For as long as we’ve known about it, humans have searched for a cure for cancer. Across the world, countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop this terrible disease. But now, it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.
Recently, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US, a government agency that’s responsible for healthcare, approved a new form of gene therapy(疗法) that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.
The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune(有免疫力的) cells of sick patients to fight leukemia(白血病) — a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.
The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient, known as T-cells, which are then changed to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells.
The cells are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the patient’s leukemia over time, similar to how the body fights off other illnesses.
“This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients,” Louis J. DeGennaro, president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, said in a news release.
Up until now, a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植) was the only option for many leukemia patients.
In this procedure, healthy blood cells are taken from a donator and placed into the sick patient, who also has to go through chemotherapy (化疗) to allow their body to adjust to the new cells.
But with a recovery rate of around 83% — according to a news release published by the FDA — it’s hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers.
“We’re entering a new frontier in medical innovation(创新) with the ability to reprogram a patient’s own cells to attack a deadly cancer,” FDA representative Scott Gottlieb said in the release. “New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.”
1.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A.To compare different ways of curing leukemia.
B.To report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment.
C.To explore the potential of gene and cell therapies.
D.To show scientists’ efforts in search of a cure for cancer.
2.How does the new treatment to fight leukemia work?
A.By using changed T-cells to destroy cancer cells.
B.By replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones.
C.By removing sick blood cells during marrow transplant.
D.By using chemotherapy to improve the patient’s immune system.
3.What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers?
A.It can save them many more trips to the hospital.
B.It can improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer.
C.It can give them a better chance of survival and recovery.
D.It can reduce their pain in the process of marrow transplant.
4.What is Scott Gottlieb’s attitude toward gene and cell therapies?
A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Worried. D.Casual.
高二英语阅读选择困难题
For as long as we’ve known about it, humans have searched for a cure for cancer. Across the world, countless amounts of time and money have been spent on researching a way to stop this terrible disease. But now, it seems like the answer could have been inside our own bodies the whole time.
Recently, the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) in the US, a government agency that’s responsible for healthcare, approved a new form of gene therapy(疗法) that could mean the end of a certain type of cancer.
The therapy allows scientists to “train” the immune(有免疫力的) cells of sick patients to fight leukemia(白血病) — a form of blood cancer that mostly affects young people.
The exciting new treatment works by removing healthy immune cells from the patient, known as T-cells, which are then changed to be able to “hunt down” cancer cells.
The cells are then put back into the patient before they begin to get rid of the patient’s leukemia over time, similar to how the body fights off other illnesses.
“This is truly an exciting new day for cancer patients,” Louis J. DeGennaro, president of the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, said in a news release.
Up until now, a long and painful marrow transplant(骨髓移植) was the only option for many leukemia patients.
In this procedure, healthy blood cells are taken from a donator and placed into the sick patient, who also has to go through chemotherapy (化疗) to allow their body to adjust to the new cells.
But with a recovery rate of around 83% — according to a news release published by the FDA — it’s hoped that the days of painful trips to the hospital, or even death, are over for leukemia sufferers.
“We’re entering a new frontier in medical innovation(创新) with the ability to reprogram a patient’s own cells to attack a deadly cancer,” FDA representative Scott Gottlieb said in the release. “New technologies such as gene and cell therapies hold the potential to transform medicine and our ability to treat and even cure many incurable illnesses.”
1.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?
A.To compare different ways of curing leukemia.
B.To report on a breakthrough in cancer treatment.
C.To explore the potential of gene and cell therapies.
D.To show scientists’ efforts in search of a cure for cancer.
2.How does the new treatment to fight leukemia work?
A.By using changed T-cells to destroy cancer cells.
B.By replacing sick blood cells with healthy ones.
C.By removing sick blood cells during marrow transplant.
D.By using chemotherapy to improve the patient’s immune system.
3.What can be inferred about the new therapy for leukemia sufferers?
A.It can save them many more trips to the hospital.
B.It can improve their ability to fight off all kinds of cancer.
C.It can give them a better chance of survival and recovery.
D.It can reduce their pain in the process of marrow transplant.
