C
The Tasmanian devil is a rare marsupial(有袋动物)that lives only on the Australian island state of Tasmania. The doglike animal is rapidly disappearing. The Tasmanian state government estimates that the number of devils has dropped from around 150,000 in the mid-1990s to between 20,000 and 50,000 at the end of 2007.
The devil was declared an endangered species last week. It is being wiped out by a rare cancer called devil facial tumor(肿瘤)disease(DFTD). It spreads like a cold or flu from animal to animal. The disease is passed when one devil bites another. When the marsupial is infected with DFTD, large tumors develop around its mouth and neck. These growths make it impossible for the devil to eat. Many finally die from starvation within six months of being infected. As the name implies, the disease occurs only in Tasmanian devils and cannot be passed to humans.
You’ve got to remember that devils are scavengers(清扫工). They search through garbage for food. Throughout Tasmania people maintain outdoor dumps. If somebody threw out a carcass(兽类尸体), then the devils might actually consume quite large quantities of it.
The disease has not yet appeared in the devil population that lives in the northwest region of Tasmania. Conservationists have captured some of the healthy devils and sent them to a new home on the mainland of Australia. They hope these DFTD-free marsupials can be used to start a captive-breeding population. Once there are more disease-free devils, they can then repopulate the areas of Tasmania where the species are being wiped out.
Tasmanian devils play an important role in keeping the state’s ecosystem in balance. They keep the population of other predators, such as foxes and wild cats, in check. Ray Nias, head of World Wildlife Federation—Australia’s conservation program, says all Tasmanian wildlife will suffer if the devil becomes extinct. “If the devils go and the foxes and cats increase, it would be all over for a good dozen or more species of mammals, many of which are unique to Tasmania.”
46. It can be inferred that the Tasmanian devil is __________.
A. a hard-working street-cleaner B. a grass-eating animal
C. a meat-eating marsupial D. A DFTD origin
47. What’s the reason for making the Tasmanian devil endangered?
A. A rare disease called DFTD occurs in Tasmanian devils.
B. Dogs like to attack Tasmanian devils.
C. Tasmanian people try to wipe out Tasmanian devils.
D. The region of Tasmania is becoming hard for Tasmanian devils to breed.
48. To which question does the last paragraph give the answer?
A. How should people protect the devils?
B. What do the Tasmanian people do with the devils?
C. What happens if the devils disappear?
D. Which animal is closely related to the devils?
49. What measures do Tasmanian people take to stop the devils from being wiped out?
A. Trapping disease-free devils in a new place to breed more young devils.
B. Searching the cause of the disease and finding an effective treatment.
C. Developing new chemicals for the infected animals.
D. Moving all the devils to a new home on the mainland of Australia.
50. What’s true about DFTD?
A. It’s a disease that can be spread to human beings.
B. It’s a cold that occurs only in Tasmanian devils.
C. It’s a flu that Tasmanian devils get from their companions.
D. It’s a cancer that can be passed from one Tasmanian devil to another.
高三英语阅读理解简单题
C
The Tasmanian devil is a rare marsupial(有袋动物)that lives only on the Australian island state of Tasmania. The doglike animal is rapidly disappearing. The Tasmanian state government estimates that the number of devils has dropped from around 150,000 in the mid-1990s to between 20,000 and 50,000 at the end of 2007.
The devil was declared an endangered species last week. It is being wiped out by a rare cancer called devil facial tumor(肿瘤)disease(DFTD). It spreads like a cold or flu from animal to animal. The disease is passed when one devil bites another. When the marsupial is infected with DFTD, large tumors develop around its mouth and neck. These growths make it impossible for the devil to eat. Many finally die from starvation within six months of being infected. As the name implies, the disease occurs only in Tasmanian devils and cannot be passed to humans.
You’ve got to remember that devils are scavengers(清扫工). They search through garbage for food. Throughout Tasmania people maintain outdoor dumps. If somebody threw out a carcass(兽类尸体), then the devils might actually consume quite large quantities of it.
