Imagine you are floating in space on a huge N...

Imagine you are floating in space on a huge NASA spacecraft. A satellite is on a collision course with your spaceship. You have just been told by your commanders on Earth to evacuate. You and your teammates have to make rapid decisions for your escape and survival.

Engaging children in a NASA mission (任务) is a lesson that 23 pre-service teachers (职前教师)were taught to carry out at a recent Pre-Service Teacher Institute (PSTI) summer workshop (讲习班)at NASA’s Ames Research Center.

At this two-week workshop, these college students were given hands-on activities designed to increase their skills in teaching STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) . They were shown how to include NASA missions and research into their lesson plans. They met with NASA engineers and were given tours of NASA facilities (设施)by the latter to help them develop and teach a problem-based lesson to children.

“NASA is pleased to support college students who want to teach STEM to young children,” said Lewis Braxton, director of the research center. “It was exciting to see PSII students fully engaged in developing new skills in STEM to meet the challenges of a space-related teaching task,” said Steve Price, the principal investigator of PSTI at California State University, Fresno.

“PSTI has provided me with the necessary tools and techniques to fully develop my skills as a teacher. I’ll use what I’ve learned to help my students succeed in their studies,” said Elijah Carnillo, one of the pre-service teachers.

1.What does the underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A.Withdraw.

B.Wait.

C.Follow.

D.Resist.

2.What is the purpose of the PSTI workshop?

A.To invite students to engage in NASA missions.

B.To encourage graduates to work at NASA.

C.To introduce the latest space technology.

D.To help with space-related STEM teaching.

3.What did NASA engineers do for the PSTI students?

A.They graded their homework.

B.They adjusted their work schedules.

C.They built them a spacecraft model.

D.They showed them some space equipment.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.PSTI: Getting You Ready for Your Class

B.STEM: The Key to a Successful Career

C.Space: The Final Homework Frontier

D.NASA: The Home of Astronauts

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

There are certain areas on Mars where we don’t dare tread. NASA forbids spacecraft from visiting spots that possibly host liquid water, and so where life might be able to thrive, for fear of contaminating (感染) Mars with Earth microbes. But an analysis of the salty liquids on Mars suggests we needn’t worry, because life as we know it should be unable to exist anywhere on the planet’s surface.

Edgard Rivera-Valentin at the Lunar and Planetary Institutein Texas and his colleagues used readings of the temperature and relative humidity across Mars to map the presence of salty water. Any water on the surface is likely to be salty, simply because the surface is. This boosts the chances of water being liquid because salt lowers its freezing point.

It is like when you throw salt on an icy sidewalk, says Danielle Nuding at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. “It’s the same chemistry happening.”

Unfortunately, the saltier the water, the less likely anything can survive in it. The team found that even though there could be briny (盐分多的) water on the surface of Mars up to 18 per cent of the year, depending on the season, no microbe we have ever seen on Earth would be able to reproduce there.

Life as we know it is not going to find these brines and survive because it’s either going to be way too cold or way too salty,” says Rivera-Valentin, who presented the results at the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference in Texas.

That doesn’t mean we can’t contaminate Mars: brines with different types of salts mixed together might be friendlier to life and temperatures just below the surface are much less extreme. Nevertheless, as long as we don’t dig down, it might be highly unlikely or even impossible for rovers (飞行器) such as Curiosity to contaminate Mars.

“The level of sterilization (杀菌) that we’ve done with Curiosity should be good enough to ignore the ban on visiting what we’ve been calling special regions until now, says Jennifer Hanley at Lowell Observatory in Arizona. I think that we’re OK to go. Visiting these regions would be particularly helpful because, while they are in theory the most vulnerable areas on Mars, they are also the most interesting.

For example, arguments have been raging for over a decade about whether dark streaks on Martian slopes called recurring slope lineae are flowing water or just dust. A quick visit by Curiosity, which is near an area where the flows often form, could solve it once and for all.