4.What is Scott Gottlieb’s attitude toward gene and cell therapies?
A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Worried. D.Casual.
高二英语阅读选择困难题查看答案及解析
When Chinese researchers successfully figured out the genetic structure of the novel coronavirus in January, many people thought a vaccine(疫苗) would soon follow. 1.
First, scientists must work together to understand the structure of the virus and develop potential vaccines to fight against it. 2. After passing animal tasting, clinical trials of the vaccine are then done on humans. Finally the vaccine needs to be approved by officials before it can be made available to the public. All of the steps are necessary to make sure that the new vaccine is safe for people to use. 3. With technological advancements and government funding (资金), the time it takes to develop vaccines can be reduce.
CEPI, an international organization that develops vaccine, for example, is funding programs that focus on making a vaccine for the novel coronavirus. About 35 companies and academic institutions, including the US company Moderna, funded by CEPI, are searching for a COVID-19 vaccine. 4. Once a vaccine is ready, 100 million doses (剂量) could be made within a year, according to Modena’s CEO Stephane Bancel.
5. Not only do they help to save individual lives, but they also help the local and even the global community.
A.This is why a vaccine is developed.
B.But that’s a lot easier said than done.
C.However, experts say vaccines are unlikely to be available
D.Once these first vaccines are made, they are tested on animals.
E.Sometimes, this process can take as long as 10 to 15 years to complete.
F.Even though vaccines take a long time to develop, they are very important.
G.A few have begun testing in animals, while Moderna’s attempt has started human trials.
高二英语七选五困难题查看答案及解析
Is there anybody out there? For centuries human beings have been wondering. As we've gained greater understanding of the universe, however, our searches have taken on a more concrete form. Questions about aliens have become a subject for science rather than science fiction and philosophy.
Now a new cooperation(合作)between the Very Large Array observatory in New Mexico and the privately funded Seti Institute in California could mean that our curiosity about aliens is closer than ever before to being satisfied. Data from the VLA's 28 giant radio telescopes will be fed through a special supercomputer that will search for distant signals. Scientists who work at the Seti Institute said the announcement means their research is now “almost mainstream".
How likely it is that a signal will be found, and what this might mean, are hard questions to answer. Seti's existing projects haven't detected any life signals from other planets so far. But recent discoveries in space and Earth sciences have provided some encouragement to those who are enthusiastic about the likelihood, however remote, of detecting other civilizations.
While once it was thought that our solar system could be unique, since the discovery of the first exoplanet (a planet in another solar system) in the 1990s, thousands more have been located(确定位置). Around one in five stars are now thought to have a planet in their orbit in a so-called “habitable zone"—that is at a distance from the star where the temperature(neither too hot nor too cold) means that life is theoretically feasible.
If there is another life form somewhere, could it be as intelligent as us? Or cause a risk to us, as the physicist Stephen Hawking once warned? As investigations of Mars continue, our interest in the possibility of alien life appears clear—especially when conditions in our own earth appear even more unstable.
1.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A.Global cooperation helps to study aliens.
B.Searching for aliens is becoming a trend.
C.Aliens have caught wide attention globally.
D.There are many uncertainties about aliens study.
2.What is the encouraging news to searchers for distant civilizations?
A.VLA has developed new radio telescopes.
B.Seti has detected signals from other planets.
C.More and more exoplanets have been found.
D.Other civilizations have been located in a habitable zone.
3.What does the underlined word “feasible" in paragraph 4 most probably mean?
A.Possible. B.Tough.
C.Easy. D.Certain.
4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Literature. B.Health.
C.Education. D.Science.
高二英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Intelligent Plant. That is the title of a recent article in The New Yorker, and new research is showing that plants have surprising abilities to sense and react to the world.
But can a plant be intelligent? Some plant scientists insist they are since they can sense, learn, remember and even react in ways that would be familiar to humans.
Michael Pollan, author of “The Botany of Desire,” says for the longest time, people who have long talked to their plants or played music for them were being considered “mad.”
The new research, he says, is in a field called plant neurobiology(神经生物学), which is not a proper name, because even scientists in the field don’t argue that plants have neurons(神经) or brains.
