One argument for why robots will never fully measure up to people is because they lack human-like social skills. But researchers are experimenting with new methods to give robots social skills to better interact with humans.
The experiment was carried out by researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT). The team developed a machine learning system for self-driving vehicles that is designed to learn the social characteristics of other drivers. The researchers studied driving situations to learn how other drivers on the road were likely to behave. Since not all human drivers act the same way, the data was meant to teach the driverless car to avoid dangerous situations.
The researchers say the technology uses tools borrowed from the field of social psychology. In this experiment, scientists created a system that attempted to decide whether a person's driving style is more selfish or selfless. In road tests, self-driving vehicles equipped with the system improved their ability to predict what other drivers would do by up to 25 percent.
In one test, the self-driving car was observed making a left-hand turn. The study found the system could cause the vehicle to wait before making the turn if it predicted the oncoming drivers acted selfishly and might be unsafe. But when oncoming vehicles were judged to be selfless, the self-driving car could make the turn without delay because it saw less risk of unsafe behavior.
The MIT team plans to expand its research model to include other things that a self-driving vehicle might need to deal with. These include predictions about people walking around traffic, as well as bicycles and other things found in driving environments. The researchers say they believe the technology could also be used in vehicles with human drivers. It could act as a warning system against other drivers judged to be behaving aggressively.
1.What is the purpose of the new research?
A.To reduce human drivers' mistakes.
B.To develop a machine learning system.
C.To give robots human-like social skills.
D.To prove robots can never replace humans.
2.What caused the self-driving car to wait or turn quickly?
A.The colors of the traffic lights.
B.The orders from police officer.
C.The directions from human drivers.
D.The oncoming driver's driving style.
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A.More traffic participants will be involved in the research.
B.Other colleges will be invited to join in the project.
C.New rules will be developed for road users.
D.Human drivers will give way to robots.
4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Entertainment. B.Science.
C.Education. D.Business.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is an ancient form of healthcare that dates back over 2,500 years, which aims to prevent or cure disease by maintaining or restoring yinyang balance. Fundamentally, TCM seeks to restore a dynamic balance between two complementary forces, yin(passive) and yang(active) . According to the yinyang theory, a person is healthy when harmony exists between these two forces; illness, on the other hand, results from a breakdown in the balance.
TCM practitioners(从业者) look to treat the root cause of disease and take a holistic approach to helping people experience complete recovery without the use of conventional drugs. TCM is “holistic” because it takes into account all aspects of a patient's life, rather than just several obvious symptoms. TCM practitioners view the body as a complex system, rather than separate organs. They use smell, hearing, touch, and pulse diagnosis(诊断) to discover the source of an unbalanced health condition. In addition, the practitioner typically makes use of what is known as five phases(wuxing) . Using the five-phase theory, the practitioner can create a plan for treatment that might contain such components as herbs, lifestyle changes, and foods for recovery.
Over the past several decades, TCM has been going global. It is now practiced in 183 countries and regions with 86 of them signing agreements with China to promote it. More and more medical schools are now recognizing the importance of training students and staff in “mind-body” practices that emphasize disease prevention and holistic treatments. A study of 3,200 physicians, conducted by Health Products Research, indicates that more than 50 percent of physicians in the U. S. planned to begin or increase use of TCM.
1.What is the most important to stay healthy according to TCM?
A.Having as little yin as possible. B.Ensuring much yang all the time.
C.Staying away from conventional drugs. D.Keeping the balance between yin and yang.
2.Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “holistic”?
A.optimistic B.dull
C.systematic D.passive
3.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A.The globalization of TCM. B.The history of TCM.
C.The significance of TCM. D.The benefits of TCM.
4.On what theories is TCM based according to this passage?
A.Practitioner and patient. B.Yinyang and wuxing.
C.Diagnosis and cure. D.Prevention and treatment.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In Van Nuys California, a beagle(猎兔犬) was dropped off at the city pound because he was too old and had gained so much weight; the owner didn't want him anymore. The people at the shelter guessed that the beagle was 7-8 years old, so he still had a lot of life left, if he could be brought back to a normal weight.
