Job stress has been known to cause heart prob...

Job stress has been known to cause heart problems in people who already have cardiovascular(心血管) disease. Now Finnish scientists have shown that50  in healthy people the pressure of work can cause damage.

High blood pressure, lack of51, smoking and being overweight52to heart disease—a 53killer in many industrialized countries.

But Mika Kivimaki, of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, and his colleagues, who studied the54histories of 812 healthy Finnish men and women in a metal industry company over 25 years, said job stress also plays an important role.

Workers who had the highest job-related stress levels at the start of the study were more than twice as55to die of heart disease,56the study published in The British Medical Journal.

Work stress57too much work as well as a lack of satisfaction and feeling undervalued and58.

Many people work long hours but if the effort is59the stress is minimized. Kivimaki said job pressure is damaging when being overworked is60with little or no control, unfair supervision and few career opportunities.

The British Heart Foundation said the results61earlier research showing that people in jobs with low control, such as manual workers, could be at greater62of heart disease than other employees.

“It is 63for people to try to minimize levels of stress at work and for employers to64people to have more control at work and to be rewarded for their success,” the foundation said in a statement.

高二英语完型填空简单题查看答案及解析

Tobacco has long been recognized as a huge health threat. It is known to cause lung and heart problems to many long-term users. According to the World Health Organization, 3,000,000 people die early each year because of tobacco use, including 890,000 deaths from second-hand smoke exposure.

E-cigarettes, an alternative (替代品) to smoking, have become popular. Also known as vaporizers (汽化器), they are electric devices that heat liquid nicotine into a vapor that can he taken in. This vapor is less harmful to inhale than smoke. For example, it does not produce tar (焦油), which can build up in a smoker’s lungs. Inhaling vapor - called vaping - is not without its own risks, however. Exposure to nicotine during youth can lead to addiction and cause long-term harm to brain development. The vapor may also contain harmful things. The Center for Disease Control has linked vaping to more than 805 cases of lung disease and 12 deaths so far in the US.

Vaping has greatly increased in popularity in the US, especially among teenagers. About 37 % of US high school seniors were reported vaping in 2018, up from 28% the year before, Harvard Health Publishing reported. Michael Blaha, a researcher at the Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease, listed 3 reasons that contributed to vaping’s popularity among young people. First, many teens eve that vaping is less harmful than smoking. Second, ecigarettes have a lower per-use cost than traditional cigrattes. Finally, e-cigarettes come in a wide range of sweet flavors, like apple pie and watermelon.

Blaha is most concerned that more teenagers are taking up vaping as a habit. “It’s one thing if you change from cigarette smoking to vaping. It’s quite another thing to start up nicotine use with vaping. And, it often leads to using traditional tobacco products down the road,” he said.

Governments around the world the divided about vaping. 39 countries and regions have banned the sale of e-cigarettes, according to the Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2018. Last September, US President Donald Trump said the use of e-cigarettes might be negatively affecting young people and that it should be kept off the market until proved harmless.

1.The underlined word “inhale” in Paragraph 2 probably means “__________”.

A.blow away B.spread out

C.give off D.breathe in

2.In what way are e-cigarettes different from traditional tobacco products?

A.E-cigarettes do not produce tar.

B.E-cigarettes are not bad to smokers’ health.

C.E-cigarettes are less likely to cause nicotine addiction.

D.E-cigarettes do more harm to smokers’ brains than their lungs.

3.Why is vaping popular with young people according to Blaha?

A.Vaping is allowed at school.

B.Vaping makes them look cool.

C.They like the liquid taken from fruits.

D.They think it’s safer and cheaper than smoking.

4.What can we learn from Blaha’s words in Paragraph 4?

A.Those who smoke e-cigarettes tend to smoke tobacco later.

B.Vaping is more likely to attract teenagers than older people.

C.It usually takes a long time for smokers to enjoy e-cigarettes.

D.E-cigarettes should be encouraged to replace traditional tobacco products.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In the United States, 30%of the grown-up population has a “weight problem”. To many people, the cause is clear: we eat too much. But scientific experiments do little to support this idea. Going back to the America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch TV.