The disease has not yet appeared in the devil population that lives in the northwest region of Tasmania. Conservationists have captured some of the healthy devils and sent them to a new home on the mainland of Australia. They hope these DFTD-free marsupials can be used to start a captive-breeding population. Once there are more disease-free devils, they can then repopulate the areas of Tasmania where the species are being wiped out.
Tasmanian devils play an important role in keeping the state’s ecosystem in balance. They keep the population of other predators, such as foxes and wild cats, in check. Ray Nias, head of World Wildlife Federation—Australia’s conservation program, says all Tasmanian wildlife will suffer if the devil becomes extinct. “If the devils go and the foxes and cats increase, it would be all over for a good dozen or more species of mammals, many of which are unique to Tasmania.”
46. It can be inferred that the Tasmanian devil is __________.
A. a hard-working street-cleaner B. a grass-eating animal
C. a meat-eating marsupial D. A DFTD origin
47. What’s the reason for making the Tasmanian devil endangered?
A. A rare disease called DFTD occurs in Tasmanian devils.
B. Dogs like to attack Tasmanian devils.
C. Tasmanian people try to wipe out Tasmanian devils.
D. The region of Tasmania is becoming hard for Tasmanian devils to breed.
48. To which question does the last paragraph give the answer?
A. How should people protect the devils?
B. What do the Tasmanian people do with the devils?
C. What happens if the devils disappear?
D. Which animal is closely related to the devils?
49. What measures do Tasmanian people take to stop the devils from being wiped out?
A. Trapping disease-free devils in a new place to breed more young devils.
B. Searching the cause of the disease and finding an effective treatment.
C. Developing new chemicals for the infected animals.
D. Moving all the devils to a new home on the mainland of Australia.
50. What’s true about DFTD?
A. It’s a disease that can be spread to human beings.
B. It’s a cold that occurs only in Tasmanian devils.
C. It’s a flu that Tasmanian devils get from their companions.
D. It’s a cancer that can be passed from one Tasmanian devil to another.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
So that in spite of the rare disease, he managed to live as rich and full a life as we do.
A. optimistic and determined Marty was B. was Marty optimistic and determined
C. Marty was optimistic and determined D. optimistic and determined was Marty
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
So _______that in spite of the rare disease, he managed to live as rich and full a life as we do.
A. optimistic and determined was Marty
B. was Marty optimistic and determined
C. Marty was optimistic and determined
D. optimistic and determined Marty was
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Nodira, 18, lives in the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan. She was born with a rare disease and is now paralyzed(瘫痪) from the waist down. Her life is confined to a wheelchair but her dreams know no such boundaries. Her hopes for the future include attending university, riding in her father’s car and being able to walk like other children.
Nodira, which means ‘unique’ in Uzbek, is one of five children in a poor family. Every morning, after reciting her prayers, Nodira feeds the hens and goats from her wheelchair. The rest of her day is spent knitting for other people and helping her mother with the household chores.
Nodira has never been to school because it is too far from her home and inaccessible for her wheelchair. A local teacher used to come and tutor her at home and, as a result, she was able to finish third grade. After that, her parents moved to another town and the tutor could not visit as much.
Despite the many difficulties in Nodira’s life she is lucky to be living with her family. The stigma(羞辱) attached to the children living with disabilities, combined with the lack of wheelchair access in schools and the economic difficulties faced by many Uzbek families, have led many parents to place children with disabilities in special institutions.
These days, Nodira does homework exercises at home and reads as much as she can. Still, it is unlikely that she will be able to finish her primary education, much less attend university. While missing out on an education is a great disappointment to Nodira, her greatest wish, for a true friend, can still come true. “What I want more than anything is a friend who also has a disability,” she says. “Somebody will not feel sorry for me or make fun of me, and will understand what my life is like.”
1.The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means “_____”.
A. her dreams will help her desert her wheel chair
B. her dreams are never limited by her disability
C. she often dreams of moving freely without a wheel chair
D. she never dreams of recovering from her disability
2.Nodira does all the following every day EXCEPT _____.