Unfortunately, dog pounds don't have the time or resources to work an abandoned animal back into good health. Plus, people don't like to adopt animals that are terribly overweight. Without someone's stepping in, this beagle would probably have been put down by giving a drug to end his suffering.
Thankfully the good people of Karma Rescue, a non-profit organization which provides life-saving aid for pets in trouble, came to his rescue. He was given the name Darwin. Karma rescues a number of dogs, and they were still surprised at what appeared to be neglect(忽略) of the dog for its entire life.
Darwin was about twice the weight that he should have been and even had a hard time walking. Having a beagle, we know how quickly a beagle can become overweight, which puts stress on their heart and causes other health issues.
Beagles will eat anything put in front of them, and will eat it all. They don't know when or how to stop eating. We have experienced this when our beagle has gotten into our trash, gotten food on the kitchen counter, and even eaten a bag of chocolate chips. Thankfully our beagle survived his hard times and we have learned to “beagle proof(防护) ” the house when we leave.
Darwin was in for a long journey back to health, but with the support of many people, he is down to a normal beagle weight and he is well on his way.
1.The underline word “pound” in Paragraph l probably refers to a place_____________.
A.where dogs are trained to hunt B.where people can buy or sell pets
C.where sick or injured pets are treated D.where homeless dogs are temporarily kept
2.What would have happened to Darwin without Karma Rescue's help?
A.He would have been poisoned to death.
B.He would have been abandoned in the wild.
C.He would have been adopted by a kind couple.
D.He would have been returned to his former owner.
3.What may they do to “beagle proof” the house before leaving?
A.Leave all the doors open. B.Place the trash near the beagle.
C.Put all the food out of the beagle's reach. D.Build a thick and strong wall around the house.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Transformation of an Abandoned Beagle
B.Karma Rescue, a Non-profit Organization
C.How to Keep Your Beagle in Shape
D.Kind People Bring Good Luck
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Below are the future optional majors for you to take into consideration before entering college.
Architecture
Degree: Bachelor of Arts
Architecture is the design of the built environment: buildings and their surroundings. As a profession, it is an art, science, and business with careers(职业)available in schools of architecture, and in architectural research. Department of Architecture Design 101 Alumni Hall Phone: 513-529-7210
Accountancy
Degree: Bachelor of Science
Accountancy is the language of business. Accountants prepare profit and loss statements, cost studies, and tax reports. They can work for any size firms, ranging from a large international firm to a small local accounting practice, and government. Farmer School of Business Student Services Office Phone: 513-529-1712
Journalism
Degree: Bachelor of Arts
Journalism includes the fields of Media & Culture, and Interactive Media Studies. In addition to fundamental reporting, writing, and editing skills, journalism combines the art of communication with the science of digital technology. Graduates may become magazine editors, reporters, or copywriters.
Department of Media, Journalism & Film 206 Williams Hall Phone: 513-529-5893
Anthropology
Degree: Bachelor of Arts
Anthropology is the study of humans. Individuals and societies are complex and dynamic, which means anthropology covers a lot of ground. The study of people can lead to almost any career path, including education, health care, social work, international development, government and human relations.
Department of Anthropology 120 Upham Hall Phone: 513-529-8399
1.Which of the following directly involves the art of communication?
A.Architecture. B.Accountancy.
C.Journalism. D.Anthropology.
2.What is the unique advantages of majoring in anthropology?
A.Graduates will receive further education for free.
B.Graduates will receive a Bachelor of Arts degree.
C.Graduates can apply for a position in government.
D.Graduates have a wider range of job chances.
3.Who is the passage most likely intended for?
A.Ordinary job hunters. B.Senior high school graduates.
C.College staff. D.Social workers.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
This morning we're going to head off down into the wetland, into a very specific kind of wetland called the Prairie fen.
You can find Nate Fuller counting butterflies. The Sarett Nature Center needs an accurate count of Mitchell's satyr butterflies to help preserve one of their last known habitats. They're very particular about the kind of habitat where they can live, which is part of what makes them so rare and amazing indicators for our water quality. Today, Sarett expert Ashley Cole-Wick with Michigan's Natural Features Inventory helps Fuller count. She says "When I first started working on the butterfly in 2013, we had 18 populations and this year in 2019, we have 10."