Several modern studies, besides, have shown that fatter people do not eat more on average than thinner people. In fact, some research work, such as the 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers, reports that fat people eat less than thinner people on average. Studies show that thin people are more active than fat people. A study by the research group at Standford University School of Medicine found the following fact: the more the man ran, the greater body fat he lost. The more he ran, the greater was his need for food. Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.

1. What kind of physical problem do many grown-up Americans have?

A. They are too thin.               B. They work too hard.

C. They are too fat.                D. They lose too much body fat.

2. Based on the information given this article, suppose there are 500 grown-up Americans, about how many of them have a weight problem?

A. 30     B. 50        C. 100       D. 150

3. Are there scientific facts to support that eating too much is the cause of the “weight problem”?

A. Yes, there are plenty of them.

B. Of course, there are facts to show this is true.

C. There are hardly any scientific facts to support this.

D. We don’t know because the information is not given.

4. Compared with the grown-up Americans today, the Americans of 1910______.

A. ate more food and had more physical activities

B. ate less food but had more activities

C. ate less food and had less physical activities

D. had more weight problems

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

China’s one-child policy has been in place for decades and is causing ageing problem. So the news that China abandons one-child policy is _________ with cheers from many married couples.

A. behaved　 B. greeted　 C. hugged　 D. equipped

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.

A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.” The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.

Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制)  relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out  the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.

The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.

For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol白藜芦醇, a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.

1.The passage is mainly for those_________

A. who produce wine　　 B. who go on a diet

C. who have a drinking habit　　 D. who are eager to lose weight

2.The underlined phrase“ in moderation” in the first paragraph means_________．

A. excitedly　　 B. carefully

C. frequently　　 D. properly

3.What can we learn from the passage

A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.

B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.

C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.

D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.

4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A. How to do some easy experiments.

B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.

C. How to make wine in a healthy way.

D. How to prove the finding mentioned above.

高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.

A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, ＂Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.＂ The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.

Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.

The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.

For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol(白藜芦醇), a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.

1.The passage is mainly for those___________.

A. who produce wine

B. who have a drinking habit

C. who go on a diet

D. who are eager to lose weight

2.The underlined phrase＂ in moderation＂ in the first paragraph means ___________.

A. excitedly B. carefully

C. frequently D. properly

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.

B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.

C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.

D. The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.

4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A. How to do some easy experiments.

B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.

C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.

D. How to make wine in a healthy way.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”. To many people the cause is obvious (明显的): they eat too much. But scientific evidence (证据) does little to support this idea. Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.

Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people. A 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim (苗条的) people.

Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts:

The more the man ran, the greater loss of the body fat.

The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.

Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.

1.Nowadays many Americans have the problem that ______.

A. they are too slim        B. they work too hard

C. they are too fat     D. they lose too much body fat

2.According to the passage, how many people in 900 Americans have a “weight problem”?

A. 150.     B. 300.     C. 600.   D. 270.

3.Is there any scientific evidence to support the idea that eating too much is the cause of a “weight problem”?

A. Yes, there is plenty of evidence.

B. Of course, there is some evidence to support this.

C. There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.

D. We are not sure.

4.The Americans in 1910 ________.

A. ate more food and had more physical activities

B. ate less food but had more physical activities

C. ate less food and had less physical activities

D. had more problems

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”. To many people, the cause is obvious: they eat too much. But scientific evidence (证据) does little to support this idea. Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.

Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people. A 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim (苗条的) people.

Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts:

The more the man ran, the greater loss of the body fat.

The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.

Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.

1.Nowadays many Americans have the problem that ______.

A．they lose too much body fat 　 B．they work too hard

C．they are too fat　　 　　　　　　 D．they are too slim

2.According to the passage, how many people in 900 Americans have a “weight problem”?

A．150.　 B．300.　 C．600.　 D． 270.

3.Is there any scientific evidence to support the idea that eating too much is the cause of a “weight problem”?

A．We are not sure.

B．Of course, there is some evidence to support this.

C．There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.

D．Yes, there is plenty of evidence.

