Peterson, a great archaeologist, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe that the ministry was ________ this problem, but we feel that we can't wait any longer.”
A. looking out B. bringing out C. carrying out D. sorting out
高三英语单项填空简单题
Peterson, a great archaeologist, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe that the ministry was ________ this problem, but we feel that we can't wait any longer.”
A. looking out B. bringing out C. carrying out D. sorting out
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Using modern technology, archaeologists (考古学家) have recently discovered about 200 Mayan artifacts (玛雅古器) in Mexico, which surprisingly, appear to have been untouched for up to 1,000 years. The artifacts were found inside a cave in ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza on Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula.
The lead researcher on the project is Mexican archaeologist Guillermo de Anda. He called the cave a “scientific treasure”.
The findings included bone pieces and burnt offering materials. In addition, incense burners, vases, plates and other objects were discovered. Some items included the portrait of Tlaloc, the rain god of central Mexico.
The cave where the objects were found is so unique. It is part of a cave system known as Balamku. The cave is long, narrow and dark. It is about three kilometers east of the main pyramid of Kukulkan. It sits at the center of Chichen Itza which is the stone city described by the United Nations as “one of the greatest Mayan centers of the Yucatan Peninsula.”
The cave sits about 24 meters underground, with areas connected by passages. Some of the passages were so narrow that researchers had to climb in or pull themselves through. The team has so far explored about 460 meters of the cave, and is unsure how far it stretches. The team plans to continue exploring the cave. The found artifacts will not be removed, but studied inside.
The team accidentally found the artifacts while exploring Chichen Itza in an effort to learn more about its underground water system. The new discovery will help scientists better understand the history, culture, lives and beliefs of people who lived in Chichen Itza, especially in the boom years.
Archaeologists believe there may be another cave hidden under the pyramid of Kukulkan that could be connected to the latest find. “Let’s hope God will lead us there,” Guillermo de Anda said. “That is part of the reason why we are entering these sites to find a connection to the natural well under the Kukulkan.”
1.What’s amazing about the Mayan artifacts discovered in Mexico?
A.The long history and perfect state.
B.The digging time and location.
C.The current high price.
D.The variety of usage.
2.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.The features of the cave. B.The findings in the cave.
C.The ancient cave system. D.The origin of Mayan centers.
3.What is the significance of the new discovery?
A.It can help scientists register cultural relics.
B.It can encourage archaeologists to form work beliefs.
C.It can help scientists further learn about Mayan civilization.
D.It can arouse the interest of Mexicans in archaeology.
4.What will archaeologists do next according to the last paragraph?
A.Dig wells under the Kukulkan.
B.Move the findings to another cave.
C.Find the cause of groundwater disappearance.
D.Try to find another cave under the pyramid of Kukulkan.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Historians and archaeologists have defined periods of human history for centuries by the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society. This includes the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age. But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers. Plastics.
“Plastic has redefined our material culture and the artifacts we leave behind. It will be found in stratified(分层的) layers in our trash deposits(沉积层). ” That’s according to John Marston, an archaeologist.
The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it weren’t for human action. About six billion tons of plastics have been made and spread around the planet. They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.
Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earth’s makeup. Most plastics don’t easily degrade. This only adds to the problem. Recycling isn’t an adequate solution. Not all types of plastic are easily recyclable. And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.
According to Debra Winter, writer for The Atlantic, this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can cross the planet several times before they are processed. They are made into rugs, sweaters, or they are used to make other bottles. Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year, but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean. The problem has reached the point where it’s possible that in just a few decades there might be more plastic in the world’s oceans than fishes.
“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years, so it’s safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet, in some form or another，” Winter writes.
The damage may already be done. It may be too late for human populations worldwide to change their plastic using ways. So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.
1.Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?
A.Because plastics are not naturally made.
B.Because humans create plastics.
C.Because plastics influence the world greatly.
D.Because historians and archaeologists think so.
2.According to the passage, how are most plastics dealt with currently?
A.They are recycled.
B.They are degraded.
C.They are thrown away.
D.They are made into bottles.
3.What is the author’s attitude to the Plastic Age?
A.Negative. B.Ambiguous.
C.Favorable. D.Unconcerned.
4.What is the main idea of this passage?
A.Plastics have ruined our environment.
B.We must stop using plastics altogether.
C.Human beings are in the Plastic Age.