The Mitchell Seder went on the endangered species list in 1991. Initially it was thought that loss of wetlands contributed to their decline. Fuller says "It's not just habitat availability. Its groundwater and the amount in the quality of groundwater coming into these wetlands seem to be a challenge for the butterfly. Nothing has all been sorted out exactly. ” While the decline is likely a combination of factors. the fact that water quality might contribute is alarming because the wetlands are the headwaters for the Midwest's rivers and streams.
A captive breeding (人工繁殖)program was started four years ago at the Toledo Zoo to help get to the bottom of the mystery. Today Director Ryan Walsh who heads the program says it's been, the only successful captive program. The caterpillars (毛毛虫)spend the winter in a special weather control room that help determine the Mitchell satyrs don't do well below 4. 4 degrees Celsius, a temperature that prevents the Fen wetlands from the hard freezes which kill the insects. With that knowledge, the program produced 1300 new eggs this summer, a development that may go a long way toward restoring the population. And if all goes well, may one day the Mitchell satyr butterfly earn a ticket off Endangered Species List.
1.What are the indicators for the water quality?
A.The habitats. B.The butterflies.
C.The wetlands. D.The experts.
2.What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A.The importance of water quality.
B.Actions taken to protect the butterflies.
C.The reasons why the butterflies decline.
D.The natural conditions for the butterflies.
3.What does the underlined word "restoring" in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A.Preserving. B.Increasing.
C.Recovering. D.Controlling.
4.What can we learn about the butterfly?
A.It can easily be found. B.It is not endangered now.
C.It will die above 4. 4 degree Celsius. D.It can be bred by humans.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
"Ma uka, ma uka ka ua , Ma kai, ma kai ka ua." So sing the children at a kindergarten on the Island of Hawaii. The song is much like "Rain, rain, go away” nursery rhyme, but it has an unusual power: it is one of the tools that have revived a near-dead language.
The decline of Hawaiian was not, as is the case with most disappearing languages, a natural death caused by migration(迁徙)and mass media. In 1896, after American business interests ended the Hawaiian original political system, schools were banned from using it. By the late 20th century, apart from a couple of hundred people on one tiny island, English had replaced Hawaiian and only the old spoke it to each other.
The civil-rights movement brought a revival of interest among the young, centred on the University of Hawaii at Hilo. Larry Kimura, a professor there, was not satisfied that the language should be only a subject at college: he and his students wanted to bring it back to life. The idea for how to do that came from a visiting Maori, who suggested. “language nests", which had successfully revived New Zealand's native language.
In 1985, when educating children in Hawaiian was still banned, Kauanoe Kamana and her husband Pila Wilson, both students of Kimura's, created the first Language nest" at Hilo. Neither was a native speaker, but both were determined, to bring up their children, as such. They gathered a small group of children, including their own son and daughter, and elderly native speakers.
The movement grew: there are now 12 kindergartens and 23 schools involved. The number of children being educated in Hawaiian has risen from 1, 877 in 2008 to 3.028 in 2018. Along with Japanese, Hawaiian is the non-English language most commonly spoken among children.
1.What makes the decline of Hawaiian different from other disappearing languages?
A.The number of its users.
B.The language features it bears.
C.People's unwillingness to use it.
D.The unfair treatment it received.
2.What has been done to save Hawaiian?
A.More schools have been set up.
B.More people are persuaded to stay.
C.More children are exposed to Hawaiian.
D.Government promotes the use of Hawaiian.
3.How does the author feel about the present situation of Hawaiian?
A.Relieved. B.Curious.
C.Anxious. D.Doubtful.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.The Revival of Hawaiian B.The Future of Hawaiian.
C.The History of Hawaiian D.The Development of Hawaiian
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Han Tianheng picked up a carving knife at the age of 6 and never put it down. Today, the 79 year-old artist, one of China's most respected living masters of seal carving(印章雕刻), calligraphy and Chinese painting, still remembers the incident the first time he held a knife in his hand.