A. give food to some animals
B. to make clothes from woolen or cotton thread
C. drive cars designed for the disabled
D. help with the housework
3.The underlined word “tutor” in the 3rd paragraph can be replaced by “_____”.
A. educate B. visit C. treat D. comfort
4.What Nodira wants most is ______.
A. to go to university B. to walk on her own feet
C. to finish her primary education D. to find a true friend
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Nodira, 18, lives in the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan.She was born with a rare disease and is now paralyzed(瘫痪) from the waist down.Her life is confined to a wheelchair but her dreams know no such boundaries.Her hopes for the future include attending university, riding in her father’s car and being able to walk like other children.
Nodira, which means ‘unique’ in Uzbek, is one of five children in a poor family.Every morning, after reciting her prayers, Nodira feeds the hens and goats from her wheelchair.The rest of her day is spent knitting for other people and helping her mother with the household chores.
Nodira has never been to school because it is too far from her home and inaccessible for her wheelchair.A local teacher used to come and tutor her at home and, as a result, she was able to finish third grade.After that, her parents moved to another town and the tutor could not visit as much.
Despite the many difficulties in Nodira’s life she is lucky to be living with her family.The stigma(羞辱) attached to the children living with disabilities, combined with the lack of wheelchair access in schools and the economic difficulties faced by many Uzbek families, have led many parents to place children with disabilities in special institutions.
These days, Nodira does homework exercises at home and reads as much as she can.Still, it is unlikely that she will be able to finish her primary education, much less attend university.While missing out on an education is a great disappointment to Nodira, her greatest wish, for a true friend, can still come true.“What I want more than anything is a friend who also has a disability,” she says.“Somebody will not feel sorry for me or make fun of me, and will understand what my life is like.”
1.The underlined sentence in the first paragraph probably means “_____”.
A.her dreams will help her desert her wheel chair
B.her dreams are never limited by her disability
C.she often dreams of moving freely without a wheel chair
D.she never dreams of recovering from her disability
2.Nodira does all the following every day EXCEPT _____.
A.give food to some animals
B.to make clothes from woolen or cotton thread
C.drive cars designed for the disabled
D.help with the housework
3.The underlined word “tutor” in the 3rd paragraph can be replaced by “_____”.
A.educate B.visit C.treat D.comfort
4.What Nodira wants most is ______.
A.to go to university B.to walk on her own feet
C.to finish her primary education D.to find a true friend
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Pycnandra acuminate (喜树) is a rare tree native to New Caledonia that has the rare ability to collect heavy metals like nickel (镍) from the ground. The liquid circulated in its body is blue-green and reportedly contains up to 25% nickel.
In general, trees and heavy metals like nickel don’t really go well together. But Pycnandra acuminata make them live together. And that’s what makes Pycnandra acuminata so special. It sucks out normally poisonous levels of heavy metals from the soil and store them in its trunk, leaves and seeds.
The evolution of Pycnandra acuminate is believed to have occurred over millions of years, but scientists have yet to identify a universal principle of nickel intake and storage. The reason why such trees have formed the way of absorbing metals is also up for debate.
The most popular theory states that the concentration of nickel protects such trees from leaf-chewing insects. And studies have shown that nickel accumulated by these trees indeed harms many insects though some have developed a high tolerance to it. Another theory says nickel has effects of resisting bacteria, which protects the trees from various diseases. However, these theories are all just theories.
One thing that has been proven is the ability of Pycnandra acurninata to clean the soil with poisonous materials caused by human activity. There’s also clear potential for collecting heavy materials like nickel in these kinds of soils that will bring a few profits by conventional ways of mining. People can collect minerals contained in such soils from the blue-green trees。
Unfortunately, Pycnandra acuminata is is recently in a bad situation. Human activity in forests of New Caledonia has made Pycnandra acuminata in danger. Consequently, probably fewer than several hundred trees of this kind have remained as a result of the reduction of our forests.
1.What do we know about Pycnandra acuminata?
A.It has a blue-green color due to metals collected.
B.It is able to collect some heavy metals from the ground.