D.Plastics are significant to human development.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
ARCHAEOLOGISTS(考古学家) GUIDED BY laser images of a remote region of northern Guatemala have discovered 20-foot-high walls, watchtowers, and other evidence that ancient Maya societies had been annoyed by warfare threat over many years. The finds have upended long-established impressions of a civilization that it tamed the jungle and built thriving cities,then declined and disappeared quietly beneath the dense tropical forest.
Among the most surprising discoveries was a large stone complex now called La Cuemavilla. Built on a steep ridge, the heavily fortified site included high walls. Moats which serves as the largest defensive system ever discovered in the region.
This was surprising says an archaeologist, "because we had a tendency to romanticize Maya warfare as something that was largely ritualized. But the fortifications were seeing suggest an elevated level of antagonism over centuries. Rulers were so deeply alarmed that they felt the need to invest in all these hilltop fortifications. There is an almost visible sense of fear in this landscape.
All these findings owe credit to PACUNAM LIDAR Initiative, a laser survey of some 800 square miles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in northern Guatemala. Using revolutionary Laser technology, the survey revealed the long-hidden ruins of a sprawling pre-Columbian civilization that was far more complex and interconnected than most Maya specialists had supposed.
Guided by the new Laser treasure maps, the LIDAR team deployed through the jungle over the past year to conduct hands-on investigations of more than a dozen of the most promising sites-most of which would have been imperceptible without LIDAR.
"You could walk over the top of a major ruin and miss it, "says an archaeologist who's part of the PACUNA project. But LIDAR picks up the patterns and makes the features pop out with surprising clarity.
Three-dimensional maps generated by the survey yielded surprises even at Tikal, the largest and most extensively explored archaeological site in Guatemala. The ancient city was at least four times bigger than previously thought, and surrounded by a massive ditch and fortified base stretching for miles.
Archaeologists stress that LIDAR, for all its utility, will never see below the ground or yield direct dates of occupation. “we still need to dig and hack our way through the jungle, but now we have a very accurate map to guide us.
1.How did people think of Maya before the discovery of the defense ruins?
A. It was the most advanced civilization in the history of mankind.
B. It was long under the threat of large-scale wars
C. Its rise and decline were under way peacefully
D. It was finally destroyed by a large-scale war
2.The underlined word antagonism is closest in meaning to ____.
A. misery
B. revolution
C. population decrease
D. opposition
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The military mechanism found in La Cuemavilla was intended for occupying more lands.
B. The new laser technology was mainly used to enlarge the original site size.
C. The LIDAR helps to avoid the traditional digging task in site exploration.
D. The Tikal site was found to be protected by certain defense works
4.The passage is mainly about ____.
A. people' s long-time misunderstanding of Maya civilization.
B. discovery of Maya military works aided by new explore technology
C. the finding of a big warfare resulting in the disappearance of Maya civilization
D. The various advantages of new technologies in the field of archaeology.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
D
LONDON—Archaeologists have discovered a smaller prehistoric(史前) site near Britain’s famous circle of standing stones at Stonehenge.
Researchers have named the site “Bluehenge” after the color of the 27 Welsh stones that were laid to make up a path. The stones have disappeared, but the path of holes remains.
The new circle, unearthed over the summer by researchers from Sheffield University, represents an important find, researchers said Saturday. The site is about a mile away from Stonehenge.
Bluehenge, about 80 miles southwest of London, is believed to date back to about the time Stonehenge was built, about 5,000 years ago.
Mike Parker Pearson of Sheffield University said he believed the path and stonehenge itself were linked to rituals(仪式) of life and death.
Mike Parker suggested that the ancient funerary rituals began at a different circle site known as “Wood-henge”, which represented the world of the living. The bodies of the dead were then brought down the River Avon to Bluehenge, which represented death, and were finally carried along a ceremonial route known as the Avenue to Stonehenge.
Bournemouth University Professor Tim Darvill, an expert on Stonehenge, told Britain’s Dail Mail that Bluehenge “adds to the richness” of the ancient site’s story.
“This henge is very important because it forms part of the picture of ceremonial monuments in the area and puts Stonehenge into context,” Darvill was quoted(引述) as saying. “It’s no longer Stonehenge standing alone, but it has to be seen in context with the landscape.”
53．How many henges are mentioned in this passage?
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
54．Who believed the Stonehenge is related to ancient ritual of death?