“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight," he said, adding that his mother applied ashes because she couldn't afford to take him to a hospital. "The cut left a scar, which is still clear today."
An eye for an eye and blood for blood, the incident didn't set him back. Instead, it aroused his passion for the ancient art form. He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving. Han said.
The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy for the young man in his quest for excellence, and his seal works were harshly criticized by a famous old painter.
Most would have crumbled under the criticism, not Han. It made him even more determined. After six months' hard work, he visited the painter again.
"This time, he asked me to carve a seal for him. This was positive affirmation," Han said. "Praise and criticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life. Praise is candy and criticism is medicine. We can live without candy, but cannot live without medicine when ill."
Han rose to fame during the early 1960s famous for bird and insect seal art. Han's seals are an essential ending part on the paintings of a long list of well-established artists.
“A seal for a good painting is. like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装).An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that matches the whole style," Han said
His seals are full of variety — grand and solemn for Liu Haisu's paintings, light and vivid for Lu Yanshao's, graceful and gentle for Xie Zhiliu's.
"A good seal carver should keep bis own style, and at the same time go well with the painting's style." he said.
1.What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six?
A.He got injured very seriously.
B.He learned how to use a knife.
C.It aroused his interest in seal carving.
D.It helped him learn how hard life was.
2.Which best describes Han's journey of art exploration?
A.Smooth and fruitful. B.Inspiring and lucky.
C.Boring but worthwhile. D.Tough but rewarding.
3.In Han's opinion, what do an experienced tailor and a good seal carver share?
A.The huge respect they earn. B.The flexibility they display at work.
C.The targeted customers they serve. D.The efforts they have to make to succeed.
4.In which section, of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?
A.Education. B.Events.
C.Entertainment. D.People.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Q1: When does the 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon take place?
A: The 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon takes place on Sunday 26 April.
Q2 : I have moved. How do I let you know my change of address?
A; Please email changeofaddress@londonmarathonevents. co. uk with your name, date of birth, telephone number, old address and your new address.
Q3: I need a hotel in London for the weekend of the race — any advice?
A: Virgin Money London Marathon hotel packages are available at Holiday Inn® and other IHG® hotels in and around London, and include a champion's breakfast and coach transfer to the Start Line so you arrive rested and ready to run your victory lap. Visit www. restandrun. holidayinn. com to find out more.
Q4: I am a visually disabled runner. Where can I find out more about running with a guide?
A: If you are a runner with a visual disability and would like to find out more about running with a guide, please contact disability@londonmarathonevents, co. uk.
Q5: What time does the race start?
A: Start times for the 2020 Virgin Money London Marathon are as follows;
09: 05 Elite Wheelchair Races
09: 10 World Para Athletics Marathon Championships Ambulant Athletes
09: 25 The Elite Women's Race
10 :10 The Elite Men's Race, British Athletics & England Athletics Marathon
Championships and Mass Race
Q6: What time do I need to get to the Start?
A: We suggest you get to your Start at least one hour before the race begins. This will allow time for you to use the facilities, warm up and take your position.
Q7: Can I track a runner during the race?
A: Yes. On Race Day, there will be a link to our tracking service on the home page of www. virginmoneylondonmarathon. com. The best way to track a runner is by using the runner's running number. If you do not have the running number, it is also possible to search for a runner by surname.
1.Which address should you contact if you need to run with a guide?
A.www. restandrun. holidayinn. com.
B.disability@londonrnarathonevents. co. uk.
C.www. virginmoneylondonmarathon. com.
D.changeofaddress@londonmarathoncvents. co. uk.
2.If Ann attends the Elite Women's Race, what's the best time to get to the Start?
A.08: 20. B.09: 05.
C.09: 10. D.09:25.
3.How can we track a runner during the race?
A.With the address. B.With the running number.
C.With the first name. D.With the telephone number.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Dr Robert Hutchings Goddard is regarded as the father of modern rocket propulsion(推进)。As a physicist of great insight,Goddard also had his unique gift for invention.It was in honor of this brilliant scientist that NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland,was set up on May 1,1959.