C.It sucks out a great deal of poisonous underground water.
D.It tends to grow in the soil with plenty of poisonous liquid.
2.What do the theories in paragraph 4 say about Pycnandra acuminata?
A.It indeed protects many insects.
B.It stores most nickel in its roots.
C.It protects itself through the concentration of nickel.
D.It makes its surrounding plants suffer from diseases.
3.What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?
A.Pycnandra acuminata is in danger.
B.Forests are to blame for the reduction of trees.
C.Forests are decreasing as a result of human activity.
D.Pycnandra acuminata is under the protection of people.
4.In which section of a magazine is this next most likely to appear?
A.Bacteria and disease. B.Health and life.
C.Fashion and entertainment. D.Man and nature.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The chaparral ecosystem is a plant and animal community that is relatively rare. It is characterized by shrubland and a specific weather pattern. Winters in this ecosystem are mild and wet, and summers tend to be hot and dry. The state of California in the United States has one of the world's largest chaparral ecosystems. They can also be found in parts of northern Mexico, Australia, Chile, and South Africa.
Wildfires occur frequently in this ecosystem. Lots of very flammable plant growth builds up in between fire seasons. Only about 1539 inches of rainfall each year. Shrub plants of the chaparral are most likely to catch fire in the late summer or early fall. That's because the summers are extra dry. The thought of fire is frightening to people with homes or businesses. However, it is far more dangerous not to have wildfires. When there are no fires, the shrubs take over. Small fires once in a while are beneficial. They keep the plant growth under control. They also act in some other surprising ways. There are some plant species in chaparral ecosystems that cannot reproduce unless there has been a fire. The heat, smoke and changes in the soil that follow a burn actually release seeds from some plants.
What causes the frequent fires in this region? Sometimes lightning strikes will catch plants on fire. However, this accounts for only a small portion of the fires. Humans are the cause of many wildfires. A match, cigarette or campfire left carelessly unattended can cause a fire. Hot, dry winds, like the Santa Ana winds in California, make the fire go wild.If it has been a long time since the last fire, plants will fuel the fire. It is often very difficult for firefighters to put out these fires.
People who live in and near chaparral ecosystems have to clear plants from around their homes. This helps to prevent the home from being damaged in a fire. Wildfires are a natural and important part of a healthy chaparral ecosystem.
1.According to the first two paragraphs, the chaparral ecosystem________.
A. can be found throughout northern Mexico
B. has a lot of rainfall in winters
C. can easily catch fire in summers
D. has few plants and animals
2.What can we infer from the passage?
A. Broadleaves plants are less likely to catch fire here.
B. Shrub plants will damage the ecobalance without wildfires.
C. Plants can't reproduce without wildfires.
D. Humans here are threatened to leave by frequent fires.
3.What can people do to prevent accidental fires?
A. They should be careful with matches, cigarettes and campfires.
B. They should prevent lighting striking.
C. They should train wellequipped firefighters.
D. They should clear flammable plants.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Wildfires are an important part of the chaparral ecosystem.
B. People can take steps to remain safe in the chaparral ecosystem.
C. Wildfires occur frequently in the chaparral ecosystem.
D. The chaparral ecosystem is relatively rare in the global area.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Why elephants rarely get cancer is a mystery that has confused scientists for decades. A study led by researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute (HCI), at the University of Utah and Arizona State University may have found the answer.
According to the results, elephants have 38 additional modified copies of a gene that encodes p53, a definite tumor suppressor, as compared to humans, who have only two. Further, elephants may have a more powerful mechanism for killing damaged cells that are at risk for becoming cancerous. In isolated elephant cells, this activity is doubled compared to healthy human cells, and five times that of cells from patients with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome, who have only one working copy of p53 and more than a 90 percent lifetime cancer risk in children and adults. The results suggest extra p53 could explain elephants’ increased resistance to cancer.
“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer. It’s up to us to learn how different animals overcome the problem so we can adapt those strategies to prevent cancer in people,” says co-senior author Joshua Schiffman, M.D., pediatric oncologist (儿科肿瘤医生) at Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine.