A．Archaeologists from London B．Welsh researchers
C．Mike Parker Pearson D．Professor Tim Darvill
55．What does the underlined sentence “It’s no longer Stonehenge standing alone, but it has to be seen in context with the landscape.” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Stonehenge has noting to do with Bluehenge
B．Woodhenge represented the world of living in ancient times.
C．Bluehenge represented death
D．Stonehenge, Woodhenge and Bluehenge should be studied together
56．From the passage we can learn that ______.
A．researchers have named the site “Bluehenge,” because they have found blue huge stones there
B．funerary rituals were carried out along the path starting from Woodhenge, River Avon to Bluehenge, finally Stonehenge.
C．Bluehenge is 1 mile away from London
D．Bluehenge dates back to 2000 BC
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Brecon Beacons YAC has an amazing opportunity for budding(崭露头角的) archaeologists of all ages, in Sunderland in Tyne and Wear. Thanks to funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund, professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong will be investigating an archaeological mystery and they need your help.
Romans?
“The site is a bit of a mystery”, Frank Giecco from Wardell Armstrong said. “There is a very nice cropmark recorded on the site that has got lots of people very excited. Geophysicists failed to find anything relating to the cropmark. There is anecdotal evidence of Roman material being found, but nothing is officially recorded. We hope to finally answer the question of what is in this field, during the two weeks on site. Is there evidence of any Roman occupation on the site? Can you help us find out?”
Get involved
This is an opportunity for both adults and children to take part in field walking and trial trenching (small hand-dug test pits for children). No experience is necessary, training will be provided by the professional archaeologists from Wardell Armstrong, and all equipment will be provided. Volunteers can attend for as few or as many days as they wish, but they do need to book a place.
For more information, and to book your place, please contact Norman Kirtlan at sunderlandforgottenstones@gmail.com.
1.If you intend to take part in the activity, you ________.
A. will be charged for using equipment
B. will be coached by experts in the field
C. should have worked with archaeologists before
D. should spare two weeks to stay at the site
2.What’s the main purpose of the passage?
A. To seek funding for archaeological research.
B. To appeal for help in proving findings based on anecdotal evidence.
C. To find volunteers to help solve an archaeological mystery.
D. To organize volunteers to help sort our data on the Roman occupation.
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Archaeologists believe they are on the turning point of throwing light on the life of William Shakespeare — by excavating （发掘） what may have been the playwright’s dust hole．
Experts have begun excavating the ruins of New Place, Shakespeare’s former home in Stratford-upon-Avon, which was destroyed 250 years ago．Although little remains of the property, the team, led by Birmingham Archaeology, believes it has identified a dust hole used by the 16th century poet．
Small pieces of pottery （陶瓷） and broken clay pipe have already been found from a muddy hole on the site, which they claim could yield some of the most significant discoveries about Shakespeare in decades．The dig focuses on three areas of the property, which Shakespeare bought in 1597 when he returned to his home town from London having achieved fame — including the so-called knot garden at the back of the building．
Dr Diana Owen, Director of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, which owns the site, said, “We do not know if the knot garden was an area used by Shakespeare — it may have been a yard simply used by his servants．But this could actually yield some fantastic results, especially if it was an area where rubbish was thrown or the dust hole was located．”
Kevin Colls, from Birmingham Archaeology, added, “Through documentary evidence we know Shakespeare lived at New Place but we have very little information regarding the layout （布局） of the house and gardens at this time．Through archaeological fieldwork, in particular the dig of structural remains and the recovery of artefacts, we hope to fill in the blanks．”
Until October, visitors will be able to watch archaeologists and volunteers at work as they excavate the remains of the house, which was knocked down in 1759．Experts hope to unearth evidence to support theories that Shakespeare wrote many of his most famous works at the property．
1．This excavation intends to ______．
A．know something about the playwright’s dust hole
B．search for some treasure in the dust hole
C．explore the life of William Shakespeare
D．find something that Shakespeare lost
2．New Place was destroyed in the ______ century．
A．15th B．16th C．17th D．18th
3．Small pieces of pottery and broken clay pipe on the site ______．
A．could show Shakespeare’s luxurious life
B．could lead to important discoveries about Shakespeare
C．could show us that Shakespeare lived at New Place
D．could prove when New Place was knocked down
4．The underlined phrase “the blanks” in Paragraph 5 refers to ______．
A．the ruins of New Place
B．the smallest pieces of broken pottery
C．three areas of the property
D．the layout of the house and gardens of New Place
5．What can we learn from the text?