“They have analogous structures as humans,” Pollan explains. “Plants have all the same senses as humans. They have ways of taking all the sensory data they gather in their everyday lives, integrate it and then behave in an appropriate way in response.” In addition to hearing, taste, for example, they can sense gravity, the presence of water, or even feel that an obstacle(障碍物) is in the way of its roots, before coming into contact with it. Plant roots will change direction, he says, to avoid obstacles.
So what about pain? Do plants feel? Pollan says they do respond to anesthetics (麻醉剂). “You can put a plant out with a human anesthetic. And not only that, plants produce their own compounds that are anesthetic to us.” But scientists are unwilling to go as far as to say they are responding to pain.
How plants sense and react is still somewhat unknown. They don’t have nerve cells like humans, but they do have a system for sending electrical signals and even produce neurotransmitters (神经递质) and other chemicals the human brain uses to send signals.
1.Why does the author mention the article The Intelligent Plant in the first paragraph?
A.To support his opinion. B.To introduce the topic.
C.To give an example. D.To make comparison.
2.People who usually talked to their plants would be thought .
A.Intelligent. B.Crazy. C.Patient. D.Comforting.
3.What does the underlined word “analogous” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.Simple. B.False. C.Flexible. D.Similar.
4.What can we learn about plants according to the last two paragraphs?
A.Plants can feel and react to pain. B.Plants send two kinds of signals.
C.Plants are able to sense and react. D.Plants have their own brains.
高二英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
Tips for Cycle Trips
Cycling has many advantages as a form of travel, as it is the fastest way to travel by human power, and slow enough to allow the type of local involvement that is impossible with powered travel. Cycle travel is a cheap form of transportation.
Distance
On level terrain（地形）, without a headwind, a cyclist of average fitness on a touring bike can comfortably cover 60-120km a day. Distances of up to 250km a day are possible, but anything much beyond 120km will require considerable physical tension and not allow many stops to enjoy the places you visit. For many, 80-100km a day will be the most suitable distance to aim for, as it will give a sense of achievement and also leave plenty of time for meals and activities.
Geography
The gradient（坡度）of the trip will reduce your range. A basic rule is that for every 100 metres of altitude you climb, you should add an extra 15 minutes to your journey time. In hilly or mountainous areas, the easiest routes for cycling are downstream along major rivers, as overall they will be downhill. A long, roundabout route along a river will usually be easier than a short, direct route over a hill or mountain pass. However, it is worth bearing in mind that the most scenic routes often come from hilly terrain.
Eat
Food choice depends largely on where you are, so see the respective sections for more information about foods. As you will be working hard, it’s important to get enough energy in your food. On long trips away from major towns, there may be little quality food available, so be prepared to live on candy bars, prepared meat products and the like if the need arises.
Sleep
While you can take a tent with you, many hotels and especially campsites can accommodate cyclists. However, there are also some hotels that may be less used to accommodating cyclists. If you are exploring an unfamiliar place, asking about the accommodation spares you the search for a new place to stay after a long exhausting day of travel.
1.Which of the following distance does the author suggest to ordinary cyclists a day?
A.90km. B.50km.
C.130km. D.250km.
2.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Cycling over a mountain is challenging but worthy.
B.Hotels seldom provide accommodation for cyclists.
C.High quality food is easy to get on long trips.
D.It takes cyclists 15 minutes to climb 10m of altitude.
3.Where can we probably read this passage?
A.In a geography book. B.In a research report.
C.In a travel magazine. D.In a science fiction.
高二英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
When you’re a writer, finishing your book and publishing it is your biggest dream. You’re curious as to how people will react to it, and whether it could sell or not.1.There are either things you want to change about it, or fear about people’s reaction. Still, you shouldn’t let these things stop you from going after your dream. Below are some of the most common fears that new writers face, and how to beat them.
Originality
For many new writers, originality is an issue. Considering there are so many writers out there, it’s hard to know if someone thought of an idea before you did.2.And it’s not really pleasant being seen as a thief. The thing is that it’s hard to come out with something that’s entirely original as well. As long as you put the idea into practice in a different way, it shouldn’t be an issue. As long as you are able to cover a topic deeply, as well as provide a new and unique perspective, that should work.