Goddard first obtained public notice in 1907 in a cloud of smoke from a powder rocket fired in, the basement of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute's physics building.School officials took an immediate interest in the work of the student Goddard. The school's administration,to his surprise,did not expel him.He thus began his lifetime of fine work.
In 1914,Goddard received two U.S.patents.One was for a rocket using liquid fuel.The other was for a two-or three-stage rocket using solid fuel.
By 1926,Goddard had constructed and successfully tested the first rocket using liquid fuel. At that time,Goddard' s rockets left little impression on government officials.Only through modest amount of money from the Smithsonian Institution and the Daniel Guggenheim Foundation was Goddard able to sustain his devoted research and testing.
Goddard' s greatest engineering contributions were made during his work in the 1920s and 1930s.He received a total of $10,000 from the Smithsonian by 1927,and through the personal efforts of Charles A.Lindbergh,he later received financial support from the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation.
Goddard 's work largely anticipated the later German V-2 missiles in technical detail.His rocket flight in 1929 carried the first scientific payload(有效负荷),a barometer(气压计)and a camera.During World War II,Goddard was appointed by the U.S.Navy to the development of practical jet-assisted takeoff and liquid propellant(推进燃料)rocket motors capable of variable thrust.In both areas,he was successful.Robert H.Goddard died on August 10,1945,four days after the first atomic bomb was dropped on Japan.
1.What was NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt established for?
A.To attract people's attention.
B.To make Goddard famous.
C.To show respect to Goddard.
D.To introduce Goddard 's invention.
2.According to Paragraph 2,how did the school officials respond to what Goddard did in the physics building in 1907?
A.They wanted to know more about it.
B.They were disappointed at it.
C.They made him drop out of school.
D.They ordered him to stop it.
3.What does the underlined word"sustain"in the fourth paragraph mean?
A.Delay. B.Reduce.
C.Create. D.Continue.
4.When probably was Goddard chosen to work to develop practical jet-assisted takeoff?
A.In 1927. B.In 1929.
C.In 1940. D.In 1946.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Kids,whose imaginations have no limit,frequently come up with inventive ideas.However,few see them come to life mainly because adults don't believe in their practicality.That is about to change thanks to Little Inventors,an innovative(创新的)project that connects inventors to producers and artists who can help bring even the most impossible invention ideas to life.
The project is the brainchild of Dominic Wilcox,a British artist and inventor,who is world-famous for his fun creations like GPS shoes that can find their way home.Wilcox,who was encouraged to create things at a very young age by his teacher,believes that"we are all born creators"and thinks children's ideas are just as valuable as those of adults'.
The chain of events leading to the founding of Little Inventors dates back to a series of workshops held by Wilcox around his hometown of Sunderland,England in 2015.The 19 events, organized to encourage children aged 5-12 to describe their ideas,were a huge success,attracting over 300 kids and resulting in more than 450 fun inventions.The designs were presented to a group of twenty-three local artists and producers who selected one idea and then worked alongside its young creator to bring it to life.
The success of the workshops has led to the creation of Little Inventors.The website allows inventors from all over the world to submit their invention ideas.Though not all submissions will be built,inventors will receive valuable feedback on their designs and also suggestions on ways to
improve them.So,upload an idea or two to little inventors.org and see if you can make your crazy,or world-changing invention a reality.
1.What is"Little Inventors"?
A.It's a company. B.It's an organization.
C.It's a task. D.It's a school.
2.What is the purpose of the Little Inventors?
A.To help bring children's imaginative ideas to life.
B.To help avoid children's failure.
C.To call on adults to help children invent things.
D.To persuade adults into inventing with children.
3.What can we lean about Wilcox from the text?
A.He took great interest in his teacher's inventions like GPS shoes.
B.He started thinking creatively when he was very young.
C.He was well-known to the world as a British artist.
D.He was encouraged to make inventions by his parents.
4.Which of the following can correctly show the order of the workshops' work?
a. collecting kids' ideas
b.artists and producers helping bringing the ideas to life
c.organizing events
d.encouraging kids to describe their ideas
e.presenting kids' ideas to artists and producers
A.bcdea B.acbed
C.ecdab D.cdaeb
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析