Even if areas with water are inhospitable to Earth life, they could still be home to native Martian life forms.

“If you had life that originated on Mars when it was more habitable, it could be that as Mars changed, life could have gradually adapted to the new, more extreme conditions,” says Rivera-Valentin.

1.NASA forbids spacecraft from visiting the special regions on Mars because　　　　　　　　 .

A.life is unable to thrive there, thus there’s no point of visiting them

B.Martian life probably exists there and might threaten human beings

C.they worry Earth microbes might survive there, thus contaminating Mars

D.human beings know nothing about these areas and they are dangerous to us

2.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Mars surface being salty provides evidence that Mars hosts liquid water.

B.Earth life is unlikely to contaminate Mars because the surface of the planet is either too cold or too salty.

C.The fear of contaminating Mars is unnecessary because human beings won’t contaminate Mars under any circumstances.

D.Jennifer Hanley thinks human beings should explore the special regions on Mars in order to confirm the existence of Martian life.

3.What is the point of visiting the special regions on Mars?

A.Martian life might be found.

B.Liquid water might be found.

C.Many puzzles about Mars could soon be solved.

D.No humans have ever visited those regions before.

4.In the passage, you can find the answers to all the questions except　　　　　　　　 .

A.whether the surface of Mars is salty or not

B.whether any native Martian life forms exist

C.whether Earth life is able to survive on Mars or not

D.whether the rover Curiosity will contaminate Mars

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

—We are really making great progress in exploring space.

—Imagine how pleased the whole is ________ the news!

A. hearing　　 B. to hear

C. heard　　 D. to be hearing

高三英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Can you imagine the astronauts’___________ in space？

高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Today, China has conducted its first 3D printing experiment in space in a newly launched spacecraft, which was put into low-Earth orbit by China's Long March 5B heavylift carrier rocket.

Video broadcast on CCTV showed that the printer has printed a flat section of a honeycomb-shaped （蜂巢状）structure as well as a symbol of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp, the parent company of the China Academy of Space Technology. The experiment was done by a 3D printer, developed and built by its Beijing Spacecrafts Manufacturing Factory, inside the prototype of China's new — generation manned spacecraft.

The printer, named the Space-Based Composite Material 3D Printing System, uses carbon fiber-reinforced materials to autonomously print objects. It is installed in the reentry module of the experimental spaceship, and will be brought back to Earth once the module returns.

The printer features advanced technologies in material modeling, precision control and automation. Once the space-based 3D printing technology becomes operationally ready, it can extensively benefit space programs as astronauts can use it to manufacture a lot of things they currently need to obtain from resupply flights by cargo spacecraft.

Wang Yanan, editor-in-chief of the Aerospace Knowledge magazine, said the 3D Printer will be very useful in extended space missions, such as those in a space station, because it will allow astronauts to make components quickly and conveniently in space. The technology will save future space journeys considerable resources and costs.

In fact, the device is not the only representative of 3D printing onboard the Prototype.

A CubeSat deployer, designed and made through 3D printing by CoSats Space Technology, is also carried by the spacecraft to check the adaptability of 3D-printed equipment in space. CoSats Chief Operating Officer Bai Ruixue said the 3D-Printed deployer is much lighter and stronger than its counterparts and it will have huge Potential in the space industry.

1.What did the video broadcast on CCTV show to the audience?

A.The process and the products of the 3D printing.

B.The name and the shape of the 3D printer.

C.The significance of the 3D printing technology.

D.The relationship between the two companies.

2.What if a component is broken in the space station now?

A.It has to be sent by spaceship back to earth for repair.

B.The astronauts can fix it conveniently by hand on the spot.

C.The astronauts make one using 3D printing and replace it.

D.It has to be unloaded and abandoned in space.

3.Why is the last paragraph mentioned?

A.To introduce the CubeSat deployer produced in space.

B.To explain the advantages of the 3D printing in space.