A．Shakespeare used to live at New Place．
B．Shakespeare became famous after 1597．
C．Only his servants used the knot garden．
D．Dr Diana Owen owns Shakespeare’s property．
高三英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
The archaeologists found gold coins and pottery in the lowest level of the site____ they reached three months ago．
A．what B．for which C．that D．to which
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Archaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Leone. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.”
“In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it’s a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Washington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant(后裔) communities. Through this technology, they’re able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.”
The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra Leone.
Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration, told The Post the discovery, based on saliva(唾液) absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blower”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied(定期往来) by British and American ships. “As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa,” she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is robbed. Who they are as a people has gone.”
The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I’m sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I’m sorry. I'm so happy ... Thank God for the DNA.”
This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619.
1.What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to?
A.A surprise. B.A confusion.
C.An excitement. D.A fascination.
2.According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________.
A.it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa
B.it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman
C.it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities
D.it contained genetic clues to the ancestral background of its owner
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa.
B.The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern.
C.African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation.
D.Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslaved
B.A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African woman
C.The descendants of enslaved people seek their identities
D.DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new research
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Archaeologists used DNA taken from a broken clay pipe stem found in Maryland to build a picture of an enslaved woman who died around 200 years ago and had origins in modern-day Sierra Leone. One researcher called the work “a mind-blower.”
“In this particular context, and from that time period, I think it's a first,” team member Hannes Schroeder told The Washington Post. “To be able to get DNA from an object like a pipe stem is quite exciting. Also it is exciting for descendant(后裔) communities... Through this technology, they're able to make a connection not only to the site but potentially back to Africa.”
The pipe stem was found at the Belvoir plantation in Crownsville, Maryland, where enslaved people lived until 1864 and where a likely slave cemetery was recently found. DNA taken from the pipe linked back to a woman either directly from or descended from the Mende people, who lived in west Africa, in an area now part of Sierra.
Julie Schablitsky, the chief archaeologist with the Maryland state highway administration, told The Post the discovery, based on saliva(唾液) absorbed into the clay pipe, was a “mind-blower”. She also said records show the existence of a slave trade route Sierra Leone to Annapolis, plied(定期往来) by British and American ships. "As soon as people stepped on those slave ships in Africa," she said, “whether they were from Benin or whether they were from Sierra Leone, wherever they were from, that identity was lost. Their humanity is stripped from. Who they are as a people has gone.”
The new analysis is part of ongoing research around Belvoir that has given descendants of the people enslaved there new insight into the lives of their ancestors. Speaking to The Post, Nancy Daniels, a genealogist from Laurel, Maryland, who thinks she is a descendant of enslaved families from Belvoir but was not linked to the research on the pipe, called the discovery “overwhelming.” “I'm sitting here about ready to cry,” she said. “I'm sorry. I'm so happy ... Thank God for the DNA.”
This year, events and ceremonies are being held to mark the 400th anniversary of the arrival of the first enslaved people in America, at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619. Slavery was effectively abandoned in the US on 1 January 1863, with the issue by Abraham Lincoln of the Emancipation Proclamation. It formally ended in December 1865, after the civil war, with the approval of the 13th amendment(修正案).
1.What does the phrase “a mind-blower” in paragraphs 1 and 4 refer to?
A.A surprise B.A confusion
C.An excitement D.A fascination
2.According to Hannes Schroeder, the pipe stem was of great significance because________.
A.it was the first direct evidence that slaves living in Maryland were originally from Africa.
B.it helped the archaeologists to draw a portrait of the enslaved woman.
C.it might contribute to identifying the birthplace of the descendant communities.
D.it contained genic clues to the ancestral background of its owner.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A.The owner of the pipe once lived in what is now an area in west Africa.
B.The history of slavery in America is an ongoing topic of concern.
C.African slaves lost their identities when they arrived at the Belvoir plantation.
D.Nancy Daniels, a genealogist was sorry for not being involved in the research.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.DNA from an old pipe throws lights on the origins of the enslaved
B.A new research reveals the origins of enslaved African woman
C.The descendants of enslaved people seek their identities
D.DNA contributes to the breakthrough of a new research
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析