4.The Americans in 1910 ________.

A．had more problems

B．ate less food but had more physical activities

C．ate less food and had less physical activities

D．ate more food and had more physical activies

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Stress is one of the most common causes of health problems in modern life. Too much stress results in physical, emotional, and mental health problems.

There are numerous physical effects of stress. Stress can affect the heart. It can increase the pulse rate, make the heart miss beats, and can cause high blood pressure. Stress can affect the respiratory (呼吸的) system. It can lead to asthma and cause a person to breathe too fast, resulting in a loss of important carbon dioxide. Stress can affect the stomach. It can cause stomachaches and problems of digesting food. These are only a few examples of the wide range of illnesses and symptoms resulting from stress.

Emotions are also easily affected by stress. People suffering from stress often feel anxious. They may have panic attacks and feel tired all the time. When people are under stress, they often overreact to little problems. For example, a normally gentle parent under a lot of stress at work may yell at a child for dropping a glass of juice. Stress can make people angry, moody, or nervous.

Long-term stress can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses. Depression, an extreme feeling of sadness and hopelessness, can be the result of continued and increasing stress. Alcoholism and other addictions often develop as a result of overuse of alcohol or drugs to try to relieve（释放）stress. If stress is allowed to continue, then one’s mental health is put at risk.

It is obvious that stress is a serious problem. It attacks the body. It affects the emotions. Untreated, it may eventually result in mental illness. Stress has a great influence on the health, our feelings and our minds. So, reduce stress: stop the world and rest for a while.

1.What physical effects does stress result in?

A.Overreacting to little problems.

B.Making blood pressure low.

C.Suffering from depression.

D.Increasing the pulse rate.

2.Which one belongs to the emotional problem?

A.Alcohol abuse.

B.Drug addiction.

C.MuchAnxiety.

D.Heartbeat missing.

3.What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about?

A.Stress causing mental problems.

B.Stress causing physical problems.

C.Stress causing emotional problems.

D.Stress causing panic attacks.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Does stress cause gray hair? Many people believe that tension and stress can cause your hair to lose its color．In fact，it is an old wives tale that being upset all the time can result in premature graying．Here is a closer look at this situation and why some believe that this old wives tale could be true．

As one ages，the hairs on the head also age．In fact，just about everything on the human body begins to show signs of wear and tear after a while．The joints wear and become stiff and skin wears and becomes wrinkled．Hairs on the head grow and eventually die．They are replaced，but in the process something else happens．

When new hairs are replaced，the color or pigment(色素)is also added to them．However，as one ages，this pigment becomes less and less available．At first，hairs will have a limited amount of pigment and they will appear to be grayish in color．In time，they will lose all of their pigment and will be white．Many things are known to cause graying．and genetics is a very powerful factor．If one of your parents turns gray at an early age，there is a good chance that you will too．Some people begin the graying process in high school，while others may be over the age of forty．

Constant worry and tension can have many harmful effects on the human body．It is a known fact that stressful times can cause one to suffer hair loss．It would make sense that if it can cause these problems，perhaps it also may contribute to graying．However，there is no sound evidence to support this．

On the other hand，many medical professionals believe that there may be a link：between graying and a constant state of anxiety or tension．Does stress cause gray hair? There is no scientific evidence to support the theory，but it is best to avoid stressful situations．

1.The underlined phrase in the first paragraph most probably means 　　　　　　 .

A．clever remarks　　　　 B．silly remarks

C．exciting remarks　　 D．disappointed remarks

2.The second paragraph mainly tells us 　　　　　　 .

A．every part of body is replaced with age

B．hairs will grow weak but not die

C．skin becomes wrinkled with age

D．every part of body ages with age

3.From the passage we can infer that 　　　　　　 .

A．stress causing gray hair is still in question

B．gray hair has nothing to do with tension．

C．stressful situations can be of benefit．

D．sound evidence has been found．

4.What might play the most important role in the graying process?

A．Genetics and the amount of sleeping time

B．The amount of food people eat and living environment

C．The amount of pigment and genetics

D．Genetics and the amount of water people drink

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析