C.To show the adaptability of 3D printing in space.

D.To indicate a bright future of 3D printing in space.

4.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.3D printing experiment conducted in space.

B.3D printing set to help ease space trips.

C.3D printing launched by Long March 5B.

D.3D printing—a new way to explore space.

高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

Particulate Matter

There are things floating around in the air. Most of them, you can not even see. They are a kind of air pollution called particles or particulate matter. In fact, particulate matter may be the air pollutant that most commonly affects people’s health.

Have a Look.

Particles can come in almost any shape or size, and can be solid particles or liquid droplets.1. These two groups differ in many ways. One of the differences is size, we call the bigger particles PM 10 and we call the smaller particles PM 2.5.

BIG.

The big particles are between 2.5 and 10 micrometers (from about 25 to 100 times thinner than a human hair). These particles are called PM 10 (we say ―PM ten, which stands for Particulate Matter up to 10 micrometers in size).2.

SMALL.

The small particles are smaller than 2.5 micrometers (100 times thinner than a human hair).3.We say ―PM two point five, as in Particulate Matter up to 2.5 micrometers in size.The smaller particles are lighter and they stay in the air longer and travel farther. PM 10 particles can stay in the air for minutes or hours while PM 2.5 particles can stay in the air for days or weeks.And travel? 4. PM 2.5 particles go even farther; many hundreds of miles.

Particulate Matter and Your Health.

When you breathe, you take in the air along with any particles in the air, like heavy metal sand cancer causing organic compounds. Both PM 10 and PM 2.5 particles can cause health problems, specifically respiratory (呼吸的) health.5. Exposure to particulate matter leads to increased use of medication and more visits to the doctor or emergency room.

A.These particles are called PM 2.5.

B.We divide particles into two major groups.

C.These particles cause less severe health effects.

D.PM 10 particles can travel as much as 30 miles.

E.Air pollution is a growing problem in the whole world.

F.PM 2.5 can have worse health effects than the bigger PM 10.

G.Air pollutants have great effects on our environment and our health.

高三英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Since the end of its own space shuttle program in 2011, the US has used Russian Soyuz spacecraft every time it wants to transport humans to and from space. While NASA is busy working on its own solution, the agency has increasingly turned to US private companies, such as Elon Musk’s SpaceX, to meet its off-planet transportation needs. Although SpaceX has successfully flown cargo (货物)flights for NASA since 2012 via the reusable Dragon spacecraft, the company has yet to launch humans in its so-called Crew Dragon capsule. Originally scheduled to launch in 2017, the program has seen multiple delays. After all, it is rocket science and the path has not been easy.

But 2019 seemed different. NASA’s pre-purchased Soyuz flights had run out by the end of 2019, and SpaceX, along with Boeing, had scheduled all its final tests to achieve certification in time to pick up where Soyuz left off. On March 2, the Crew Dragon capsule was launched on a run without crew toward the International Space Station (ISS). The flight, known as Demo-1, went successfully.

The next major milestone scheduled was the in-flight abort test (飞行中止测试)，another dry mission meant to test the reliability of the abort system that would save the crew in case of any accident during launch. The plan was to use the same capsule from the Demo-1 flight. But SpaceX never got the chance.

In April 2019, the company ran what was supposed to be a routine test, firing certain rockets with the capsule anchored firmly to the ground. Some 100 milliseconds before the engines fired, a leak of oxidizer caused an explosion that completely destroyed the capsule.

SpaceX spent the rest of spring and early summer figuring out what had gone wrong and pushing preparations for a replacement capsule. While the problem is now solved and the Crew Dragon spacecraft for Demo-2 has arrived at the launch site, NASA and SpaceX haven’t set an exact date for the first test flight with astronauts to the ISS.

1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A.US tends to continue reliance on Russian Soyuz spacecrafts.

B.SpaceX can cover all NASA’s off-planet transportation needs.