But Prof Mel Greaves, from the Institute of Cancer Research in London, says we should focus on why humans have such high levels of cancer. He pointed to the rise of unhealthy, cancer-causing behaviors, such as obesity and sunbathing. “You’ve never seen an elephant smoke!” he added.
According to Schiffman, elephants have long been considered a walking problem. Because they have 100 times as many cells as people, they should be 100 times more likely to have a cell slip into a cancerous state and cause the disease over their long life span of 50 to 70 years. And yet analysis of a large database of elephant deaths estimates a cancer death rate of less than 5 percent compared to 11 to 25 percent in people.
1.Why are elephants less likely to get cancer than humans?
A.Elephants are bigger than humans.
B.Elephants have more p53 genes and mechanism killing damaged cells.
C.Elephants are not as clever as humans in walking.
D.Elephants eat more than humans.
2.Which of the following can be the equivalent of the underlined word “suppressor”?
A.multiplier B.complex C.restrainer D.coordinator
3.What’s Prof Mel Greaves’ attitude towards the discovery?
A.Doubtful. B.Neutral. C.Critical. D.Favorable.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Elephants have longer life than people.
B.There is no chance that elephants die from cancer.
C.The rate of elephants dying from cancer is increasing.
D.It was thought theoretically that elephants could get cancer more easily.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
What does an astronaut eat in space? This is a question that will puzzle many, as people rarely think of that. In the early space-travel years, astronauts ate dehydrated (脱水的) foods that were eaten through straws (吸管). In today’s space-age, the food that they eat is totally different. They eat food in the same way as people do on Earth.
Astronauts are able to prepare and eat a variety of foods in space. Some can be eaten in their natural form, like fruits, while some need to add water, like noodles. However, there are no refrigerators, so the food has to be prepared and eaten without being stored for a long time. When the astronauts are hungry, they simply eat the food by opening the food packages and with a fork, knife, and spoon.
Just like people on Earth, astronauts also eat three meals a day which include breakfast, lunch and dinner. Sometimes they also eat snacks. The US space agency NASA has found out that an astronaut’s diet reduces by about 70% on a space mission, though he has a wide range of foods to choose from like nuts, chicken, beef, seafood, and candies. Drinks in the spaceship include coffee, tea, juices, and lemonade.
Astronauts can also request a particular food that they would like to have in space. Scientists are always experimenting and trying out different space foods that can be offered to astronauts when on space missions.
1. Now astronauts eat ________ in space.
A. dehydrated (脱水的) foods B. food as people do on Earth
C. totally different D. food with a lot of water
2. The food the astronauts prepared ________ .
A. can’t be stored for a long time B. is put into refrigerators
C. can be stored for a long time D. can’t be kept in the food packages
3. In space, astronauts ________ like people on Earth.
A. only have nuts, chicken and beef B. only have lunch for a day
C. only drink coffee, tea and lemonade D. also eat three meals a day
4. What is the text mainly about?
A. Astronauts’ space life B. Astronauts’ space work
C. Astronauts’ space food D. Astronauts’ space experiments
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today,it is not rare that people may lose their jobs,so it is perhaps the time to consider the experience of unemployment. What are the first feelings? Well,1. (lose)a job,or not being able to find one,almost always causes sadness.
If you've lost a job,the first feeling is often that of2.(disappoint). The days seem3.(be)getting longer and the time becomes 4.(hard)to fill in. Some people may 5.(have)difficulty in sleeping and eating. They feel depressed,often isolated and lonely. Others may lose confidence in themselves. They are no longer certain about 6.(they)own feelings. Despite all these problems,unemployment may bring good feelings,too. It's nice to be able to lie in bed in the morning,spend more time7. your family and relatives,and have more time to think. It can be a chance for a fresh start. You can use the time to consider8. you really want to get from life and how you can get it. Also you can use the time to plan how to find 9. new job,learn a new skill,or see if you can run your own business and become a success. 10.(possible),a new and better job is already waiting for you.
高三英语语法填空困难题查看答案及解析