People’s Opinion
It’s hard not to think about what people will think about your book, as they are the ones who have the final word. One of the biggest fears many writers deal with is how their book will be perceived by readers, and it's human nature to think about the bad stuff first. Not only you’re afraid you won’t get Instagram followers that are fans of the book, but you also fear the book won’t sell.3.So why let this thought kill your mood? A book’s goal is to reframe old information or make new claims, so what people say shouldn’t stop you.
No Time to Write
People get busy, it’s normal. Nevertheless, it shouldn’t stop you from doing what you love.4.You can take that time and use it to write instead. Nobody says that you have to write endless pages in a day – writing a book is a whole process, and nobody is rushing you. Make sure you schedule your time, so you have time to write at least one hour daily.
5.
You want fans to connect with you and it can be disheartening when things like your social following grows slowly. Try using tools such as the best tools for Instagram as a means to get followers.
A.Therefore, you’re at risk of being accused of stealing from someone’s work.
B.Growing your fan base.
C.However, there will always be people disagreeing with you or not liking what you do.
D.Don’t let the details stop you from sharing your story.
E.But sometimes it’s hard hitting that post button, because things are holding you back.
F.You most likely have some spare time that you use doing something else.
G.Communicate with your fans.
高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists believe they could bring the likes of dodos(渡渡鸟)back from the dead through cloning experiments in the near future which could see the flightless birds revived from their extinction.
The big bird, which was about a metre tall and weighed up to 18 kilograms, was native to Mauritius but became extinct in the 1600s, shortly after humans discovered the island. However, 400 years later, scientists now believe that they could bring the dodo back to life through cloning of some of its closest living relatives.
Scientists recently published a paper which identified the overall genomic structure of dinosaurs. The team achieved this by tracing the ancestors (祖先)of birds — the dinosaurs closest living relatives — to create the genomic structure. Researchers involved in the study say it is an emphatic ‘no’ when it comes to the possibility of ever being able to clone dinosaurs, but they do say that more recently extinct birds like the carrier pigeon and the dodo could be brought back due to the fact that they have such close living relatives.
University of Kent scientists Darren Griffin and Rebecca O’Connor wrote in an article for The Conversation: “We discovered that birds and most flightless dinosaurs had a lot of chromosomes (packages of DNA). Having so many allows animals to generate variation, the driver of natural selection.”
“However, though it is a long shot, it may be possible in future to use Jurassic Park technology to help avoid some of the harm that humans have caused. Mankind has seen the extinction of well-known avian dinosaurs such as the dodo and the passenger pigeon.”
“Recovery(恢复)of DNA that is a only few hundred years old from these birds is a far more realistic way. It may also be that eggs from closely related living species might just be good enough. In the right conditions we may be able to use them to resurrect some of these species from extinction.”
1.What can we learn about dodos?
A.They flew to Mauritius in the 1600s. B.They could be used to clone pigeons.
C.They would die out in the near future. D.They might be brought back to life soon.
2.How do scientists revive dodos?
A.They clone dodos’ closest living relatives. B.They trace those endangered birds closely.
C.They look for dinosaurs’ living conditions. D.They identify genomic structure of pigeons.
3.What does the underlined word “resurrect” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Learn. B.Protect.
C.Revive. D.Prevent.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Scientists Expect to Clone the Dodos. B.Scientists Find Close Living Relatives.
C.Dinosaurs Have Already Been Extinct. D.Some Species Have Been Discovered.
高二英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
Bandhavgarh National Park in India is best known for its amazing setting, as well as having the highest concentration of tigers in India. In addition to tigers, there are also bears, deer, wolves, birds, etc.
Location: In Madhya Pradesh state, almost 200 kilometers northeast of Jabalpur. The nearest village is Tala, which is the access point of the park.
Opening Hours and Safari（打猎）Times
Safaris operate twice a day, starting at dawn until late morning, and mid afternoon until sunset. The best time to visit the park is early in the morning or after 4 p.m. to spot the animals. the park is closed from July 1 to September 30 due to the monsoon season（季风季节）.