C.NASA has not ceased developing its space travel technology.

D.Russia and SpaceX are competing for US space transportation.

2.The underlined word “dry” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to .

A.without crew B.without cargo C.without a capsule. D.without fuels

3.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A.A Ray of Hope for Space Exploration

B.The Rough Road to Launching A Dragon

C.Opportunities for Elon Musk’s SpaceX

D.Doubts about Off-planet Transportation

高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

1.What does the underlined sentence indicate in the CJS comment?

A. In the Wandering Earth, everyone works together to save the earth.

B. In a Hollywood film, everyone helps a superhero to save the earth.

C. All characters in a Hollywood film are ordinary and great people.

D. The Wandering Earth differs from typical Hollywood films in cast.

2.In Sylphs opinion, this movie actually shows______

A. human concerns B. cultural differences

C. survival skills D. environmental disasters

3.What does Steve mainly talk about?

A. The movie 's cast. B. The movies plot.

C. The movies lines D. The movie's drawbacks

4.Mike makes his comment in terms of

A. stony lines B. special effects C. novel adaptations D. the setting

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Houston, Texas (June 8. 2002)–in 2004, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) will send two robots to separate places of Mars to seek out past or present signs of water. It is an exciting idea to send two robots driving over very different places of Mars at the same time, to be able to see what is on the other side of the hill.

Last month, NASA announced it was sending one robot to Mars, but after two weeks, it decided there was enough money for two. The robots will be sent up within two weeks of each other in May and June of 2003 from Kennedy Space Center. If all goes well, the two spacecraft will touch down on Mars, after a seven-and –a-half-month space flight, on January 2 and 20, 2004.

The robots, each weighing 150 kilograms, can cover 100 meters per day. They are designed to be able to examine the mineral content of the soil, and their special camera will take pictures of the lands and hills. Although they will be under control from the earth, the robots are able to move more freely compared to those sent up before them.

The actual landing points have not been determined yet, but the scientists say it will be in areas where they hope to find water.

49.According to the news report, scientists plan to send robots up to Mars to _____.

A.find out whether there is water on Mars   B.see if robots can find minerals there

C.test how fast robots can drive there                 D.prove that robots can work on Mars

50.How long in between will the two robots be sent to Mars?

A.1 year       B. 7.5 months                  C. 2 months       D. 2 weeks

51. One of the important jobs for the robots on Mars is to _______.

A.study the soil                                     B. walk everywhere

C.test the new camera                                D. find a suitable landing point

52. We can infer from the last sentence that scientists ________.

A. have changed the landing points many times  B. hope to land the robots on the surface of water

C. are still working on the plan                      D. know where they can find water

高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Imagine you are on a long car trip. It is night and you take a wrong turn onto a dark country road. With a sinking feeling, you realize that you have no idea where you are.

1., and the answer is written in light. A shining compass face, with north, south, east and west at the four points, and a big needle are pointing at north. What a relief! You turn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.

For migrating birds, finding their way over long distances through the darkest nights is their second nature. 2. — directions written by light and magnetism (磁力). Some birds journey thousands of miles in their twice-yearly journeys. 3., like mountain ranges and rivers, to help decide the directions; but birds may also navigate using the stars, and by sensing — or even “seeing” — the Earth’s invisible magnetic field.

For many years, scientists have been studying what’s behind the strong ability of migrating birds to find their way to their winter and summer homes. Here is one thing that they agree on. 4.. This compass leads them to make their very first autumn flight in the direction that has been long-travelled by the rest of their species. 5..

A.Then you glance up at the sky

B.So birds are born knowing which way home is

C.They do it in part by reading directions in the sky

D.Magnetism is important for all animals, especially birds and fishes

E.When they’re on the way, they take the advantage of familiar landmarks

F.Migratory baby birds are already equipped with a kind of present inner compass

G.In birds, migration means two-way journeys — onward journey and backward journey

高三英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析