help people concentrate.

3.From the last two paragraphs we can know that_______________.

A.Today’s drivers needn’t learn to park their cars

B.AI ensures safe, efficient, and reliable transportation

C.AI-enabled toys is designed to improve kids’ intelligence

D.Video game bots can fight against you in video games

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A.The latest progress in AI. B.AI is of great use.

C.Some applications of AI. D.AI is used in all fields.

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

China's largest search engine Baidu has said it will make its latest artificial intelligence (AI) technology accessible to developers and businesses as part of the company's latest move into AI, big data and cloud computing.

AI solution "Tianzhi" was launched at a cloud-computing summit held in Beijing Wednesday. It includes services in three fields: sensing technology, such as image and voice processing, machine learning, and deep learning, an advanced form of machine learning, said Zhang Yaqin, CEO of the Nasdaq-listed company, at the summit.

Developers can access facial or voice recognition, algorithms（演算法） for data analysis and projections, and deep learning applications, Zhang said, adding that the technology could help users innovate in their sectors.

"With more devices connected to the cloud, enterprises will use cloud computing and AI more frequently," said Wu Hequan, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering, "Open AI technology can play a bigger role."

The company also revealed a plan to invest 10 billion yuan (1.45 billion U.S. dollars) in cloud computing in the next five years and establish an innovation center, which will serve 10 million enterprises.

1.What is the main idea of paragraph one?

A. Baidu will further develop its latest AI technology.

B. Baidu has attracted developers’ and businesses’ attention.

C. Users will be able to access Baidu’s latest AI technology.

D. A company will move to AI, big data and cloud computing.

2.“Tianzhi” includes services in the following fields EXCEPT _____.

A. sensing technology

B. voice processing

C. machine learning

D. deep learning

3.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph four probably mean?

A. It’s important for AI technology to be open.

B. AI technology is more important than the cloud.

C. People aren’t aware of the importance of AI technology.

D. Enterprises will hardly benefit from open AI technology.

4.What is Baidu’s next move according to the last paragraph?

A. Reveal a plan to invest in cloud computing.

B. Invest 10 billion yuan to serve enterprises.

C. Get invested from enterprises in the next five years.

D. Invest in computing and build an innovation center.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析