Bandhavgarh Zone
Bandhavgarh is divided into three main zones: Tala (the park’s best zone, with the most tigers), Magdhi (the second best zone to see tigers), and Khitauli (scenic and less visited, although tiger sighting do occur there; particularly good for birding).
Entry Fees and Charges for Jeep Safaris
Bandhavgarh has become expensive to visit in recent years. Entry fees have increased since October 2014. When going on a safari, separate fees must be paid for park entry and jeep hire. Entry tickets are priced per vehicle (up to six people). For 2015-16, park entry tickets cost as follows:
Tala Zone: 2,400 rupees for Indians, 4,800 rupees for foreigners. (Up to six people)
Other Zones: 1,200 rupees for Indians, 2,400 rupees for foreigners. (Up to six people)
Jeep Hire
Expect to pay about 2,200 rupees to hire a jeep, in addition to the entry cost. This can be done at the park entrance. All hotels can arrange jeep hire and tours, but at a higher rate. It’s much less trouble though. Besides, unlike many national parks in India, it’s possible to take private vehicles into Bandhavgarh.
1.What is Bandhavgarh National Park most famous for?
A. Species of bears. B. Lots of tigers.
C. Beautiful birds. D. A number of wolves.
2.How much should five Americans pay for entry fees to visit Magdhi Zone?
A. 1,200 rupees. B. 2,400 rupees.
C. 4,800 rupees. D. 6,000 rupees.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about jeep hire in the park?
A. Tourists don’t have to hire jeeps.
B. Hiring jeeps from hotels costs less money.
C. Tourists can only hire a jeep from the park.
D. Jeep hire fees are included in the entry cost.
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Bandhavgarh National Park in India is best known for its amazing setting, as well as having the highest concentration of tigers in India. In addition to tigers, there are also bears, deer, wolves, birds, etc.
Location: In Madhya Pradesh state, almost 200 kilometers northeast of Jabalpur. The nearest village is Tala, which is the access point of the park.
Opening Hours and Safari (游猎) Times
Safaris operate twice a day, starting at dawn until late morning, and mid afternoon until sunset. The best time to visit the park is early in the morning or after 7 p.m. to spot the animals. The park is closed from July 1 to September 30 due to the monsoon season (季风季节).
Bandhavgarh Zones
Bandhavgarh is divided into three main zones: Tala (the park’s best zone, with the most tigers), Magdhi (the second best zone to see tigers), and Khitauli (scenic and less visited, although tiger sightings do occur there; particularly good for birding).
Entry Fees and Charges for Jeep Safaris
Bandhavgarh has become expensive to visit in recent years. Entry fees have increased since October 2014. When going on a safari, separate fees must be paid for park entry and jeep hire. Entry tickets are priced per vehicle (up to six people). For 2015-16, park entry tickets cost as follows:
·Tala Zone: 2,400 rupees for Indians, 4,800 rupees for foreigners. (Up to six people)
·Other Zones: 1,200 rupees for Indians, 2,400 rupees for foreigners. (Up to six people)
Jeep Hire
Expect to pay about 2,200 rupees to hire a jeep, in addition to the entry cost. This can be done at the park entrance. All hotels can arrange jeep hire and tours, but at a higher rate. It’s much less trouble though. Besides, unlike many national parks in India, it’s possible to take private vehicles into Bandhavgarh.
1.When can you visit the park?
A. In July. B. In August.
C. In September. D. In October.
2.How much should five Americans pay for entry fees to visit Magdhi Zone?
A. 1,200 rupees. B. 2,400 rupees.
C. 4,800 rupees. D. 6,000 rupees.
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE about jeep hire in the park?
A. Tourists don’t have to hire jeeps.
B. Hiring jeeps from hotels costs less money.
C. Tourists can only hire a jeep from the park.
D. Jeep hire fees are included in the entry cost.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
He is known _____ a scientist and famous _____ his research on rice.
A. for; as B. for; for C. as; for D. as; as
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析